Term
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Definition
| the legal and genetic relationships amoung people who live under the same roof |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 Parents and 1 or more Children |
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Term
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Definition
| How a family meets the needs of its members |
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Term
| Need's of Family Function |
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Definition
| 1. Provide basic material needs (food, water safety) 2. encouraged learning 3. help them develop self-respect 4. nurture friendships 5. foster harmony and stability (healthy level of conflict) |
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Term
| Friendships in Older Children |
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Definition
| Demand more of their friends, change friends less often, become more upset when a friendhsip ends, find it harder to make new friends, seek friends that shar common interests and values. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to understand social interactions, including the causes and consequences of human behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Someone who attacks others and who is also attacked |
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Term
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Definition
| brain abnormality, genetic preadaption to agression, insecure attatchment, high stress home environment, harsh/ineffective punsihment, harsh interactions with siblings (high levels of agression) |
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Term
| Consequences of Bullying (for both Bully and Victim) |
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Definition
| high depression, low social understanding, low school achievments, relationship difficulties, suicide (higher in victims) |
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Term
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Definition
| getting whole school involved in the bullying, intervention, evaluation is critical |
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Term
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Definition
| (8-13) the time between the first onrush of hormones and full adult physicaldevelopment |
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Term
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Definition
| (12 yr 8 mon)1st menstral period, 1st ovulation, can reproduce |
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Term
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Definition
| (13yrs) 1st ejaculation (can reproduce) |
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Term
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Definition
| An organic chemical substance, produced by one body tissue and conveyed via the bloodstream to another to affect some psysiological functions |
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Term
| Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal Axis (HPA) |
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Definition
| path in which hormones take, deals more with with emotions and behaviors (sexuality, mood, stress, emotions) |
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Term
| Hypothalamus Pituitary Gonad Axis (HPG) |
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Definition
| a sequence of hormone production, deals more with physical (testicles for males and overres in females) |
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Term
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Definition
| a sex hormone, the most well known of the androgens (20X more likely in males) |
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Term
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Definition
| a sex hormone, considered the chief estrogen (8X more likely in females) |
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Term
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Definition
| The rise in hormone levels that signals puberty starts at age 8 to 14, 2/3 of age variation is genetic |
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Term
| Causes of increased puberty |
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Definition
| obesity increases avg. age to sooner, hormones in food, stress |
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Term
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Definition
| higher depression levels, lower self esteem, a poorer body image |
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Term
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Definition
| more aggressive, higher delinquit behavior, higher alcohol abuse |
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Term
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Definition
| higher depression, more anxious, afraid of sex |
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Term
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Definition
| realitively sudden and rapid physical growth that occurs during puberty |
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Term
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Definition
| extrimites to the cores, weight increase usually precceds hight increase, muscle spurt then occurs, lungs triple in weight, heart doubles in size |
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Term
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Definition
| increase in sexual activity (hormones, cohort, culture) |
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Term
| decrease in double standard |
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Definition
| teen births down, use of protection up, teen abortions down |
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Term
| problems with sexual activity |
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Definition
| earlier puberty, earlier sex, earlier sex, earlier pregnancy, STI's more common |
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Term
| Sensation Seeking and Risk |
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Definition
| high levels of emotions that go unchecked by caution, higher regard for rewarrd |
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Term
| Benefits of adlolecent brain development |
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Definition
| enhanced dopamine, promoting leasureable experiences, synaptic grouth enhances moral development, openness to new expeiences and ideas, creativity and flexibility |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an aspect of adolescent thinkingthat leads young people to focus on themselves to the exclusion of others (theory of mind) |
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Term
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Definition
| adolecents believe their experiences are unique (better or worse than everyone elses) |
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Term
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Definition
| it's not gonna happen to me |
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Term
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Definition
| idea that everyone is watching you/judging you (can continue into adulthood) |
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Term
| formal operational thought |
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Definition
| characterized by more systematic logic and the ability to think about abstract ideas |
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Term
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Definition
| reasoining that includes propostitions and possibilites that may not reflect reality |
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Term
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Definition
| reasoning from a general statement premise, or principle, throught logical steps, to figure out specifics (top down reasoning) |
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Term
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Definition
| reasoning from one or more specific experiences or facts to a general conclusion (bottom-up reasoning) |
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Term
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Definition
| arises from an emotion or hunch beyond rational explanation |
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Term
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Definition
| results from analysis such as a systematic ranking or pros and cons, risks and consequnces, possibilities and facts |
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Term
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Definition
| the point at which a person understands who he or she is as a unique individual (establishes own goals and values) |
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Term
| role confusion (identiy diffusion) |
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Definition
| little commitment to finding identity (apathetic) |
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Term
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Definition
| premature identity formation taking on parents goals and blindly accepting them |
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Term
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Definition
