Term
| 3. In 1791, _____ defines animal electricity by getting a frog leg to contract with stimulation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 4. In 1823, _____ current is introduced through needle electrodes. |
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Definition
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Term
| 5. In 1840, it was observed that paralyzed muscles respond to _____ current. |
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Definition
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Term
| 6. These are the 2 types of currents used in therapy. |
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Definition
| 1) DIRECT CURRENT, 2) ALTERNATING CURRENT |
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Term
| 7. Direct current is also known as _____ current which is unipolar. |
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Definition
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Term
| 8. Alternating current is also known as _____ current which is bipolar. |
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Definition
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Term
| 9. The frequency is electrical currents is measured in _____ which is pulses/sec or cycles/sec. |
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Definition
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Term
| 10. Less than _____Hz is known as low frequency. |
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Definition
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Term
| 11. Between _____ and _____ HZ is medium frequency. |
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Definition
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Term
| 12. Over _____Hz is known as high frequency. |
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Definition
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Term
| 13. These are the 3 modes of electrical current treatments. |
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Definition
| 1) CONTINUOUS, 2) SURGE MODE, 3) INTERRUPTED (PULSE) MODE |
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Term
| 14. This mode of electrical treatment consists of a continuous flow of current. |
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Definition
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Term
| 15. This mode of electrical treatment starts off low, goes high, then back down. |
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Definition
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Term
| 16. This mode of electrical treatment consists of on and off cycles. |
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Definition
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Term
| 18. _____ is the speed of electricity. |
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Definition
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Term
| 19. _____ is an electromotive force that literally pushes the electrical current through the tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| 20. _____ is the electricity that flows through the patient which is measured by amperage. |
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Definition
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Term
| 21. _____ is the number of times per second that a certain electrical flow or pulse is repeated. |
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Definition
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Term
| 24. 11 general contraindications of electric therapy. |
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Definition
| 1) PACEMAKER, 2) MALIGNANCY, 3) PREGNANT UTERUS, 4) TRANSCEREBRALLY, 5) DIRECTLY OVER EYES, 6) OVER LARYNX AND OR CAROTID SINUS, 7) SEIZURE DISORDERS, 8) DECREASES SENSITIVITY, 9) SKIN DISORDERS, 10) THROMBOPHLEBITIS, 11) OPEN WOUNDS |
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Term
| 25. _____ electric units have a higher pulse duration than other types of EMS, and therefore create an acid/alkaline reaction under the pads. |
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Definition
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Term
| 26. Galvanic/low volt DC should be used for _____ which is driving ions into the tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| 27. What is the pad placement of galvanic current? |
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Definition
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Term
| 28. That is the frequency of galvanic current? |
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Definition
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Term
| 29. What is the intensity of galvanic current? |
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Definition
| VERY MILD PERCEPTION BY PATIENT |
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Term
| 30. What is the treatment time of galvanic current? |
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Definition
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Term
| 31. Galvanic current is not used very much today because it is very uncomfortable for the patient, and it is very easy to _____ the patient. |
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Definition
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Term
| 32. A _____ is the positive (+) charged particle of electric current. |
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Definition
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Term
| 33. A _____ is the negative (-) charged particle of electric current. |
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Definition
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Term
| 34. Galvanic current flows from _____ to _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 38. _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for superficial scars and adhesions. |
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Definition
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Term
| 39. _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for skin infections. |
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Definition
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Term
| 40. _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for arthritis. |
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Definition
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Term
| 41. _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for bursitis/frozen shoulder. |
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Definition
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Term
| 42. _____ is an iontophroesis agent used for spasms and adhesive capsulitis. |
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Definition
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Term
| 43. _____ is an iontophroesis agent used for inflammation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 44. _____ is an iontophoresis agent used for adhesion, neuropathy, and skin disorders. |
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Definition
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Term
| 45. _____ is an iontophroesis agent used for pain, DJD, and inflammation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 46. _____ is an iontophroesis agnt used for vasodilation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 47. _____ and _____ are iontophoresis agents used for pain and inflammation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 48. _____ is an electric stimulation technique used for decreasing muscle spasm, decreasing edema, and some pain control. It increased vascularity, healing rates of tissues, and slows atrophy. It is a very common technique used for increasing ROM and for muscle re-education. |
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Definition
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Term
| 50. What is the pad placement of sinusoidal/low volt AC? |
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Definition
| TRACE MUSCLE FIBERS OR SURROUND PAIN |
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Term
| 51. What is the frequency of sinusoidal/low volt AC? |
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Definition
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Term
| 52. What is the intensity of sinusoidal/low volt AC? |
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Definition
| TO MUSCLE CONTRACTION AND/OR PATIENT TOLERANCE |
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Term
| 54. _____ is an EMS that uses medium frequency current to decrease muscle spasm, decrease edema, some pain control, increase healing rate, slows atrophy, and allows for muscle re-education. |
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Definition
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Term
| 55. What is the pad placement for faradic/low volt AC? |
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Definition
| TRACE THE MUSCLE FIBERS OF INJURED AREAS |
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Term
| 56. What is the frequency for faradic/low volt AC? |
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Definition
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Term
| 57. What is the intensity of faradic/low volt AC? |
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Definition
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Term
| 58. What is the treatment time for faradic/low volt AC? |
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Definition
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Term
| 62. What does TENS stand for? |
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Definition
| TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIM |
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Term
| 68. What is the goal of high-volt therapy? |
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Definition
| TO INCREASE THE MOVEMENT OF FLUIDS (ARTERIAL, VENOUS, AND LYMPHATICS) |
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Term
| 69. What is the therapeutic use for high-volt DC? |
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Definition
| SAME AS LOW-VOLT BUT MUCH MORE COMFORTABLE |
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Term
