Term
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Definition
| learning or speech disorder characterized by inability to perform simple arithmetic operations, typ disease or injury to parietal lobe |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to recognize or comprehend sights, sounds, words, or other sensory info (as in auditory agnosia, etc) |
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Definition
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Definition
| partial or complete loss or suppression of muscle movement |
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Definition
| loss of ability to understand written or printed words |
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Term
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Definition
| organ or tissue transplanted from another genetically dissimilar member of same species |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of power to speak distinctly from neural lesion or muscular defect |
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Definition
| inability to remember names of objects |
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Term
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Definition
| the apparent denial or unawareness of one's own neurological defect |
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Term
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Definition
| flexion injury to c-spine causing damage to ant cords or vascular supply from ant spinal artery; motor loss corticospinal, sensory loss ant/lat spinothalamic (crude touch & pressure) |
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Term
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Definition
| absence or impairment of the ability to communicate by speech, writing or signs b/c of brain disfunction |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to perform purposeful movements although there is no sensory or motor impairment |
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Term
| astereognosis (tactile agnosia) |
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Definition
| inability to distinguish objects by sense of touch |
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Term
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Definition
| lack or loss of strength; debility; any weakness but esp 1 originating in muscular or cerebellar disease |
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Term
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Definition
| defective muscular coordination, esp that manifested when voluntary movements are attempted |
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Term
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Definition
| slow, irregular, twisting & voluntary movements in UEs |
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Term
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Definition
| hemisection of spinal cord with paralysis, loss of position & vibratory sense & ataxia on same side of body as lesion, loss of pain & temp sensitivity on opp side |
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Term
| bulbocavernosus reflex/ "Osinski reflex"(positive) |
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Definition
| test for spinal shock & state of SCI;monitor anal sphincter contraction in response to squeezing glans penis or clitoris or tugging on Foley |
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Term
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Definition
| bundle of nerves below end of spinal cord;damaged periph nerve injury with same potential recovery as other PNS lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| typ hyperextension injury c-spine; typ more involvement UE than LE, sensory typ less affected than motor |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary dancing or writhing of the limbs or facial muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| type of athetosis freq seen in CP, marked by extreme ROM, jerkyy involuntary movements that are more proximal than distal & muscle tone hypo>hyper -tonia |
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Term
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Definition
| spasmodic alternation of muscular contractions between antagonistic muscle groups caused by hyperactive stretch reflex from UMN lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| test to see how fast elec signals move through nerve; done with electromyography to assess muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| behavioral reaction to memory loss, pt unconsciously fills memory gaps with inappropriate words or fabricated ideas, often in great detail |
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Term
| coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) |
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Definition
| shunt that permits blood to travel from aorta or internal mammary artery to a branch of coronary artery at a point past obstruction;typ opening chest & sternum, spreading ribs, use of heart/lung oxygenation |
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Term
| coronary artery disease (CAD) |
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Definition
| narrowing or coronary arteries, usually result of atherosclerosis; most common cause of death; if blockages limit flow of blood to myocardium, ischemia or infarction of heart muscle may occur |
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Term
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Definition
| injury to brain opp side of primary injury |
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Term
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Definition
| appl'n pressure over pubic symphysis for expulsion of urine for flaccid bladder, esp paralysis after SCI |
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Term
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Definition
| extended arms, pronated forearms, exaggerated DTRs; usually due to brainstem damage |
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Term
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Definition
| flexed arms, clenched fists, extended legs; typ pt has lesion at or above upper brainstem |
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Term
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Definition
| a band or region of skin supplied by a single sensory nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| in a person with focal brain injury, reduction of synaptic activity (& often cerebral blood flow & metabolism) in a part of the brain remote from the injury; often restored w/ rehab or return of blood flow |
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Term
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Definition
| impairments or clumsiness in uttering of words due to disease of oral, lingual or pharyngeal muscles; diff to understand but no evidence of aphasia |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to make calculations as from learning disability orstroke |
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Term
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Definition
| impairment in making smooth & rapid alternating movements indicating ataxia (impaired cerebellar function) |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal & unpleasant sensation, e.g. burning, cutting, numbness, etc |
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Term
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Definition
| any disorder char. by uncontrolled or involuntary movements; defect in ability to perform voluntary movement |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to control range of movement |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to swallow or difficulty swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
| impairment of speech resulting from brain lesion or neurodevelopmental disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| defective or absent muscle tone |
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Term
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Definition
| result of rupture or trauma to cerebral blood vessels, causing abnormal bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal growth of bone in non-skeletal tissues incl muscle, tendons, etc,@ 3x normal rate, leading to jagged painful joints typ. musculoskeletal trauma, SCI, CNS injury |
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Term
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Definition
| excess of muscular or arterial tone or incomplete relaxation |
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Term
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Definition
| blindness of nasal half of visual field of 1 eye & temporal half of other eye; right/left-sided hemianopsia +corresponding sides in both eyes |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary contraction or twitching of muscle fibers, visible under the skin;spontaneous contractions of muscle fibers that do not cause movement at a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| restricted joint movement that limits normal ROM |
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Term
| incomplete lesion of spinal cord |
