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Qualitative Analysis of Anions
Examples of confirmatory tests for commonly encountered anions
30
Chemistry
Intermediate
06/26/2020
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Term
Reagent/s for PO43-
 Definition
Ammonium molybdate
Term
Visible Result for PO43-
 Definition
MoO4 (yellow ppt)
Term
Reagent/s for SO42-
 Definition
BaCl2
Term
Reagent/s for CrO42- (yellow solution)
 Definition
HNO3 or H2SO4
Term
Visible result for CrO42- (yellow solution)
 Definition
Yellow to orange solution
(Formation of Cr2O72- = orange)
Term
Visible result for SO42-
 Definition
BaSO4 (white ppt)
Term
Reagent for SO32-
 Definition
H2O2 and BaCl2
Term
Visible result for SO32-
 Definition

BaSO4 (white ppt)

(Oxidized to SO42- by addition of H2O2 and white precipiate upon addition of BaCl2)
Term
Reagent/s for CO32-
 Definition
Ca(OH)2
Term
Visible result for CO32-
 Definition
CaCO3 (s) (white ppt)
Term
Reagent/s for S2-
 Definition
Pb(OAc)2
Term
Visible result for S2-
 Definition
PbS (black ppt)
Term
Reagent/s for S2O32-
 Definition
HNO3 or H2SO4
Term
Visible result for S2O32-
 Definition
S(s) (yellow ppt)
Term
Reagent/s for C2O42-
 Definition
CaCl2 or Ca(NO3)2
Term
Visible result for C2O42-
 Definition
CaC2O4 (s) (white ppt)
Term
Reagent/s for NO3-
 Definition
FeSO4 in H2SO4
Term
Visible result for NO3-
 Definition
Fe(NO)2+ (brown ring)
Term
Reagent/s for OAc-
 Definition
EtOH, heat
Term
Visible result for OAc-
 Definition
from sour to CH3COOCH2CH3 (sweet smell)
Term
Reagent/s for CNS-
 Definition
Fe(NO3)3, source of Fe3+
Term
Visible result for CNS-
 Definition
FeSCN2+ (blood red solution)
Term
Reagent/s for Cl-
 Definition
HCl and AgNO3, followed by NH3
Term
Visible result/s for Cl-
 Definition
AgCl(s) (white ppt), then dissolution upon addition of NH3
Term
Reagent/s for Br-
 Definition
Any oxidizing reagent, followed by nonpolar solvent
Term
Visible result/s for Br-
 Definition

Orange non-polar solvent layer

(Br- oxidizes to Br2, then dissolves in nonpolar solvent, forming layer)
Term
Visible result for I-
 Definition

Purple non-polar solvent layer

(I- oxidizes to I2, then dissolves in nonpolar solvent, forming layer)
Term
Reagent/s for MnO4-
 Definition
Na2C2O4 
Term
Visible result for MnO4-
 Definition

Decolorized solution 

(from purple to 2Mn2+(aq) (almost colorless, pale pink))
Term
Reagent/s for I-
 Definition
Any oxidizing agent, followed by non-polar solvent
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