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PT NBCE passive care Test 2
Q8
100
Health Care
Professional
02/26/2013

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Cards

Term
3.       In 1791, _____ defines animal electricity by getting a frog leg to contract with stimulation.
Definition
GALVANIC
Term
4.       In 1823, _____ current is introduced through needle electrodes.
Definition
GALVANIC
Term
5.       In 1840, it was observed that paralyzed muscles respond to _____ current.
Definition
GALVANIC
Term
6.       These are the 2 types of currents used in therapy.
Definition
1) DIRECT CURRENT, 2) ALTERNATING CURRENT
Term
7.       Direct current is also known as _____ current which is unipolar.
Definition
GALVANIC
Term
8.       Alternating current is also known as _____ current which is bipolar.
Definition
FARADIC
Term
9.       The frequency is electrical currents is measured in _____ which is pulses/sec or cycles/sec.
Definition
HERTZ
Term
10.   Less than _____Hz is known as low frequency.
Definition
1000HZ
Term
11.   Between _____ and _____ HZ is medium frequency.
Definition
1000-100,000HZ
Term
12.   Over _____Hz is known as high frequency.
Definition
100,000Hz
Term
13.   These are the 3 modes of electrical current treatments.
Definition
1) CONTINUOUS, 2) SURGE MODE, 3) INTERRUPTED (PULSE) MODE
Term
14.   This mode of electrical treatment consists of a continuous flow of current.
Definition
CONTINUOUS MODE
Term
15.   This mode of electrical treatment starts off low, goes high, then back down.
Definition
SURGE MODE
Term
16.   This mode of electrical treatment consists of on and off cycles.
Definition
INTERRUPTED (PULSE) MODE
Term
18.   _____ is the speed of electricity.
Definition
VOLTS
Term
19.   _____ is an electromotive force that literally pushes the electrical current through the tissue.
Definition
VOLTAGE
Term
20.   _____ is the electricity that flows through the patient which is measured by amperage.
Definition
CURRENT
Term
21.   _____ is the number of times per second that a certain electrical flow or pulse is repeated.
Definition
PULSE RATE
Term
24.   11 general contraindications of electric therapy.
Definition
1) PACEMAKER, 2) MALIGNANCY, 3) PREGNANT UTERUS, 4) TRANSCEREBRALLY, 5) DIRECTLY OVER EYES, 6) OVER LARYNX AND OR CAROTID SINUS, 7) SEIZURE DISORDERS, 8) DECREASES SENSITIVITY, 9) SKIN DISORDERS, 10) THROMBOPHLEBITIS, 11) OPEN WOUNDS
Term
25.   _____ electric units have a higher pulse duration than other types of EMS, and therefore create an acid/alkaline reaction under the pads.
Definition
GALVANIC/LOW VOLT DC
Term
26.   Galvanic/low volt DC should be used for _____ which is driving ions into the tissue.
Definition
IONTOPHORESIS
Term
27.   What is the pad placement of galvanic current?
Definition
AROUND THE AREA OF PAIN
Term
28.   That is the frequency of galvanic current?
Definition
CONSTANT
Term
29.   What is the intensity of galvanic current?
Definition
VERY MILD PERCEPTION BY PATIENT
Term
30.   What is the treatment time of galvanic current?
Definition
10-15 MINUTES
Term
31.   Galvanic current is not used very much today because it is very uncomfortable for the patient, and it is very easy to _____ the patient.
Definition
BURN
Term
32.   A _____ is the positive (+) charged particle of electric current.
Definition
ANODE
Term
33.   A _____ is the negative (-) charged particle of electric current.
Definition
CATHODE
Term
34.   Galvanic current flows from _____ to _____.
Definition
ANODE TO CATHODE
Term
38.   _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for superficial scars and adhesions.
Definition
CHLORINE
Term
39.   _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for skin infections.
Definition
HEAVY METALS (ZN OR CU)
Term
40.   _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for arthritis.
Definition
VASODILATORS (HISTAMINE)
Term
41.   _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for bursitis/frozen shoulder.
Definition
ACETATE
Term
42.   _____ is an iontophroesis agent used for spasms and adhesive capsulitis.
Definition
CALCIUM
Term
43.   _____ is an iontophroesis agent used for inflammation.
