Term
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Definition
| person's desire and need to engage in constant and frequent sexual behavior |
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Term
| Compulsive Sexual Behavior |
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Definition
| people who crave sex at the expense of relationships, work productivity, and daily activities |
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Term
| The Appetitive (Desire) Phase |
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Definition
| desire for sexual activity |
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Term
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Definition
| specific and direct sexual stimulation occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary muscular contractions throughout body and release of sexual tension |
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Term
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Definition
| relaxation of body after orgasm |
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Term
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Definition
| related to problems during normal sexual response cycle or pain during intercourse |
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Term
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Definition
| related to phase 1 (desire phase) |
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Term
| Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder |
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Definition
| lack interest in having sex |
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Term
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Definition
| active avoidance of sexual behaviors due to fear or disgust |
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Term
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Definition
| related to phase 2 (excitement phase) |
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Term
| Male Erectile Disorder (aka impotence) |
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Definition
| no physiological change related to sexual arousal and inability to attain/maintain an erection sufficient for sex |
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Term
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Definition
related to phase 3 (orgasmic phase)
premature ejaculation
delayed or absent orgasm |
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Term
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Definition
| experience of pain during intercourse |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary spasms that make intercourse difficult for women |
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Term
| Psychodynamic Perspective for Sexual Dysfunction |
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Definition
| due to unresolved Oedipal (boys) and Electra (girls) complex |
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Term
| Behavioral Perspective for Sexual Dysfunction |
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Definition
| learned anxiety - spectator role (excessive worrying during sex) |
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Term
| Cognitive Perspective for Sexual Dysfunction |
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Definition
| faulty schemas - difficult to become intimate with partner |
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Term
| Biological Perspective for Sexual Dysfunction |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sexual urges and fantasies about situations, objects, or people not part of the usual arousal pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual gratification from inanimate objects (ie shoes, dresses, women's underwear) |
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Term
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Definition
sexual gratification from wearing clothes of the opposite sex
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Term
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Definition
| fantasy of being a woman if you are a man and vice-versa |
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Term
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Definition
sexual gratification from exposing one's private parts
goal is shock value --> pleasure |
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Term
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Definition
| invasion of person's privacy - observing an unsuspecting person disrobing or engaging in sexual activity ("Peeping Toms") |
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Term
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Definition
| deriving sexual pleasure from watching others have sex (real-life) |
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Term
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Definition
| gratification from inflicting pain on others |
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Term
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Definition
| gratification from receiving pain |
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Term
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Definition
| women who cater to the sexual preferences of masochistic men |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual gratification from touching or rubbing up against another person |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual gratification from having sex or intercourse with children |
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Term
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Definition
| only act when perfect opportunity arises |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sexual arousal in response to corpses |
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Term
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Definition
| making obscene calls for sexual gratification |
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Term
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Definition
| using self-strangulation to produce sexual excitement |
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Term
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Definition
| feeling that one belongs to a different sex than one's biological sex |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
sexual relations with family members
often uncles but victims of fathers report more disturbance |
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Term
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Definition
forced intercourse with nonconsenting partner
motive is often aggression (power) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Most frequent form of rape |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
psychological distress, phobic reactions, sexual dysfunction
acute phase: disorganization
long-term phase: reorganization |
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Term
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Definition
| compensates for feelings of inadequacy by intimidating victim (most common) |
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Term
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Definition
| angry at women in general, victim is target |
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Term
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Definition
| satisfaction from inflicting pain, may torture/mutilate victim (least common) |
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Term
| Cultural Spillover Theory |
