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1dirve theroy
2Incentive theory |
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something inside (like hunger) that pushes you for a period of time
-used to be only thing to explain motives |
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| see something out side youself and its good enough to want it- it attracts you |
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| people take certain actions to either decrease or increase levels of arousal. When arousal levels get too low, for example, a person might watch and exciting movie or go for a jog. When arousal levels get too high, on the other hand, a person would probably look for ways to relax |
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| change sensory world by eliminating senses |
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if stimulated/shocked you will start to eat
if damaged you will stop eating |
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if stimulated you mill stop eating
if damaged you will start eating |
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Food as concept file
Growing teinterest of food
Hunger factoids
Internal vs External control
Set point-alters hunger
Endorphins
Carbohydrates
Serotonin and depression
Mood food
Stress- makes us eat more
Social factors-eat with others
Preferences and aversions
Words
Images
Connections
Algorithms
Food and fast foodis complicated social stuff |
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Serotonin and depression
Mood food
Stress |
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Drives->sex
what thing is a drive influenced by |
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| sex drive is hormonally influenced |
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-gender is whith the iniivdual
gender is with the individual
and not the context
concrete operations thinking
gender is with a man or woman person not a context
gener is par impartiatl in different context gender does not change |
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Henry A Murray
1893 -1988 biochemistry MD History |
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capable of translating freud for medical psychology
translated in explaining meidically oriented psychologically
wrote the need for achievement |
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| 4,5-8yrs- gender stability- |
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gender has outcomes ,gender has consequences , preoperational thinking
male child recognizes that the outcome could that he could be a father- she is a female – it has a fixed outcome –or stability
kindergarden |
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| an awareness of gender differences-unidimentional classification |
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developmental stages of sex typing
How a sense of gender gets translated into a gender role over time |
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How a sense of gender gets translated into a gender role over time
1st gender identity 3
2ndgender stabilty 3-8
3rd 6-7 gender constancy |
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concept file of a female child have a similar
child is picking up interested information |
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| ---freud- 8identification- how the child identifies with the world by coping a same sex parent |
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| 9 male child models the the action of a man if a boy and a mom is a girl |
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concept file of a female child have a similar
child is picking up interested information |
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| 3 different sex typing views |
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social learning
psychoanlytic view
cognitive view |
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| how does one follow a gender role |
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| gender role is like a script of a play is you drop the script you drop the role and become playful |
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| 7sense of gender/gender identity is made by |
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sense of gender->develops (translates) into gender role through sex typing
sex typing_--→ gender role=sex role |
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| a concept file is made and is stored in the brain in the form of emotional energy (libido) freud introduced this idea |
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Th high achieve need” porson works well with delayed reward
it is the tendency to choose a intermediate task because more will be learned through understanding what might be the cause of success
difficult task=failure
easy task=not enough thought Easy task –learn nothing about their ability
A hard task they fail no feedback |
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| how is achiement need obatined |
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learned through independence at an early age
-high school grades are a perfect example |
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| how is achievement need measured |
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| Thematic Apprreciation test |
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| Thematic Apprreciation test |
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focus on somehting and tell it's story
content of the story is what's on the mind
--apprehension of concern in picture |
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| A high need to achieve and a high fear of failure leads to |
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| low need to achieve and a low fear of failure leads to |
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| reckless and erratic behavior |
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| during sympathetic activation |
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–a state linked with motivation
-the results of not having the appropriate amount of information to deal with the perceived circumstances |
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| This achievement need is a combination of two opposing need systems |
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The need to achieve (+)
The fear of failure (-) |
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| example of state of activation |
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| punchline of joke shifts you into activation |
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| when you are calm changes in the peripheral nervous system pns) |
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| when you have too little information |
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| -not having the right information to deal with the perceived circumstancesinformation has a balance---not enough information- google overload of information |
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| if we succeed we will be unlike our peers |
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| emotional activation pupils dialate |
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| adrenal gland produces these two neurotransmitters |
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| what is happening to you mind when there is too adrenal gland activity |
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too much emotional activity
may hurt regulation in adrenal gland |
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| darwin wrote the expressions man has |
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people overexpress emotions in frowning smiling, pupil dialation