| identity timeout, spend time trying out different "selfs" |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| religioun, political, vocational, gender |
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Term
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Definition
| the encrouragement to confrom to your friends/be similar to them |
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Term
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Definition
| destructive peer support in which one person shows another how to rebel against authority or social norms |
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Term
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Definition
| a persons idea of how his or her body looks |
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Term
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Definition
| an eating disorder characterized by self-starvation. |
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Term
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Definition
| and eating disorder characterized by binge eating and subsequent purging, usuallt by induced vomiting and/or use of laxatives |
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Term
| causes of eating disorders |
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Definition
| culutral image, stress, puberty, hormones, childhood patterns |
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Term
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Definition
| a disease spread by sexual contact, including syphillis, gonorrhea, genital herpes, clamydia, and HIV |
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Term
| life course persistent offender |
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Definition
| a person whose criminal activity typically begins in early adolescence and continues throughout life; a career criminal |
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Term
| adolecent-limited offender |
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Definition
| a person whose criminal activity stopes by age 21 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the process of aging whereby the body becomes less strong and effiecient |
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Term
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Definition
| the adjustment of all the body systems to keep physiological functions in a state of equilibrim (shivering, sweating, fighting bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
| the capacity of organs to allow the body to cope with stress, via extra unused functioning ability |
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Term
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Definition
| gives a model of understanding in the mental illness increase in emerging adulthood |
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Term
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Definition
| crazy spots with high risk, motor cross, surfing, sky diving |
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Term
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Definition
| occupational hobbies with high risk |
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Term
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Definition
| a method of reducing risky behaviors among emerging adults that is based on their desire to follow social norms |
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Term
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Definition
| customs for usual behavior within a particular society |
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Term
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Definition
| maximum potential health range, full height, muscle growth and fat accumulation continue into early 20's |
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Term
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Definition
| sex drive is powerful, infertility is rare, orgasim is frequent, and birth is easy |
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Term
| purposes of sex and impact |
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Definition
| reproduction, recreation, relationship, causes unintentional emotional entanglements and stress |
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Term
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Definition
| 25% sweating, chest pain, muscle tension, increased breathing, neausea, blood pressure, dizziness |
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Term
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Definition
| bizzar thoughts/dilussional thinking, not being able to distinguish between reality and non-reality |
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Term
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Definition
| peaks 18-25 drops significantly by 65 |
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Term
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Definition
| reduces blood pressure, strengthens heart and lungs, makes depression, osteoperosis, heart disease, cancer, arthritis less likely |
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Term
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Definition
| a particular body weight that an individuals homeostatic process strive to maintain |
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Term
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Definition
| the ratio of a persons weight in kilograms divided by his or her height in meters squared |
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Term
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Definition
| a proposed stage of cognitive development after piaget's 4 stages |
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Term
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Definition
| thinking that is based on personal qualities of the individual thinker |
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Term
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Definition
| thinking that is not based on thinkers personal qualities but instead based on valid facts and numbers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ability to consider thesis and its antithesis and arrive at a synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| belief that opposes the thesis |
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Term
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Definition
| a new idea that intergrates the thesis and its antithesis thus representing a new and more comprehensive level of truth |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to combine emotions intellect personal experience and knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
| secure voationals and financial future and better health |
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Term
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Definition
| used to be white wealthy males, now its it just about anybody |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 times as many colleges and more programs and more part time factuly women and minorities |
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Term
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Definition
| cognitive flexibility, particularly the ability to change ones childhood assumptions |
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Term
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Definition
| the possibility that one's appearance or behavior will be misread to confirm another person'd oversimplified prejudece attitudes |
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Term
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Definition
| moral principles that reflect the tendency of females to be reluctant to justge right and wrong in absolute terms because they are socialized to be nurturant, compassionate, and nonjudgemental |
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Term
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Definition
| moral principles that reflect the tendency of males to emphasize justice over compassion, judging right and wrong in absolute terms |
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Term
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Definition
| 6th ericksons, progress from atrraction to close connection to ongoing commitment |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual encounter between two people who are not in a romantic relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| living with an unrelated person typically a romantic parter to whome one is not married |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| open to new experiences not fixed |
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Term
| situational couple ciolence |
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Definition
| fighting between romantic partners that is brought on more by the situation than by the dep personality problems on the individuals |
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Term
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Definition
| a violent and demeaning form of abuse in a romantic relationship where the victim is frigthened to fight back seek help or withdraw. |
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Term
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Definition
| hearing aid becomes necessary |
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Term
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Definition
