Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Psychopathology
Psychological Disorders, Differential Diagnosis, Ego Strength, Mental Status
27
Psychology
Graduate
10/26/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Anorexia Nervosa

vs.

Bulimia Nervosa

 

(3)

Definition

-Weight: AN is 85% of less or normal body weight, BN is normal or slightly overweight

-Perception/Judgment: AN experiences a perceptual distortion of body, BN a negative cognitive judgment of body

-Menses: AN will miss 3 or more, BN no loss

Term

Mental Retardation

vs.

Autistic Disorder

 

(4)

Definition

-IQ: MR is 70 or less, A is normal

-Behavior: MR acts younger than age, A behavior is abnormal for any age

-Social: MR has normal interest in social interaction, A does not

-Onset: for MR is 18 or younger, onset for A is before 3

Term

Conduct Disorder

vs.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

 

(2)

Definition

-Severity: CD is more severe, OPD is less severe

CD gets into trouble with the law and displays physical violence, OPD does not

-Duration: CD must persist at least 1 year, OPD 6 months or more

Term

Delirium

vs.

Dementia

 

(5)

Definition

-Consciousness: Delirium is cloudy/fluctuating, Dementia is clear/stable

-Memory: Delirium may have memory of episode impaired, Dementia has longterm, significant loss

-Prognosis: Delirium is good, Dementia is poor

-Cause: Delirium is specific, external cause, Dementia is unknown, internal cause

Onset: Delirium has sudden, rapid onset, Dementia is gradual

Term

Substance Dependence

vs.

Substance Abuse

 

(5)

 

 

Definition

-Withdrawal                                              -Role failure

-Tolerance                             -Social/interpersonal prob.

-Considerable time spent              -Trouble with law

-Loss of activities                           -Physically hazardous

-Tries but unable to quit                 -Little desire to quit

Term

Cyclothymic Disorder

vs.

Dysthymic Disoder

 

(1)

Definition

-CD is mild ups and downs (consisting of hypomanic and depressive symptoms) for at least 2 years (1 year in minors.

-DD is mild downs (consisting of depressive symptoms) for at least 2 years (1 year in minors).

 

Term

Major Depressive Disorder

vs.

Dysthymic Disorder

 

(2)

Definition

Severity and Duration

-MDD is more severe, must involve at least one major depressive episode (depressed most of day, nearly every day, for at least 2 weeks)

-DD is less severe, with depressive symptoms more days than not over at least 2 years (1 year in minors)

Term

Agoraphobia

vs.

Social Phobia

 

(2)

Definition

-Fear: A is fear of panic attack, difficult escape, or fear itself, SP is of being embarrassed or panic in social situations.

-Scope: A is generalized, broad, SP is specific, narrow

Term

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

vs.

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

 

(3)

Definition

-Obsessions: OCD are true, actual obsessions and compulsions, OCPD they are not

-Source: OCD the obsessions are not wanted, know there is something wrong with them (ego-dystonic). OCPD think something wrong with others (ego-syntonic)

-OCD can come and ago, OCPD is pervasive

Term

Dissociative Identity Disorder

vs.

Schizophrenia

 

(2)

Definition

-Identities: DID has multiple identities, S has one

-Psychosis: DID is not psychotic, S is (has hallucinations, delusions, bizarre thoughts)

Term

Schizoid Personality Disorder

vs.

Avoidant Personality Disorder

 

(2)

Definition

-Relations: SPD does not have/desire relationships, APD does but has difficulty

-Emotions: SPD is out of touch with feelings, APD is very in touch, even hypersensitive

Term

Antisocial Personality Disoder

vs.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

 

(3)

Definition

-Criminal Justice Background: APD yes, NPD no

-Rights Violations: APD violates physical, legal, and material rights, NPD violates social rights

-Grandiosity/Entitlement: APD no, NPD yes

Term

Bipolar I Disorder

vs.

Bipolar II Disorder

 

(3)

Definition

-Variety: I is "severe up," II is "severe down"

-Manic/Mixed Episode: I must have one, II can't have either

-Hypomanic/Major Depressive Episode: I may have either/both, II must have both

Term

Histrionic Personality Disorder

vs.