Definition
HYDROCORTISONE
Term
44.   _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for adhesion, neuropathy, and skin disorders.
Definition
IODINE
Term
45.   _____ is an iontophroesis agent used for pain, DJD, and inflammation.
Definition
MAGNESIUM
Term
46.   _____ is an iontophroesis agnt used for vasodilation.
Definition
NIACIN
Term
47.   _____ and _____ are iontophoresis agents used for pain and inflammation.
Definition
SALICYLATE AND XYLOCAINE
Term
48.   _____ is an electric stimulation technique used for decreasing muscle spasm, decreasing edema, and some pain control. It increased vascularity, healing rates of tissues, and slows atrophy. It is a very common technique used for increasing ROM and for muscle re-education.
Definition
SINUSOIDAL/LOW VOLT AC
Term
50.   What is the pad placement of sinusoidal/low volt AC?
Definition
TRACE MUSCLE FIBERS OR SURROUND PAIN
Term
51.   What is the frequency of sinusoidal/low volt AC?
Definition
UP TO 120HZ
Term
52.   What is the intensity of sinusoidal/low volt AC?
Definition
TO MUSCLE CONTRACTION AND/OR PATIENT TOLERANCE
Term
54.   _____ is an EMS that uses medium frequency current to decrease muscle spasm, decrease edema, some pain control, increase healing rate, slows atrophy, and allows for muscle re-education.
Definition
FARADIC/LOW VOLT AC
Term
55.   What is the pad placement for faradic/low volt AC?
Definition
TRACE THE MUSCLE FIBERS OF INJURED AREAS
Term
56.   What is the frequency for faradic/low volt AC?
Definition
UP TO 200HZ
Term
57.   What is the intensity of faradic/low volt AC?
Definition
TO PATIENT PERCEPTION
Term
58.   What is the treatment time for faradic/low volt AC?
Definition
10-15MIN
Term
62.   What does TENS stand for?
Definition
TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIM
Term
68.   What is the goal of high-volt therapy?
Definition
TO INCREASE THE MOVEMENT OF FLUIDS (ARTERIAL, VENOUS, AND LYMPHATICS)
Term
69.   What is the therapeutic use for high-volt DC?
Definition
SAME AS LOW-VOLT BUT MUCH MORE COMFORTABLE
Term
70.   What is the frequency for high-volt DC?
Definition
UP TO 120HZ
Term
71.   What is the intensity for high-volt DC?
Definition
TO PATIENT PERCEPTION
Term
73.   What is the pad placement for high-volt DC?
Definition
TRACE THE MUSCLE FIBERS AND PLACE THE LARGE DISPERSIVE PAD ON A LARGE MUSCLE MASS
Term
74.   4 treatment recommendations for diabetics with decreased blood flow.
Definition
1) HIGH VOLT DC, 2) 1000MG VITAMIN C, 3) 800MG VITAMIN E, 4) NO SUGAR OR WHITE FLOWER
Term
75.   When using high-volt therapy for positive polarity the large dispersing pad should be placed on the _____, while the small pads should be placed at the _____. This will cause the fluids to flow from the large pad to the small pads.
Definition
TORSO, SITE OF INJURY
Term
76.   You should use _____ polarity high volt DC to drive the fluids form the small pads to the large dispersing pad.
Definition
NEGATIVE
Term
77.   _____ is the most commonly used modality.
Definition
INTERFERENTIAL CURRENT
Term
78.   What is the therapeutic use for interferential current?
Definition
PAIN AND EDEMA
Term
79.   What is the intensity for interferential current?
Definition
TO PATIENT PERCEPTION
Term
80.   _____Hz of interferential current should be used for chronic pain and endorphin release.
Definition
3-5HZ
Term
81.   _____Hz of interferential current should be used for acute pain and encephalin release?
Definition
80-150HZ
Term
82.   _____Hz of interferential current should be used for subacute pain as well as endorphin and encephalin release.
Definition
1-150HZ
Term
83.   _____Hz of interferential current should be used for a nerve block which will last from 2-24 hours.
Definition
4000HZ
Term
84.   What is the pad placement of interferential current?
Definition
4 PADS ARE CRISS-CROSSED AROUND THE AREA OF PAIN
Term
85.   _____ is a form of interferential current that uses 2 pads only for small areas.
