Term
| Are ADH receptors intracellular or extracellular? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are aldosterone receptors intracellular or extracellular? |
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Definition
| intracellular -- inside collecting duct |
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Term
| What does short-term regulation of ABP (seconds) involve? |
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Definition
| Baroreceptors, ANS effectors |
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Term
| What does intermediate-term regulation of ABP (minutes to hours) involve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does long-term regulation of ABP (hours to days) involve? |
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Definition
| The release of aldosterone from adrenal cortex which induces synthesis of new Na/K ATPase pumps and Na/H exchangers along the collecting duct. This actively reabsorbs sodium and water follows. |
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Term
| When is renin released from the JG apparatus? |
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Definition
| When the kidneys are hypoperfused or if there is an increase in plasma osmolarity |
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Term
| Where is the brainstem vasomotor center? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are cardiopulmonary receptors high or low pressure receptors? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do arterial or cardiopulmonary receptors stimulate release of ADH from hypothalamus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do arterial baroreceptors sense pressures? |
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Definition
| Aorta and carotid arteries |
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Term
| Where do cardiopulmonary baroreceptors sense pressure? |
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Definition
| Cardiac atria and pulmonary arteries |
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Term
| What happens to macula densa cells in the presence of a high osmotic concentration in the distal tubule? |
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Definition
| They swell and release adenosine that constricts afferent arterioles and inhibits renin release |
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Term
| What happens when macula densa cells shrink? |
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Definition
| Renin release from granular cells |
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Term
| What are the “intrarenal baroreceptors”? |
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Definition
| Granular cells that respond to changes in pressure within afferent arterioles |
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Term
| What type of receptor on granular cells stimulates the release of renin by sympathetic nerve input? |
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Definition
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Term
| What fraction of body fluid is intracellular vs extracellular? |
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Definition
| 2/3 is intracellular; 1/3 is extracellular |
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Term
| What does pressure natriuresis and diuresis result in? |
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Definition
| Increased hydrostatic pressure in both glomerular and peritubular capillaries. The percentage of fluid reabsorption in the proximal tubule decreases and salt and water are excreted which decreases BP |
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Term
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Definition
| Glomerulotubular balance = a constant fraction of filtered load gets reabsorbed in proximal tubule tempering the absolute load presented to the rest of the nephron |
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Term
| What center in the medulla regulates blood pressure on a moment-to-moment basis via the baroreceptor reflex? |
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Definition
| Medullary vasomotor center |
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