Term
| What classes of drugs are the bronchodilators? |
|
Definition
| sympathomimetics, anticholinergics and methylxanthines |
|
|
Term
| what classes of drugs are the anti-inflammatories? |
|
Definition
| CCS, LTRA, and Mast Cell Stabilzers |
|
|
Term
| The sympathomimetics include are_____ and include_____ |
|
Definition
| Beta agonists including the SABAs: albuterol, levalbuterol (xopenex), Pirbuterol(Maxair) and LABAs: Salmeterol and Famoterol, given in combo with Fluticasone-Salmeterol (Advair) and Budesonide-Famoterol (Symbicort) |
|
|
Term
| Which class of medication should be used to prevent EIB? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug class has asthma efficacy of about 50% and is used for COPD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug has coffee like actions? |
|
Definition
| Methyxanthines-Theophylline |
|
|
Term
| What are the key serum concentrations for the methylxanthanes? as far as SE's are concerned? |
|
Definition
10-20 mcg/mL: N/V/D, HA, INSOMNIA
>20 mcg/mL: Irritability and tremor
>35 mcg/mL: hyperglycemia, CArrhythmias, convulsions/seizures, brain damage. |
|
|
Term
| Which class of drugs should you rinse after use and why? |
|
Definition
| Corticosteroids to reduce local side effects. |
|
|
Term
| Corticosteroids (do/do not) have direct dilatory action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Target therapeutic range for methylxanthines are_____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which group of medications has side effects such as fluid/electrolyte atlerations, glucose intolerance, muscle wasting, weakness, fat accumulation, cataracts, osteoporosis, decreased bone growth, bruising? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which medications are used for acute asthma therapy? |
|
Definition
| SABAs, AChs, systemic CCs |
|
|
Term
| Which medications are used for moderate-severe exacerbation in the ER setting? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs, when combined with SABAs, are used for mod-severe exacerbations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which SABA is being removed from the market? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| levalbuterol(xopenex) has (better/same/poorer) efficacy compared to albuterol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Levalbuterol has 2 delivery systems. which groups should not receive them by those dosage forms? |
|
Definition
Nebulizer, not younger than 6 yo
HFA, not younger than 4 yo |
|
|
Term
| albuterol is available in what dosage forms? |
|
Definition
| tabs, aerosol, solutions and syrup |
|
|
Term
| which brand name of albuterol is available as solution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pirbuterol (maxair) should not be used in patients _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs are the SABAs? |
|
Definition
| Albuterol, Levalbuterol, Pirbuterol |
|
|
Term
| Which drugs are the anticholinergics? |
|
Definition
Ipratroprium(Atrovent)
Ipratropium + Albuterol (Combivent)
Tiotropium (Spiriva) |
|
|
Term
| Which anticholinergic is only indicated for COPD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what dosage forms are the Ach's available? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs are the oral Corticosteroids? |
|
Definition
Methylpredinisolone (Medrol)
Prednisolone (ORapred)
Prednisone |
|
|
Term
| When assessing the severity of asthma, what are the "zone" percentages of management after admin of a SABA? What is it based off of? |
|
Definition
Green 80-100%
Yellow: 50-80%
Red: <50%
Based on PEF. |
|
|
Term
| What are the medications used for long-term control of asthma? |
|
Definition
| Corticosteroids (inhaled and systemic), LABAs, LTRAs, Mast Cell Stabilizers, Immunomodulators and Methylxanthines |
|
|
Term
| What are the alternate therapies for Chronic, mild-persistent asthma? |
|
Definition
| LTRA, Mast Cell Stabilizers, and methylxanthines |
|
|
Term
| in chronic asthma, what are the possible adjunct therapies to ICS? |
|
Definition
| LTRAs, Immunomodulators, and methylxanthines |
|
|
Term
| Immunomodulators may be used in patients over_____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Methylxanthines, in chronic tx, may be used in PTs over_____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs are most potent and consistent for long-term chornic asthma control? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the ICS used for chronic tx? how often are they dosed? |
|
Definition
| Fluticasone, mometasone, budesonie, beclomethasone, triamcinolone, flunisolide. BID. |
|
|
Term
| ICS, in chronic asthma therapy, have (consistent/variable/ineffective) clinical response |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which drug class are we concerned with side effects like dysphonie, URIs, and growth suppression in children? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which chronic therapy drug is contraindicated for monotherapy? What must they be given with? |
|
Definition
| LABAs. Must be given with ICSs. |
|
|
Term
| LABAs should be used (shortest duration possible to achieve control/up to 3 mos after control is achieved) |
|
Definition
| shortest duration possible |
|
|
Term
| LABA should be used (only when can't be controlled adequately by controller meds/as first line therapy) |
|
Definition
| only when can't maintain adequate control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fluticasone+Salmeterol (Advair)
Budesonie + Famoterol (Symbicort) |
|
|
Term
| the LABAs are (water/lipid soluble) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With which medications are we concerned with SEs such as tachycardia, hypokalemia, tremor and QT prolongation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs interact with nonselective beta blockers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (serum glucose/serum albumin/serum calcium) should be monitored with LABAs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In adjunct thereapy to ICS, for PTs under 12, ____ may be used, whereas ____ are preferred over age 12. |
|
Definition
| LTRAs for under, LABAs for over. |
|
|
Term
| What drugs are the LTRAs? |
|
Definition
montelukast-singulair
zafirlukast-accolate |
|
|
Term
| ______ bioavailability is reduced 40% with food |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Montelukast is available in what dosage forms? |
|
Definition
| chewable tabs, granule packets, and tabs. |
|
|
Term
| zafirlukast is available in what dosage forms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signs and symptoms of hepatic injury, as well as LFT function, should be monitored for what drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug is the immunomodulator? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Omalizumab is only for patients _____ (age group) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which drug binds to circulating IgE and decreases mast cell mediator release? |
|
Definition
| Omalizumab (xolair) immunomodulator |
|
|
Term
| Omalizumab is available in what dosage form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which medication has ADRs of bruising at the injection site? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which drug may have anaphylaxis as an ADR? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Theophylline's brand names? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tachycardia, tachyarrhythmias, seizures, hyperglycemia and hyperkalemia may be seen in____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Theophylline interacts with______ |
|
Definition
| BZDs, Nonsel BBs, cimetidine, isoniazid |
|
|
Term
| theophylline is available as________ |
|
Definition
| liquid, SR tabs, capsules |
|
|
Term
| Which drugs are the mast Cell stabilizers? |
|
Definition
Cromolyn (NasalCrom, OTC)
Nedocromil (Alocril) |
|
|
Term
| Which chronic medication has very poor kinetcs? |
|
Definition
| Omalizumab (Xolair): low absorption, long t1/2, 1 wk to peak. |
|
|
Term
| Cromolyn and Nedocromil are available as what dosage forms? |
|
Definition
Cromolyn (Nasalcrom)-MDI, nebulizer
Nedocromil-MDI |
|
|
Term
| which drug has taste as an ADR? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the pretreatments for EIB? |
|
Definition
SABA before exercise; lasts 2-3 hrs
LTRAs 1-2 hrs in advance
wear a mask, scar when warming up |
|
|
Term
| poorly managed asthma in pregnancy may result in____ |
|
Definition
| birth defets, preeclampsia, premature labor |
|
|
Term
| what is the preferred class and specific drug for pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For surgery PTs, what class of meds may be used short term? |
|
Definition
|
|