| 70. What is the frequency for high-volt DC? |
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Definition
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Term
| 71. What is the intensity for high-volt DC? |
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Definition
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Term
| 73. What is the pad placement for high-volt DC? |
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Definition
| TRACE THE MUSCLE FIBERS AND PLACE THE LARGE DISPERSIVE PAD ON A LARGE MUSCLE MASS |
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Term
| 74. 4 treatment recommendations for diabetics with decreased blood flow. |
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Definition
| 1) HIGH VOLT DC, 2) 1000MG VITAMIN C, 3) 800MG VITAMIN E, 4) NO SUGAR OR WHITE FLOWER |
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Term
| 75. When using high-volt therapy for positive polarity the large dispersing pad should be placed on the _____, while the small pads should be placed at the _____. This will cause the fluids to flow from the large pad to the small pads. |
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Definition
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Term
| 76. You should use _____ polarity high volt DC to drive the fluids form the small pads to the large dispersing pad. |
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Definition
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Term
| 77. _____ is the most commonly used modality. |
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Definition
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Term
| 78. What is the therapeutic use for interferential current? |
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Definition
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Term
| 79. What is the intensity for interferential current? |
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Definition
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Term
| 80. _____Hz of interferential current should be used for chronic pain and endorphin release. |
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Definition
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Term
| 81. _____Hz of interferential current should be used for acute pain and encephalin release? |
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Definition
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Term
| 82. _____Hz of interferential current should be used for subacute pain as well as endorphin and encephalin release. |
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Definition
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Term
| 83. _____Hz of interferential current should be used for a nerve block which will last from 2-24 hours. |
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Definition
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Term
| 84. What is the pad placement of interferential current? |
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Definition
| 4 PADS ARE CRISS-CROSSED AROUND THE AREA OF PAIN |
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Term
| 85. _____ is a form of interferential current that uses 2 pads only for small areas. |
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Definition
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Term
| 86. _____ is an interferential current treatment type that can be used to increase the treatment area covered by the current. |
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Definition
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Term
| 88. When applying interferential current to a small area, set the machine on _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 89. When applying interferential current to a large area, set the machine on _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 90. _____ is an EMS technique that reduces muscle atrophy, and is the best current to build muscle strength. |
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Definition
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Term
| 91. Russian stim should only be used on _____. |
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Definition
| YOUNG HEALTHY ADULTS THAT ARE SEASONED ATHLETES |
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Term
| 92. What is the intensity of Russian stim? |
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Definition
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Term
| 93. What is the frequency for Russian stim? |
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Definition
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Term
| 94. What is the polarity for Russian stim? |
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Definition
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Term
| 95. When using Russian stim, the frequency should be set in bursts of _____ seconds on with _____ seconds off for a total of _____ repetitions. |
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Definition
| 10 ON AND 50 OFF; 7-10REPS |
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Term
| 96. What is the pad placement for Russian stim? |
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Definition
| TRACE THE MUSCLE FIBERS OF THE INVOLVED MUSCLE OR GROUP |
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Term
| 98. _____ is the most natural current to the human body. |
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Definition
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Term
| 99. What is the therapeutic use for microcurrent? |
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Definition
| USED TO PROMOTE HEALING RATES AND PAIN CONTROL |
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Term
| 100. What is the intensity for microcurrent? |
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Definition
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Term
| 101. What is the frequency for microcurrent? |
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Definition
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Term
| 102. _____ is the optimum frequency for microcurent, because it is the same frequency the body used to send a signal from the brain to the tissue cell. |
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Definition
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Term
| 103. What is the pad placement for microcurrent? |
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Definition
| AROUND THE INJURED AREA OR PAINFUL REGION |
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Term
| 105. Microcurrent should be used on patients who are _____ to heal. |
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Definition
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Term
| 108. High volt DC uses lower pulse rates of _____ for fluid transport. |
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Definition
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Term
| 109. High volt DC uses medium pulse rates between _____ for muscle spasm. |
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Definition
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Term
| 110. High volt DC uses pulse rates between _____ for pain control. |
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Definition
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Term
| 111. These are the 2 deep heating techniques that can be used. |
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Definition
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Term
| 112. _____is a deep heating technique that should be used on soft tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| 113. _____ is a deep heating technique that should be used on bone, ligament, and tendons. |
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Definition
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Term
| 114. In the 1920’s physicist Esau discovered that flies exhibited a peculiar behavior when they were brought into a high-frequency electrical field. This led to his development of a powerful generator to produce such a field which he called _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 115. What is the frequency range for short wave diathermy? |
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Definition
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Term
| 116. What is the wavelength range for short wave diathermy? |
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Definition
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Term
| 117. What is the frequency range for microwave diathermy? |
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Definition
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Term
| 118. What is the wavelength range for microwave diathermy? |
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Definition
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Term
| 119. _____ diathermy is dangerous because of burns. It heats from the inside out. |
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Definition
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Term
| 120. _____ consists of a high frequency current which exerts a healing effect on tissue b the method of conversion heating using electromagnetic oscillation. |
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Definition
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Term
| 122. 3 different types of short wave diathermy. |
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Definition
| 1) INDUCTION, 2) CONDENSOR, 3) PULSED |
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Term
| 123. This type of short wave diathermy used 2 coils, and the heat pulses between the coils. |
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Definition
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Term
| 124. This type of short wave diathermy uses 2 capacitor plates and heat passes between the 2 plates. |
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Definition
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Term
| 125. This type of short wave diathermy is the deepest penetrator. |
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Definition
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