Term
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Definition
Adenine and Guanine
Cytosine, Thymine and Uracil |
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Term
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Definition
| phosphorylated nucleosides, they have high energy bonds (Anhydride) |
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Term
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Definition
| 3'c of one nucleotide linked to a 5'C of another |
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Term
|
Definition
5' cal and poly A tail
extensive base pairing
cloverleaf structure with unusual nucleotides and anticodon |
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Term
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Definition
| [A=T or U] & [G=C] compositional ratio |
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Term
| Major and minor grooves are where? |
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Definition
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Term
| Base Stacking- How are things oriented with in the strand? |
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Definition
| bases on the inside, sugars in the middle, phosphates on the outside. (free o2 gives - charge) |
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Term
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Definition
| right-handed, 3.4 A, 10.4 bp/turn |
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Term
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Definition
more compact, DNA/RNA hybrid, 2.3 A, 11 bp/turn
ZigZag, left handed, 3.8A, 2 bp/turn |
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Term
| AZT (Zidovudine) does what? |
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Definition
| It is an analogue of deoxythymine but lacks 3'OH so it can't be incorporated into the DNA. (AIDS) |
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Term
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Definition
| Analogue of Uracil and Thymine, used in chemo-therapies and Inhibits Thymine synthesis. |
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Term
Human haploid cells have _ autosomes and _ sex chromosome.
Diploid cells have _ autosomes and _ or_. |
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Definition
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Term
| DNA is wound around _ to form _. |
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Definition
| Histone proteins, nucleosomes. |
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Term
Histone is? and Made of what?
How much DNA is wrapped around it? |
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Definition
Small basic proteins with Arginine and Lysine.
2 molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4.
These for the core and 140 bp. |
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Term
|
Definition
| joins one nucleosome to the next (bead on a string) |
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Term
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Definition
| precursor of rRNA. Remove internal segments of themselves, splicing ends together. |
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Term
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Definition
~1000 copies of TTAGGG added by telomerase enzyme.
Helps stop shortening of the end of a chromosome due to replication. |
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Term
| SNRP (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein) |
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Definition
| splicing and modification reactions |
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Term
| hnRNA (heterogeneous nuclear RNA) |
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Definition
| pre-mRNA before processing |
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Term
| Prokayotic Ribosomes and subunits |
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Definition
| 70s - 50s (5s) + 30s (16s) |
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Term
| Eukaryotic Ribosome and subunits |
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Definition
80s = 60s (5s) + 40s (18s)
mitochondrial ribosomes similiar to prok. |
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Term
Prokaryotic mRNA
Shine Dalgarno |
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Definition
polycstronic - multiple genes
before every coding region |
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Term
Eukaryotic mRNA
5' cap and Poly A tail |
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Definition
monocistronic - single gene
(Methylated guanosine cap) added post transcritionally |
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Term
| Modified nucleotides of tRNA |
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Definition
| pseudouridine, dihydrouridine and ribothymidine |
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