crainal nerves clusters of neurons |
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| certain clusters of neurons that activate to overexpress emotions |
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| increase almost as constsitantly in temp in proportion to one another |
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| where two goals with negative aspect approach you and you try to avoid them |
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| during the alarm stages certain things happen |
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-sympathetic dominance
adrenalin- is an impure form of epinephrine
during adrenalin- your muscles work more actively during the alarm stage
-with a maximum physiological response
alarm stage –funny when person on AFV falls off roof with the antenna
-overexpression- are you having a bad day |
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when over expression stage gets uncoupled from psychology
-continued
-calm existence
drop in white blood cell count |
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time course to stress
failure mode
-highest probability of death |
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| It is more important to know what kind of person has the disease than what disease they have |
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Competitive
Seek recognition and advancement
Alert effient
Competent
Red
Hostile
Anxious
High blood pressure
Stroke and heart attack prone |
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| is more energetically efficient –if a disaster happens he or she will be energetically efficient |
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| Life changes affect stress? |
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| change isn’t good for stress- |
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| the stress measuring test taking into account |
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| The number of times something has happened in the last months times corresponds to the # of points of the score |
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| two types micro stressors and hassles --not appreciated by those around you- you only see them |
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| -you are already carrying a lot of stress, so you hit the ground hard when a minor stress hits you |
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| load of inconveniences indayly life increases as you have more tasks to switch between |
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| a real or imagined barrier that stops you from achieving a goal |
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| someday I want to be somebody- |
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you are putting the words “someday” and “somebody” in the way,
-don’t know what day or who you want to be, so you can’t achieve that goal |
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conflict-> rationalization- basically lying to yourself- I never really liked that anyway to limit choices
by lying to self you can reduce the number of goals by saying that one doesn’t matter |
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| approach avoidance conflict- |
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you are drawn to a goal by positive and repelled by negative
as you are drawn to goal the positive parts seem to disappear and the negative parts seem to become more prominent |
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| learned behaviors that deal with stress |
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| aggression, increased responding, escape and avoidance, depression stress,is acquired or learned an over response you make , because we might get what we wanting sort term when we are aggressive |
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heuristic that frustration tells brain to try harder repeatedly to find solution
try it 8 more times maybe it’ll work |
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is a consequence of repeated conflict and frustration with little success
immediate consequence induces a different response –will only stop aggression |
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| chronic discomfort and illness- |
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discomfort tenses up the muscles discomfort because of back muscles being in a state of contraction
we describe world-pain in the neck pain in the back pain in the @$$
--Physical mechanical balance- when does it break |
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| have less of a panicked response to the same strain of virus that Stressed people have |
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| high stressed people vs immune system |
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| have more of a hopeless response to disease than low stressed people do |
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| PYY decreases food intake by inhibiting gut motility. It acts as an "ileal brake" to cause a sense of satiety. |
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-Thurst intervening variable
-hunger |
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| thurst is controled by which part of the brain |
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Internal vs External control
Set point-alters hunger
Endorphins
Carbohydrates
Serotonin and depression
Mood food
Stress- makes us eat more
Social factors-eat with others
Preferences and aversions
Words
Images
Connections
Algorithms
Food and fast foodis complicated social stuff |
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| what does a filling meal usually contain more of? |
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| leptin hunger hormone does? |
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slowly acts to repress appetite- without it you wont know how to stop eating
Leptin helps signal the brain that the body has enough energy stores such as body fat.
the more fat you have the more leptin you have in your blood |
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is correlated with the memory of food and usually is present in the blood stream 30 min before you eat
-is a learned stimulation of appetite
-comes from stomach |
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A collection of neurons (nerve cells) in the hypothalamus of the brain
involved with grelin leptin and pyy |
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| glucose, lipds, amino acids |
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| fructose is invisble to body because |
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| brain an't read it directly while it is in the liver |
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| factors that enerize direct or sustain behaviors |
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| when you experience sensory deporvation |
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| helucinate because brain needs to fill in for missing experience |
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attempt to seek a balence between the + and - aspects
if you are hungry you let the cost make you feel like it's not worth being hungry meaning that you elimate the conflict |
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| hunger intervenes psychologically |
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need a strong base to move up in ablity
take intro of psych before the 300 level research methods class |
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| neurotransmitter that helps one calm down |
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