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Definition
| rape increases in environments that encourage violence |
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Term
| Conventional Treatment for Rapists |
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Definition
| imprisonment, behavioral treatment |
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Term
|
Definition
| disorders in which reality contact is severely impaired, often leading to hospitalization |
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Term
| Prevalence of Schizophrenia |
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Definition
1-2% among normal pop
10-13% among homeless |
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Term
| Kraeplin's Hypothesis for Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| "Dementia Praecox"- premature mental deterioration which was irreversible |
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Term
| Bleuler's Hypothesis for Schizophrenia |
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Definition
dementia praecox was a poor description because disorder could be treated
proposed schizophrenia- "split mind" |
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Term
|
Definition
1. Association (thought disorder)
2. Affect (disorder of experience and expression of emotion
3. Ambivalence (inability to make/follow through on decisons)
4. Autism (tendency to maintain an idiosyncratic style of egocentric thought and behavior) |
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Term
|
Definition
| beliefs not grounded in reality (loosening of associations, poverty of content, neologisms, word salad, alogia) |
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Term
| Breakdown of Selective Attention |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
perception without sensation
auditory and visual |
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Term
|
Definition
mood disorder (depression or bipolar) and presence of psychotic symptoms for at least 2 weeks
more common in females |
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Term
|
Definition
| repetitive, purposeless behavior |
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Term
|
Definition
| delayed or lack of motor activity |
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Term
|
Definition
| lack of initiative and unwillingness to act (no driving joy or motivation) |
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Term
| Prodromal Phase of Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| gradual (vs. sudden) onset of schizophrenic symptoms |
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Term
| Active Phase of Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| symptoms of psychosis are prominent (hallucinations, delusions, etc.) |
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Term
| Residual Phase of Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| a return to the prodromal state after the active phase (some symptoms but not as severe or acute) |
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Term
| Disorganized Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| disorganized speech, mood fluctuations, child-like fantasies |
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Term
|
Definition
| symptoms can include catatonic stupor, mutism, and echolalia |
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Term
|
Definition
| delusions and hallucinations, often involving themes of grandeur and persecution |
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Term
| Positive (Type 1) Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| presence of things normally absent (hallucinations, delusions) |
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Term
| Negative (Type 2) Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| absence of things normally present (flat affect, anhedonia) |
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Term
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Definition
| belief that one is loved by someone else, usually someone famous or of high social status, when in reality one only has a passing or nonexistant relationship with the alleged lover |
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Term
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Definition
| belief that a person/animal (pet) well known to him/her is a double or imposter of the real person |
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Term
| Biological Perspective on Schizophrenia |
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Definition
1. Genetics
2. Biochemical Imbalances |
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Term
|
Definition
| excess dopamine in the brain and/or excess dopamine receptors is associated with schizophrenic symptoms |
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Term
| Cognitive Perspective on Schizophrenia |
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Definition
diathesis-stress model
masking studies: schizophrenics need more time to process "hidden" objects (autism?) |
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Term
| Family-Systems Perspective on Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| expressed emotion: volatile emotions in parent are reflected in emotions and behaviors in child |
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Term
| Psychodynamic Perspective on Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| child is afraid of intimate relations and lives in a fantasy world |
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Term
| Humanistic/Existential Perspective on Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| result of feelings of alienation |
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Term
| Behavioral Perspective on Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| reinforcement of "crazy" behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| group of disorders characterized by severely impaired cognitive processes, personality disintegration, affective disturbances, and social withdrawl |
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Term
| Seishin-bunretsu-byou (Japan) |
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Definition
split in mind or spirit
highly stigmatized, irreversible condition |
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Term
| Schizophrenia in Western Countries |
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Definition
| Increased depressive symptoms, more thought broadcasting and insertion |
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Term
| Schizophrenia in Non-western Countries |
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Definition
| more visual and auditory hallucinations |
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Term
| Schizophrenia is over-diagnosed in which ethnic groups? |
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Definition
| African-Americans and Asian-Americans |
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Term
|
Definition
excited: agitated and hyperactive
withdrawn: extremely unresponsive - periods of prolonged stupor and mutism |
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Term
|
Definition
| schizophrenic episodes < 1 month |
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Term
| Schizophreniform Disorder |
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Definition
| schizophrenic episodes 1-6 months |
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Term
|
Definition
| persistent, nonbizarre delusions not accompanied by other unusual or odd behaviors |
