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| 2 things that animation needs.... |
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1 - Illusion of motion
2 - physical presence |
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| 1,440 fps (frames per second) |
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| 1 minute of VIDEO (30 fps) |
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| 1,800 fps (frames per second) |
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| cartoons like Scooby-doo with a still background and moving characters in the forefront |
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| drawing that is pretty much like tracing over real images and footage. |
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| examples include "The Nightmare before Christmas" |
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"Animals in motion"
and
"Humans in motion"
two very important published books because they are still used today as an animators reference |
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| The Humorous Phases of Funny Faces |
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by J. Stuart Blackton
It was the first animated film. |
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by Windsor McKay
this was the first animated character with human personality traits |
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by Disney
it was the first animated film with synchronized sound |
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| Invention by Disney that gave depth to animations. |
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| produced effects for 1970's TV and film... it was also the first analog video computer |
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| The 1st movie to use computer generated imagery (CGI) |
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| 1st movie to use 3D graphics |
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| 1st movie that used CGI in the environment with the actors |
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| 1st movie with photorealistic CGI |
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| 1st movie where stop-motions animators worked with computer animators |
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| 1st computer animated cartoon movie |
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| 1st movies to use realistic computer generated actors |
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| detailed sculptures used in the pre-production process of animation |
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| the process in creating the sculptures in the computer or assembling the 3D objects |
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| lines that digitally trace in CPU using shapes. (building blocks for models) |
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| a flat image that wraps around a sculpture to add more dimension. it makes it more realistic. |
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| where start and end positions are created... the computer creates the movement between the two points by filling in the spaces |
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| recording a human performance to use as part of the animation process |
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| points in a 3D space that are animated based on physics |
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| converting 3D data to 2D data (is the most time consuming) |
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| a network of computers used simultaneously to render |
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| layering separate rendered images of computer graphics with live action |
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Cuts the computer generated character into the scene to make it look like they’re there, trims the character to make him fit dimensionally, frame by frame
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ARPANET
(advanced research project agency) |
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| 4 university computers connected to the internet in southwest US in 1969 and it was government funded. |
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| domain name system (replaces the IP address with a name instead of a numbers) |
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(hyper text transfer proto-call)
used for HTML sites
and has ONE way communication |
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(file transfer proto-call)
online file sharing
TWO way communication |
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| ended the sponsorship of the government funded internet use in 1995. the limitation of commercial use ends. |
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| amount of data per second |
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| the foundation of most LANs |
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| fixed at a resolution (TIFF ; BMP ; GIF ; PNG) |
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| compresses into a smaller file |
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drawn using math formulas to resize the image without losing any of its original quality...
EPS , CAD , and animation software |
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wav : microsoft
AIFF : apple
BOTH of these contain raw audio data |
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| PCM (pulse code modulation) |
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Definition
- sample rate = 44.1kHz (CD standard)
- quantization = 16 bit (CD standard) |
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AVI (audio video interleave) <Microsoft>
ASF (advanced system format) <Microsoft>
MOV (quicktime movie format) <Apple>
VOB (video object) <DVD>
MP4 <MPEG Organization> |
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| compresses data for either hardware or software |
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| Common standards for encoding / decoding AUDIO |
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MPEG
WMA (windows media audio)
AC3 (Dolby)
DTS |
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| Common standards for encoding / decoding VIDEO |
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Definition
MPEG
WMV (Windows media video)
True-motion VP7 (Flash) |
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designed for 352 X 240 resolution @ 30fps
used in progressive video |
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| breaks sound into 576 frequency components. Up to 48kHz sample rate in stereo |
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| works on the principles that we hear certain frequencies better than others... when sounds occur, we mostly perceive the louder sound. |
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| handles interlaced and progressive encoding and was designed for NTSC (480i) |
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| interactivity... scalable for internet and broadcast... supports multi-channel (like surround sound) |
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| software that allows for synchronizing elements of a multimedia project without knowing code. (iWeb) |
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distinguished by different colored "books"
CD-DA (digital audio) is RED book
original standard CD held 650MB but todays CDs hold up to 700MB |
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| DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) Media |
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Definition
books differ by letter
(DVD Video is book B)
DVD can hold up to 17.9GB |
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| used to control movie release dates across different continents. |
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| CD (780nM) and DVD (650nM) |
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track recorded from center to outside of disc.
When laser changes = 1
when laser does NOT change = 0 |
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25GB per layer
it supports 1080p and additional video and audio formats |
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| first to record to the phonograph (invented by Thomas Edison) in 1887. Used a 78rpm flat disc. |
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| created in 1935 in Germany... it used magnetic tape to record. The magnetic tape was just iron oxide particles "glued" to tape |
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| brought the magnetophone to the USA |
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| 1st to use tape for productions... which became the standards by the 1950's |
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| developed the 1st multi-track tape recorder with Ampex |
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| handles business arrangements for artists during sessions |
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| responsible for the creative process |
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| responsible for the technical aspects |
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| Facility staff... responsible for making a session run smoothly (AKA the 2nd Engineer) |
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| manages the studio and the clients |
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| handles business and payroll |
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| makes copies, vacuums, makes coffee... basically anything that needs to get done around the studio. |
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| (Artists and Repertoire) locate and develop artists. Kind of like a talent scout. |
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| the most critical part of a project that ensures everything is set up and ready for use. |
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| Recording the core elements of a song |
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| adding new material to something that was already recorded... (could be vocals, guitar solos, or backup vocals) |
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| Blending all the sounds together |
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| preparing mix masters for various format releases. |
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uses 3 conductors
eliminates interference
used professionally |
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uses 2 conductors
"prosumer" |
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| the level between maximum level and nominal level |
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| the levels between nominal level and noise floor level (the lowest) |
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I/O
(input-output module) |
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| Sets levels for MTR and receives signals from MTR |
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global control over I/O's
has a talk back system (mic into booth)
has the master fader |
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| allows for effects to run through the console |
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| is like the studios central nervous system |
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