Definition
PRE-MOD
Term
86.   _____ is an interferential current treatment type that can be used to increase the treatment area covered by the current.
Definition
SCAN/VECTOR
Term
88.   When applying interferential current to a small area, set the machine on _____.
Definition
TARGET
Term
89.   When applying interferential current to a large area, set the machine on _____.
Definition
SCAN
Term
90.   _____ is an EMS technique that reduces muscle atrophy, and is the best current to build muscle strength.
Definition
RUSSIAN STIM
Term
91.   Russian stim should only be used on _____.
Definition
YOUNG HEALTHY ADULTS THAT ARE SEASONED ATHLETES
Term
92.   What is the intensity of Russian stim?
Definition
TO MUSCLE CONTRACTION
Term
93.   What is the frequency for Russian stim?
Definition
2000-10,000HZ
Term
94.   What is the polarity for Russian stim?
Definition
30-70 CYCLES/SEC
Term
95.   When using Russian stim, the frequency should be set in bursts of _____ seconds on with _____ seconds off for a total of _____ repetitions.
Definition
10 ON AND 50 OFF; 7-10REPS
Term
96.   What is the pad placement for Russian stim?
Definition
TRACE THE MUSCLE FIBERS OF THE INVOLVED MUSCLE OR GROUP
Term
98.   _____ is the most natural current to the human body.
Definition
MICROCURRENT
Term
99.   What is the therapeutic use for microcurrent?
Definition
USED TO PROMOTE HEALING RATES AND PAIN CONTROL
Term
100.                        What is the intensity for microcurrent?
Definition
TO PATIENT PERCEPTION
Term
101.                        What is the frequency for microcurrent?
Definition
LESS THAN 1HZ
Term
102.                        _____ is the optimum frequency for microcurent, because it is the same frequency the body used to send a signal from the brain to the tissue cell.
Definition
0.3HZ
Term
103.                        What is the pad placement for microcurrent?
Definition
AROUND THE INJURED AREA OR PAINFUL REGION
Term
105.                        Microcurrent should be used on patients who are _____ to heal.
Definition
SLOW
Term
108.                        High volt DC uses lower pulse rates of _____ for fluid transport.
Definition
40918
Term
109.                        High volt DC uses medium pulse rates between _____ for muscle spasm.
Definition
80-120
Term
110.                        High volt DC uses pulse rates between _____ for pain control.
Definition
120-150
Term
111.                        These are the 2 deep heating techniques that can be used.
Definition
DIATHERMY AND ULTRASOUND
Term
112.                        _____is a deep heating technique that should be used on soft tissue.
Definition
DIATHERMY
Term
113.                        _____ is a deep heating technique that should be used on bone, ligament, and tendons.
Definition
ULTRASOUND
Term
114.                        In the 1920’s physicist Esau discovered that flies exhibited a peculiar behavior when they were brought into a high-frequency electrical field. This led to his development of a powerful generator to produce such a field which he called _____.
Definition
DIATHERMY
Term
115.                        What is the frequency range for short wave diathermy?
Definition
27MHZ
Term
116.                        What is the wavelength range for short wave diathermy?
Definition
11.6M
Term
117.                        What is the frequency range for microwave diathermy?
Definition
2, 456MHZ
Term
118.                        What is the wavelength range for microwave diathermy?
Definition
12.2CM
Term
119.                        _____ diathermy is dangerous because of burns. It heats from the inside out.
Definition
MICROWAVE DIATHERMY
Term
120.                        _____ consists of a high frequency current which exerts a healing effect on tissue b the method of conversion heating using electromagnetic oscillation.
Definition
DIATHERMY
Term
122.                        3 different types of short wave diathermy.
Definition
1) INDUCTION, 2) CONDENSOR, 3) PULSED
Term
123.                        This type of short wave diathermy used 2 coils, and the heat pulses between the coils.
Definition
INDUCTION
Term
124.                        This type of short wave diathermy uses 2 capacitor plates and heat passes between the 2 plates.
Definition
CONDENSOR
Term
125.                        This type of short wave diathermy is the deepest penetrator.
Definition
CONDENSOR
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