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| A relatively permanent change in behavior |
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| A theory of learning that involves observable behavior (not including thinking, wishing, and hoping). |
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| An association is made between two events, conditioning occurs when one has learned the association |
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| When a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and then acquires a similar response; see Pavlov. |
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| A stimulus that brings a response without any prior learning (UCS) |
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| An unlearned response to an Unconditioned Stimulus (UCR) |
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| A neutral stimulus that, when paired with an Unconditioned Stimulus, elicits a conditioned response (CS) |
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| The learned response of a Conditioned Stimulus (CR) |
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| The learning of an association between a stimulus and a response |
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| Occurs when a new stimulus that is similar to the original one elicits a response that is similar to the CR |
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| Learning to respond to certain stimuli while not responding to others |
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| When a CR returns after a time delay without any further conditioning |
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| When a CR returns at a time when the organism is in a novel context |
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| Occurs when the CR is weakened once the fear-provoking stimulus becomes associated with a new response that is not compatible with the fear |
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| Systematic Desensitization |
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| A method of therapy that treats anxiety by teaching clients to achieve relaxation while increasing anxiety-producing stimuli |
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| Aversive Conditioning Therapy |
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| Teaches a client to associate very unpleasant stimuli such as Antabuse with alcohol which induces nausea and vomiting |
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| Thorndike's Law of Effect |
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| States the behaviors followed by positive outcomes will be strengthened and behaviors associated with negative stimuli will be weakened |
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| Rewarding approximations of a desired behavior |
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| Something is given as a reward to increase the likelihood of that behavior |
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| When something bad is taken away to increase the likelihood of the behavior |
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| Schedules of Reinforcement |
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| Determines when a behavior will be reinforced |
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| A behavior is reinforced every time it occurs |
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| when a behavior is only reinforced part of the time |
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