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Definition
| some sensation/function below point of injury |
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Term
| intracranial pressure (ICP) |
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Definition
| measurement of the pressure of brain tissue & cerebrospinal fluid that cushions & surrounds brain & spinal cord; monitors health of brain after injury |
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Term
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Definition
| stroke caused by diminished blood flow to part. artery in brain due to clot (thrombus)or embolus |
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Term
| level of cognitive function (LOCF) Rancho los Amigos Scale |
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Definition
| scale used to descriibe cognitive & behavioral patterns found in brain injury patients as they recover from injury from I no response to VIII purposeful-appropriate |
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Term
| lower motor neuron syndrome |
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Definition
| flaccid paralysis or paresis, diminished or absent DTRs, no evidence pathological reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of living heart muscle as a result of coronary artery occlusion |
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Term
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Definition
| partial or total excision or resection of a nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| former term for any type of tumor composed of nerve cells; classif now made re: portion of nerve (glioneuroma, neurilemmoma, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| any disease of the nerves; diabetic neuropathy- damage to autonomic motor &/or sensory nerves due to metabolic or vascular derangements in patients w/ longstanding diabetes mellitus |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary back-&-forth or cyclical movements of the eyes. most noticeable when gazing at objects moving by rapidly or at fixed objects in peripheral field of view |
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Term
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Definition
| tetanic spasm in which head & heels are bent backward & body is bowed forward as in strichnine poisoning, tetanus, epilepsy, rabies, severe meningitis |
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Term
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Definition
| the operation or cutting through a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| paralysis of the lower portion of the body & of both legs caused by a lesion of spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal or unpleasant sensation that results from injury to 1 or more nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| any syndrome in which muscle weakness, paresthesias, impaired reflexes & autonomic symptoms in hands & feet |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal, compulsive & inappropriate repetition of words or behaviors; symptom of schizophrenia, diseases of frontal lobes; repetition of rhythmic but meaningless actions, behaviors, movements |
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Term
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Definition
| the sensation that an amputated or missing limb is still attached |
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Term
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Definition
| pain that feels like it's coming from a body part that's no longer there |
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Term
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Definition
| observable swelling of body tissues due to fluid accumulation that may be demonstrated by applying pressure to swollen area (depressing skin w/finger) |
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Term
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Definition
| very rare, affects tracts in posterior cord; loss of proprioception & vibration due to hyperextension/compression injury |
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Term
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Definition
| occurring before the development of disease |
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Term
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Definition
| awareness of posture, movement & changes in equilibrium & knowledge of position, weight, & resistance of objects in relation to the body |
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Term
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Definition
| receptors in joints, muscles & fascia that respond to stimuli originating within the body (pressure, position, stretch) |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to perceive extent, direction or weight of movement |
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Term
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Definition
| emotional outbursts of uncontrolled/exaggerated laughing or crying inconsistent with mood |
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Term
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Definition
| amnesia for events that occurred before a specific precipitant |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical section of a nerve root to relieve pain or reduce spasticity |
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Term
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Definition
| incomp lesion w/ degrees of intact sacral fragments; typ sparing of long ascending/descending tracts, incl rectal proprioception, active sphincter contraction, toe flexion |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to identify any part of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| motor disorder characterized by velocity-dependent increased muscle tone, exaggerated tendon jerks & clonus as the result of UMN lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| transient reflex depression, absence of all reflex activity, flaccidity, loss of sensation below lesion; may last several hours to weeks |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to recognize the form of solid objects by touch |
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Term
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Definition
| hemorrhage below or under arahnoid membrane & above pia mater of brain covering & spinal cord, typ rupture of intracranial aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
| bleeding into the space between dura mater & arachnoid layer, usually result of head injury |
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Term
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Definition
| flexion of distal interphalangeal joints & hyperextension proximal interphalangeal joints, esp rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| actions of 2 or more agents, muscles or organs working with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| primitive movements that dominate reflex & voluntary effort when spasticity is present following CVA |
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Term
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Definition
| passive insufficiency of finger flexors during extension of wrist causes finger flexion; used for functional grip in individuals with C6 injury or above |
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Term
| tetraplegia (quadriplegia) |
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Definition
| paralysis of all 4 extremities secondary to disease/injury of spinal cord (>C3 paralyzes diaphragm) |
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Term
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Definition
| stroke resulting from formation of clot in cerebral arteries or extracranial blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| blood clot that adheres to the wall of a blood vessel or organ, possibly obstructing vessel or organ, preventing flow of blood |
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Term
| transient ischemic attack (TIA or mini-stroke) |
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Definition
| temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| patient's head is low & body/legs are elevated |
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Term
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Definition
| bootlike dressing of LE made of layers of gauze & Unna paste, often for treatment of ulcers of leg |
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Term
| upper motor neuron (UMN) syndrome |
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Definition
| paresis, decrease motor control, hypo/hypertonia, decrease endurance, exaggerated DTRs incl spasticity & clonus, diminished/absent superficial reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
| attempt to forcibly exhale with glottis, nose, mouth closed increase intrathoracic pressure, slow pulse, decrease blood return to heart, increase venous pressure |
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Term
| verbal apraxia (speech apraxia) |
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Definition
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