Borderline Personality Disorder

 

(5)

Definition

-Ego Strength: HPD stronger, BPD weak

-Attention: HPD is flamboyant, dramatic, or seductive, BPD acts out or in

-Self Harm: HPD no, BPD yes

-Identity Confusion: HPD less severe, BPD more severe

-Emotions: HPD lability seems superficial, BPD lability seems real

Term

Adjustment Disorder

vs.

Additional Conditions (V Codes)

 

(1)

Definition
-AD has greater difficulty coping than what is normal due to psychological disorder, V is within what is expected of a healthy individual dealing with a difficult life situation
Term

Brief Psychotic Disorder

vs.

Schizophreniform Disorder

vs.

Schizophrenia

vs.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

(2)

Definition

-Brief Psychotic Disorder: 1 day to less than a month. Must have one: delusions, hallucinations, non-organized speech, behavior grossly disorganized, catatonic

-Schizophreniform: 1 month to less than 6 months. No decline in functioning necessary

-Schizophrenia: 6 months or more

-Schizotypal PD: Not psychotic (no delusions, hallucinations, etc.). Odd beliefs, lack of friends, cognitive and perceptual distortions. Pervasive personality w/o pervasive psychotic. Long-lasting

Term

Schizophrenia (Paranoid Type)

vs.

Delusional Disorder

vs.

Paranoid Personality Disorder

 

(3)

Definition

-Schizophrenia: Psychotic, not functional, more pervasive

-Delusional: Psychotic, functional, narrowly focused

-Paranoid PD: Not psychotic, functional. Distrustful and suspicious. Most pervasive

Term

Conversion Disorder

vs.

Somatization Disorder

vs.

Factitious Disorder

vs.

Malingering

Definition

-Conversion: actual physical negative symptoms (loss of senses or motor) caused by psych. reasons, not deliberately faked

-Somatization: actual physical positive symptoms across many systems (gastrointestinal, sexual, respiratory, or neurological) caused by psych. reasons, not deliberately faked

-Factitious: Lying about physical symptoms to get attention. May not know why lying.

-Malingering: Lying about physical symptoms for material or practical gain. Usually knows why lying

Term

Axis I Disorders

 

(4)

Definition

-Less pervasive

-Can come and go

-More narrow in scope

-Ego-dystonic

Term

Axis II

 

(5)

Definition

-More pervasive

-Tend to stay (usually life-long)

-Broad in scope

-Ego-syntonic

-Include mental retardation and the personality disorders

Term

Mental Status Exam

 

(5)

Definition

-Appearance: Disheveled, unkempt

-Behavior: Posture, body movement, facial expressions

-Mood & Affect: Depressed, euphoric, lability

-Perception: Hallucinations/Illusions

-Thinking: Memory impaired, impaired cognition

Term

Ego Strength

Strong vs. Weak

 

(5, 3)

Definition

-Ability to love, work, play

-To switch from primary to secondary process

-To make valid judgments

-To forgive and show mercy to those who have harmed

-To follow intention in face of abstraction

-To tolerate tension, excitation, frustration, guilt, etc.

 

Weak: unable to cope with life in general, easily annoyed, presence of phobias, psychosomatic, hysterical, etc.

Term
Developmental/Dynamic Diagnosis
Definition
-Comes from any theorist, diagnosing based on a specific theory
Term
Differential Diagnosis
Definition
-Deciding upon/ruling out between two or more possible disorders to determine the correct one.
Term
Descriptive Diagnosis
Definition
-Diagnosing based on descriptors (someone's thoughts/feelings), not what is going on inside, past (ex. DSM)
Term
Severity of DSM Categories
Definition

-Psychotic Disorders

-Personality Disorders

-Adjustment Disorders

-V Codes

Term
Hierarchy of Defense Mechanisms
Definition

-Primitive: Splitting, Schizoid Fantasy, Denial, Acting Out

-Higher Level Neurotic: Intellectualization, Sexualization, Introjection, Repression

-Mature: Humor, Suppression, Altruism

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