Topography

Vegetation

Water

 essential for life,

bathe and wash things in this,

help prevent disease

source of fresh water in a desert,

provides natuaral irrigation and fertilization,

produces rich soil,

abundant wildlife which humans can hunt and eat,

produces papyrus,

and makes flat areas for farming

Why wasn't The Jordan River as fertile as the Nile?

pharaohs set up a strong central government,

built great pyramids,

also known as Age of Pyramids

This was Eygpt's 2nd period,

called this because it followed years years of chaos and disunity ,

Eygptians made many great achievements of literature, art, & architecture

often called Eygpt's Golden Age,

time of peace and stability,

Eygpt's power reached its height

ruled 2551-2528 B.C.E,

ruled in Old Kingdom,

best known as builder of a famous pyramid,

kept strict control over Eygpt's food supply,

controlled a large network of government officials who carried out his laws,

emphasized his supreme power by declaring himself a god

Pharaoh Senusret I: Patron of the Arts

ruled from 1971-1926 B.C.E.,

art, literature, and architecture flourished under his rule,

craftspeople thrived under his rule,

finest architectural achievement was the White Chapel

ruled from 1473-1458 B.C.E.,

first female pharaoh,

eygptian art and architecture flourished under her rule,

filled her government with loyal advisers,

demanded respect as a male ruler,

biggest trade expedition to African kingdom of Punt at the southern end of the Red Sea,

built a great temple at Dayr al-Bahri

ruled from1290-1224 B.C.E.,

reigned for 60 years longer, than almost any other pharaoh,

did everything in a big way,

had more than 100 wives & children,

fearless soldier from young age,

captain of egyptian army at age ten,

most famous military campaign as against the Hittie Empire in Anatolia,

made first peace treaty with Hittie Empire,

constructed the Abu Simel