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Term
| Shared Psychotic Disorder |
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Definition
| person with close relationship to an individual with delusional or psychotic beliefs comes to share those beliefs |
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Term
| Sociocultural Perspective on Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| low socioeconomic status is primary stressor |
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Term
|
Definition
| muscle tremors, shakiness, and immobility |
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Term
|
Definition
| slow, continued movements of limbs and tongue |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome |
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Definition
| muscle rigidity and autonomic instability |
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Term
|
Definition
| involuntary movement disorder |
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Term
|
Definition
| hospital environment operates as a community and patients exercise a wide range of responsibilities, helping to make decisions and manage the ward |
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Term
| Controversial Treatment for Rapists |
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Definition
| surgical castration, hormone therapy |
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Term
|
Definition
| antipsychotic drug that can help treat symptoms but can also produce undesirable side effects |
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Term
|
Definition
| transient, global disorder of cognition and attention (dominant symptom involves disorganized thinking) |
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Term
|
Definition
| serious impairment in at least 2 areas of cognitive functioning, typically results in a decline in occupational and social functioning |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the brain caused by viral or bacterial infection that produces symptoms of lethargy, drowsiness, fever, delirium, vomiting, and headaches |
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Term
|
Definition
| acute inflammation of the meninges (membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord) caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal germs which can result in localized destruction of brain tissue and seizures |
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Term
|
Definition
| deterioration of brain tissue due to syphilis, often resulting in general paresis (decay of psychological and motor functioning) |
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Term
|
Definition
| appears similar to dementia often found among the elderly, with symptoms of major depression |
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Term
|
Definition
| transient state associated with jarring of the brain (sudden impact) often resulting in loss of consciousness |
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Term
|
Definition
severe bruising of the brain
coup (point of impact) and countercoup (opposite point of impact) from back and forth whiplash |
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Term
|
Definition
| major tear or rupture in brain tissue (aka open-head injury) |
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Term
| Cerebrovascular Accidents |
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Definition
| caused by blockage or breaking of blood vessel in the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
blockage of blood supply to brain resulting in death of brain tissue
embolism (gradual) vs. thrombosis (sudden) |
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Term
|
Definition
| rupture of blood vessel, typically caused by hypertension |
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Term
|
Definition
| uneven deterioration of intellectual abilities caused by a series of minor strokes (aka multi-infarct dementia) |
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Term
|
Definition
| dominant symptom is severe memory loss for recent events, progressing to memory loss for distant events |
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Term
|
Definition
| progressively worsening disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability |
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Term
|
Definition
associated with thiamine deficiency - commonly present among alcoholics
dominant symptom is anterograde amnesia (cannot form new memories) |
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Term
|
Definition
| excessive secretion of thyroxin can result in motor agitation and symptoms similar to anxiety (aka hyperthyroidism) |
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Term
| Electroencephalograph (EEG) |
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Definition
| measures electrical activity of brain cells |
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Term
| Computerized Axial Tomography (CT) |
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Definition
| assesses brain damage by x-rays and computer technology |
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Term
| Cerebral Blood Flow Measurement |
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Definition
| the patient inhales a radioactive gas and a gamma ray camera tracks the gas in the blood flow as it moves throughout the brain |
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Term
| Positron Emission Tomography (PET) |
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Definition
| the patient is injected with radioactive glucose and the metabolism of glucose in the brain is monitored (assesses brain function) |
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Term
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
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Definition
| patient is placed in a magnetic field and radio waves are used to produce pictures of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
physical wound or injury to the brain
causes: falls, car accidents, struck by objects
symptoms: headaches, disorientation, confusion, memory loss, deficits in attention, poor concentration, fatigue, irritability |
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Term
|
Definition
decreased levels of acetylcholine
repeated head injuries
inflammation or decreased blood flow of the brain
infections and viruses
diet and nutrition
genes and heredity |
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Term
|
Definition
neurofibrillary plaques and senile tangles disrupt transmission of impulses
atrophy of brain tissue
problems focusing brain activity
progressive decline with no cure |
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|
Term
| Possible Causes of Parkinson's |
|
Definition
| infections of brain, toxins, cerebrovascular disorders, brain trauma, CO poisoning, genetic predisposition |
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Term
| Cruetzfeldt-Jakob Disease (aka mad-cow disease) |
|
Definition
| often leads to widespread degeneration of the brain, death occurs soon after onset |
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Term
|
Definition
| rare, generally transmitted degenerative disorder characterized by involuntary twitching movements and eventual dementia |
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Term
|
Definition
intermittent and brief periods of altered consciousness, often accompanied by seizures and excessive electrical discharge from brain cells
most common neurological disorder |
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