Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Psychopathology Final
n/a
35
Health Care
Graduate
10/15/2011

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The development of the DSM
Definition
Conflicting opinions from the VA and Military created the need for a standard measure
Term
DSM I and II
Definition

DSM I- influenced by psychoanalytic theory, theoretical 

 

DSM II- not a lot changed

Term
DSM III
Definition
  • More explicit criteria
  • Descriptive, ATHEORETICAL
  • multiaxial diagnosis
  • more elaborate descriptions of mental disorders
  • field guide
Term
The Multiaxial System
Definition
  • Axis 1: Clinical disorders
  • Axis 2: mental retardation, personality disorders
  • Axis 3: general medical conditions
  • Axis 4: psychosocial & environmental problems
  • Axis 5: Global Assessment of functioning (GAF)
Term
William Harvey
Definition

Heart as the pump

 

Psychiartrist problem: a medical discipline without a Harvey -cannot explain how the brain causes mental state

Term
Generational Epochs
Definition
  • state hospital psychiatry
  • Meyer Epoch 
  • Psychoanalytic 
  • empirical psychiatry epoch 
Term
Kraeplin 
Definition
Classify
Term
Adolf Meyer
Definition
  • Psychobiology: 
  • Mental disorders do not "strike" a life so much as "emerge" from it
  • Psychiatrists formulate patients (bottom-up)
  • Recognize importance of patient history
Term
US- UK Diagnostic studies 
Definition
  • These studies showed the discrepancy between US and UK psychiatrists in the rates of diagnoses of Schizophrenia (use different definitions)
  • US-Bleulerin
  • Europeans -Kraepelinian
Term
Generational Epochs (part 2)
Definition

Meyerian -Observe

Psychoanalytic - interact

Empirical - identify

Term
Two sources of medico-scientific explanations
Definition
  1. Locations of the injury in the body      (explains the signs and symptoms of an illness)
  2. the nature of a "process" generating injury     (explains the course of illness and determines treatment) 
Term
Central dogma of DSM III
Definition
For most psychiatric disorders, the etiology is unknown
Term
DSM is a "field guide"
Definition
  • The disorders are organized according to their shared phenomenological features -> (what they look like)
  • reliable 
  • top-down
Term
Perspectives of Psychiatry
Definition

Has: disease perspective

Is: dimenstion perspective

Does: behavioral perspective

Encountered: life story

Term
Disease Perspective
Definition
  • What the patient has
  • "Intrinsic" cerebral faculties 
Term
Dimensional Perspective
Definition
  • What the patient is
  • Constitutional "self dimensionals"
Term
Behavior Perspective
Definition
  • What the patient does
  • goal-oriented, motivations

 

Term
Life-Story Perspective
Definition
  • personal life developments
  • what the person encounters
Term
What psychiatrists do?
Definition
  • Take a history
  • Perform a mental status exam
  • make diagnostic formulation
  • make a treatment plan
  • Treatment
Term
Symptom
Definition
  • Any morbid phenomenon or departure from the normal in function, appearance or sensation, experienced by the patient and indicative of disease
  • Subjective-felt 
Term
Signs
Definition
  • Any abnormality indicative of a disease, discoverable by a physican on his (her) examination of the patient
  • Sign is objective
Term
Syndrome
Definition
The aggregation of signs and symptoms
Term
Essential Stages in Diagnosis
Definition
  • Observation
  • Interpretation
  • Clinical Judgment
Term
Traditional Elements of Classification 
Definition
  • Symptoms
  • Signs
  • Course over time
  • Etiopathology
Term
Etiopathology
Definition
Any sequence of events understanding of which reveals what generates disorder in a living patient
Term
Mental Status Exam
Definition

Does the patient have disrupted cerebral faculties?

 

Term
Top Down
Definition
Work through criteria to make diagnosis
Term
Bottom-Up 
Definition
Gather all of the information first and then make diagnosis
Term
Components of Anxiety
Definition
  • Psychic Anxiety
  • Somatic Anxiety
Term
Psychic Anxiety
Definition
  • apprehensive expectation
  • viligance and scanning
Term
Somatic Anxiety
Definition
  • Autonomic hyperactivity
  • motor tension
Term
Generations in Psychiatric Epidemiology
Definition
  1. Facility surveys with diagnoses from medical records
  2. Community Surveys with overall caseness ratings
  3. Structured Interview Surveys with Diagnoses
Term
Agreement for DIS and SCAN for lifetime panic disorder
Definition

Sensitivity (low): .28

Specificity (high): .99

Kappa (not great): .4

Term
Interviewers
Definition

Interviewers 

  • female
  • middle-aged
  • less than college educated
  • articulate
Term
Field work
Definition
  • Interviewer attrition during training > 50%
  • Pay by the hour and not by piece
  • 10% validation 
  • 7-15 interviewers per supervisor
  • 1-2 weeks training
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