Term
| What are the two things that Destructive force is driven by? |
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Definition
| Hydrologic Cycle, Gravity |
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Term
| What are the ten steps in the Hydrologic cycle. |
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Definition
| 1.Evaporates off the ocean, 2. Rain on the Gronds, Groundwater, Evaporates, 5.Tranpiration, 6. Stored as glacial ice, 7. Down to Subduction Zones, 8. Erupted Volcanically, Lost in Space, Returned by Meteorites |
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Term
| What is the Angle of Repose |
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Definition
| The steepest angle at which regolith will rest |
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Term
| How does grain size effect the angle of repose? |
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Definition
Coarse-steeper
Fine-less steep |
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Term
| How does the shape of a grain effect the angle of repose? |
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Definition
Angular Grains-steeper
Rounderd Grains-less |
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Term
| How does the wetness of a grain effect the angular of repose, including saturated |
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Definition
Wetted Fine-steeper
Wetted Coarse-Less steep
If Saturated very gentle |
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Term
| What are five reasons a angle would fall. |
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Definition
| earthquakes, vegetation removal, Heavy Rains, Undercutting or Oversteepening, Plate Motion |
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Term
| How is mass wasting classified? |
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Definition
| Type of motion (flow, fall, slide), Material involved(rock debris), Speed(rapid or slow) |
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Term
| What are eight examples of rapid mass movement? |
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Definition
| Rock fall, Rock slide, rock avalanche, Debris Fall, Debris, slide, Debris avalanche, Debris Slump, Mudflow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is it called when two or more alluvial fans meet? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between a avalanche and a slide? |
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Definition
| An avalanche travels much farther |
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Term
| What is an example of of a rock slide? |
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Definition
| 1963 Uniot Dam, 2200 died |
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Term
| What are two types of slow mass movements? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a creeping tree called? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When grains get wet they expand and move up. When they fall back down they move down the hill. |
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Term
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Definition
| Common in permafrost. Water goes down only some of the way and saturates the ground. Rolls down |
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Term
| What are the percentages of water on earth |
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Definition
Ocean-97.2%
Glaciers-2.15% |
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Term
| What controls a rivers speed? |
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Definition
Gradient-faster=steeper
Channel Characteristics-shape and roughness, size
River Discharge |
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Term
| What is the formula for a rivers discharge? |
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Definition
Q=V*A
As discharge goes up the speed has to go up because area can't go up that much |
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Term
| What are the three ways a river erodes? |
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Definition
| Lifting, Solution, Pot Holing |
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Term
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Definition
| All the stuff being moved by a river? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The largest grain a river can move |
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Term
| What are the three types of river loads? |
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Definition
| Solution load, Suspended load, Bed Load |
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Term
| Describe a suspended load |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Grains roll on the bottom |
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Term
| What are the three types of streams? |
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Definition
| Braided Stream, Straight Stream, Meandering Stream |
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Term
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Definition
| the section of land that the river is erroding or cutting away at |
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Term
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Definition
| The section of the band were the river is depositing |
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Term
| What are the five different shapes a meandering river can create? |
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Definition
| Cutbank, point bar, Cutoff Meander, Oxbow Lake, Flood Plain |
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Term
| What is a stream that tries to merge with a meandering river but can't beacuse of natural leves? |
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Definition
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Term
| What three parts makes up a delta |
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Definition
| topset bed, foreset bed, bottomset bed |
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Term
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Definition
| The sediment that rest on top of the Foreset Beds |
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Term
| Describe the bottomset beds |
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Definition
| The fine material that travels out far into the delta |
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Term
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Definition
| Coarse Grain Material that travels the shortness distance |
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Term
| Describe Gradient Profile. |
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Definition
| A river wants to always have a low profile with no bumps. Also it wants to have a broad valley. It will fill in gaps or erode rock in order to acheive this. |
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Term
| What are the four types of stream valleys? |
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Definition
| V-shape, Broad Valley, U-shape, Entrence Meander |
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Term
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Definition
Youthful eroding stage
ex-Yellow Stone |
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Term
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Definition
Mature, Meandering stream
ex-Lower Half of Mississippi |
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Term
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Definition
Valley carved by glaciars also called glacial through.
ex-Yosemite |
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Term
| Describe Entrence Meander |
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Definition
Land rises as river cuts down. Rare
Grand Canyon |
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Term
| What is trypical of a Natural flood? |
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Definition
| A long flood that is less intense |
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Term
| What is typical of a urban flood. |
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Definition
| More intense over a short time |
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Term
| What are the four regional drawdown examples? |
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Definition
| Venice, everglades, Houston, South Midwest |
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Term
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Definition
| Water erodes away bedrock underground creating a cave. In wintertime the watertable fill the cave so ground is supported. In the summertime the watertable falls and the roof caves in. Common with limestone |
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Term
| Describe Karst Topgraphy? |
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Definition
| Water erodes away at the bedrock and after a long time steep hills are left with smooth valleys. Valleys usually a non penitrable surface. |
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Term
| How much water does a desert get? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much water does a steppe get? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is are where the water table intersects the land's surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the five deserts? |
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Definition
| Subtropical, Continetal Interior, Rain Shadow, Coastal,Polar |
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Term
| Describe a subtropical desert. |
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Definition
Sun heats air on the equator. it rises falls is cooled and dumps its rain. The area where the dry air lands is subtropical 15-30 degree
ex-Austalian Outback |
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Term
| Describe Continetal Interior Deserts? |
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Definition
Air comes from ocean as many times to dumps rain. All dry by the time it reaches
ex-Gobi |
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Term
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Definition
Air fronts pushed up a mountain dumps its rain. On the other side its dry.
ex-Eastern Washington |
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Term
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Definition
Air cools over ocean and dumps rain. Air over land is hot and dry
Atacama |
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Term
| What is desertification and what are its two driving factors? and example |
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Definition
Growth of deserts and its driven by natural and human activities
ex Sahel moving and Sahara move |
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Term
| What is the natural occurrence that drives dertification? |
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Definition
| Global warming started 10,000 years ago |
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Term
| What are the two ways humans drive dertification. |
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Definition
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Term
| How much farmable soil was lost at dust bowl? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the average rainfall bei in 1920s then in 30s? |
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Definition
20s-25 inches up
30s-9-15 inches |
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Term
| What are two ways wind carries load in desert |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process of moving sand by bouncing |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three erosional features of the desert? |
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Definition
| Blow out, Ventifacts, Desert Pavement |
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Term
| What are two ways deserts deposit sand and dust. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the different sides of a sand dune called? |
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Definition
windward slope-slope in wind
Slip Face-side not on wind |
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Term
| What are three water action features in desert? |
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Definition
| Fans/bajadas, Playa lakes/playas, Arroyas |
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Term
| What river valley with vertical walls |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Where are the five places ground water is stored? |
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Definition
| Fractures, caverns, vesicles, spaces between grains, Spaces between strata |
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Term
| What are the two factors that determine water's storing capability? |
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Definition
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Term
| Define permeability and its factors |
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Definition
a measure of the ease or speed with which water can move from pore to pore
pore size, connectedness |
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Term
| What materials make up an aquifer and is it good for a well? |
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Definition
sand, gravel, sandstone, limestone
good for well |
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Term
| What materials make up an aquitard and is it good for a well? |
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Definition
clay, shale, massive igneous and metaphoric rocks
bad for wells |
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Term
| What iis it called when you pump out water faster then it recharges? |
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Definition
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