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Quiz 1 Nerves
Quiz 1 Lecture on 10/7 from Study Guide Class #3 TB pp. 404-430
20
Science
Undergraduate 1
10/07/2011

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Term
Where does the sensory information enter?
Definition
The dorsal roots
Term
Where does the motor information exit?
Definition
The ventral roots
Term
True or Flase
All Spinal Neres are Mixed; meaning having both sensory and mortor pathways.
Definition
TRUE
Term
When the nerve is still in the spinal column, are they mixed?
Definition
No. Within the Spinal Column, the CNS, the nerves are EITHER sensory (dorsal) or motor (ventral)
Term
True or Flase
All Cranial Nerves are mixed, both sensory and motor.
Definition
FALSE
Only SOME of the cranial nerves are mixed.
Term
Spinal Nerve Roots have 2 divisions. Name them. TB pp 429-430
Definition
Ventral and Dorsal Roots
Every Spinal Nerve is attached to the spinal cord by these roots.
Term
Describe Ventral Root
Definition
Located in the Front of the Spinal Column.
Receive Sensory Information.
Term
Describe Dorsal Root
Definition
Located in the Front of the Spinal Column.
Send Motor Information.
Term
Define Reflex
Definition
A fast, Involuntary action in response to a stimulus.
It is the simplest form of integration.
Some are Innate - natural and born with, however most are learned.
Term
Define Interneurons
Definition
Located only in the CNS.
They connect sensory neurons with motor neurons.
They connect ascending tracts with descending tracts.
Term
Nerves
TB 404
Definition
Bundles of axons in the PNS
All spinal nerves and many cranial nerves are mixed; meaning having both motor and sensory neurons
Term
Tracts
Definition
Nerves within the CNS. Bundles of axons in the CNS.
Most Tracts contain fibers going in ONE direction; ascending or decending
Term
Myelin
TB 409
Definition
Made of glial cells. Contains a large lipid content contributing to white appearance.
Multilayered glial wrappings that speed up electrical impulses, and prevent "short circuits."
Wraps around axons and most neurons.
Each glial cell only wrapes a small portion of an axon - there are gaps.
The electrical impulses go even faster when "jumping" the unmyelinated gaps.
Term
White and Grey Matter
TB 411
Definition
White Matter = Myelinated wrapped portion of axons
Grey Matter = Unmyelinated portion of axons - creating gaps
Term
Schwann
Definition
Glia cells in the PNS that make myelin
(hint: Think Swans have wings like appendages. Appendages are found in the PNS)
Term
Oliogodendrites
Definition
Means, "little trees"
Glia cells in the CNS that make myelin
Term
Multiple Scerosis
Definition
A progressive Autoimmune disease that causes progressive destruction of myelin sheath in CNS.
This disease slows the nerve impulse conduction.
"Multiple" = affects multiple areas of the PNS; "Sclerosis" = hardening, plaque forming, brittleness
Term
What is the the shortest pathway from a stimulus to a predictable response?
Definition
A Reflex
Term
Name the 7 steps of a Reflex:
Definition
1. Stimulus - any change in the environment (internal and external)
2. Sensory Receptors are stimulated - a dendrite
3. Sensory Neuron - conducts a nerve impulse toward (afferent) the CNS's Dorsal Root
4. Integration Center - The CNS (can just be the spinal cord. The sensory neurons communicates with interneurons to motor neurons.
5. Motor Neurons - Ventral Root. Cariies impulse away (efferent) from CNS to an effector.
6. Effector - a muscle or a gland
7. Response - Muscle contracts or relaxes; Gland secretes or stops secreting.
Term
What is the main function of the nervous system?
Definition
Stimulus - Integration - Response
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