Term
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Definition
| The branch of bio that deals with microorganisms |
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Term
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Definition
- Primitive cells with no internal membranes
- Single chromosome
- No sterols
- 70s ribosomes
- replicate by binary fission
- no membrane bound organelles
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Term
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Definition
- Complex cells with internal membranes
- Multiple chromosomes
- Sterols present in plasma membrane
- 80s ribosomes
- mitochondria, ER, golgi apparatus, lysosomes
- Mitosis and Meiosis
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Term
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Definition
- Rickettsia and chlamydia
- mycoplasma
- Gram (+) and (-) cocci and rods
- Prokaryotic
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Term
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Definition
- Eukaryotic
- Cell walls have chitin
- unicellular fungi = yeasts
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Term
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Definition
- Eukaryotic
- Unicellular
- lack cell wall
- some are pathogenic for man
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Term
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Definition
- Acellular
- has protein coat (capsid) that surrounds the nucleic acid
- Binds to specific receptors on host cells
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Term
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Definition
- The microbe must be present in every case of the disease
- The microbe must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture
- the disease must be reproduced when a pure culture is introduced into a non-diseased susceptible host
- The microbe must be recoverable from an experimentall infected host
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Term
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Definition
- Make an observation
- Develop hypothesis
- Experiment
- Collect data, results obtained
- Results verified, conclusion drawn
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Term
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Definition
| they are everywhere and are part of normal flora |
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Term
| normal flora/ indigenous microbiota |
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Definition
| occupy all body surfaces, all organs should be sterile |
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Term
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Definition
- Lives on or in another life form
- may or may not harm the host
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Term
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Definition
- fungi that live on skin or dead organic matter
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Term
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Definition
- An organism which has the capacity to cause disease
- Cause disease in suseptible host
- A..k.A. true pathogens, primary pathogens, frank pathogens, strict pathogens
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of a microorganism to cause disease |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree of pathogenicity or the likelihood of causing disease |
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Term
| Host-Parasite Relationships |
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Definition
- Majority don't resulth in overt disease
- Infection remains latent
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Term
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Definition
| an organism which lives on or within another organism from which it derives benefit but neither injures nor benefits |
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Term
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Definition
| a relationship between two or more organisms which is mutually beneficial |
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Term
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Definition
| an organism which does not usually cause disease in individual with host defense systems but which can cause disease in immunocompromised individuals |
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Term
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Definition
| Positive bacterial interaction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Advantages/Disadvantages of Normal Flora |
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Definition
Ad- Prevention of colonization by potential pathogens Dis- Opportunistic infections |
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Term
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Definition
- Exposure
- Contamination
- Infection
- Disease
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Term
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Definition
| Multiplication of microorganisms in the body |
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Term
| Transmission of Microorganisms |
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Definition
- Direct contact
- Indirect
- Fecal-Oral
- Injection, wound, bite
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Term
| Steps for Infectious Microorganisms |
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Definition
- Attachment/entry
- Local/general spread
- Multiplication
- Evasion of host defenses
- Shedding from the body
- Cause damage to host
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Term
| Iceberg Concept of Disease |
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Definition
Exposure- no infection asymptomatic infection- no disease Mild disease Classical disease
5 Death (As you go up the pyramid ) |
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Term
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Definition
- Degree of pathosensitivity
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Term
| Pathogenic Properties of Bacteria |
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Definition
- Produce toxic proteins (exotoxins)
- Endotoxin of gram (-) walls
- Cell-wall molecules which enhance attachment of bacteria to surfaces
- Capsules which allow bacteria to avoid phagocytosis
- Survival in phagocytic cells
- Ability to grow intracellularly
- Ablility to invade and spread
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Term
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Definition
- Requires a receptor and an adhesin
- Receptors
- Bacterial adhesions- usully protein
- Viral attachment proteins
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of mo's to invade human tissues |
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Term
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Definition
- Protect from phagocytosis
- Outermost part of the cell
- Bacillus anthracis capsule (protein causes anthrax)
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Term
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Definition
- Bacterial endotoxin- LPS cell wall of gram (-) bacteria
- Exotoxins- released by growing cells in both gram+ and -
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Term
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Definition
- LPS- has no protein, its responsible for the toxicity
- Stable to heating
- Clinical outcome- shock or death
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Term
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Definition
- Protein
- Relased extracellulary
- Both gram + and - bacteria
- hightly toxic
- Cytotoxins- kill cells
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