| time in middle age when woman's menstrual periods cease production of estrogen prestrogen and testosterone drops |
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Term
| Hormone replacement therapy |
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Definition
| reduces symptoms of menopause, replaces hormones, increases cancer /heart disease, decreases osteoporosis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| any situation, experience or stimulus that causes stress |
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Term
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Definition
| neurons = slow, messages sent from axon not picked up quickly, slow complex working memory, multitasking, and reaction time |
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Term
| Reproduction and sex responses in late aduthood |
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Definition
| more difficult, slower responses more with mind? Anxiety, interpersonal relationship, own prophecy |
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Term
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Definition
| the wear and tear on the body that results from either too much stress or inefficient management of stress. |
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Term
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Definition
| gradual accumulation of stressors over tie wearing down resilience and resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| one basic trait that involves cognition abilities which people posses in varying amounts |
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Term
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Definition
| abilities such as working memory abstract thought, speed of thinking |
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Term
| crystallized intelligence |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| abstract planning, focused attention, information processing, verbal and logical skills |
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Term
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Definition
| intellectually flexible innovative |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| selective optimization and compensation |
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Definition
| Baltes and Baltes, maintain balance via compensation for physical and cognitive loses |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| notably more knowledgeable |
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Term
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Definition
| supposed period of unusual anxiety, sudden transformation |
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Term
| big five (changes in adulthood) |
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Definition
| openness (d), conscientiousness (u), extroversion (d), agreeableness (u), neurotilism (d) |
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Term
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Definition
| people choose their particular social context |
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Term
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Definition
| several groups of different ages over a long period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| same individuals followed over a period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| compares groups of people in different age groups |
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Term
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Definition
| people who move through life with you (family members, friends, even strangers) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| middle aged people stretched via older generation and younger |
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Term
| extrinsic benifits of work |
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Definition
| money and being able to buy stuff |
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Term
| intrinsic benifits of work |
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Definition
| value you get, via pride, self esteem etc |
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Term
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Definition
| physiology, safety, love and belonging, success and esteem, actualization |
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Term
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Definition
| closer, sibling supportive, |
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Term
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Definition
| first 6 months, honeymoon period (happiest), 6mon-5year happiness dips, divorce is common, 1s child is born, 5-10yr happiness holds steady, 10-20 yrs, happiness dips as children hit pubery, 20-30 happiness increases empty nest, 30-50 happiness s high and steady |
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Term
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Definition
| family opposed, previous divorce, differences, married too soon, financial stress, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| a prejudice in which people are categorized and judged solely on the basis of there chronological age |
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Term
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Definition
| a condescending way of speaking to adults that resembles baby talk |
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Term
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Definition
| the multidisciplinary study of old age |
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Term
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Definition
| medical specialty devoted to old age |
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Term
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Definition
| a shift in the proportions of the population of various ages |
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Term
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Definition
| (70%) healthy vigorous, financially secure older adults. (typically living on own in community) 60-70 yrs old |
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Term
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Definition
| people over 100 years old |
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Term
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Definition
| 20% older adults who suffer from physical, mental, or social deficit but still care for themselves (75-85) |
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Term
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Definition
| 10% elderly adults who are dependant upon others requiring service (85+) |
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Term
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Definition
| the universal irreversible changes that come with aging (wrinkles, gray hair, etc. can't be avoided) |
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Term
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Definition
| more illnesses and diseases that can be effected sue to environment and lifestyle. They can be changed reversed or prevented. |
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Term
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Definition
| #1 cause of death in older generations, disease that involves the heart and circulatory systems, typically includes heart disease, stroke, arteriosclerosis, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| comparing the body to a car, a process in which the human body wears out due to the passage of time and exposure to stressors |
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Term
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Definition
| the oldest possible age to which members of a species can live (currently oldest woman to live was 122) |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of years that the average person in a particular population is likely to live ( currently 76 for males and 81 for females) |
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Term
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Definition
| atoms of oxygen that have an unpaired electron |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical compounds that nullify the effects of oxygen free radicals by forming a bond with their unattached oxygen electron |
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Term
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Definition
| immune cells in the bone marrow that create antibodies for isolation and destroying bacteria and viruses |
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Term
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Definition
| immune cells in the thymus gland that produce substances that attack infected cells in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| can become self fulfilling prophecy, and harmful to everyday life. Causes them to not exercise or have confidence in self to do everyday tasks, can increase chances of problems due to thought process that it will happen |
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Term
| Key predictors to cardiovascular disease |
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Definition
| common factors during the cardio vascular heath study found all those with cardio vascular problems also had diabetes, smoked, abdominal fat, high blood pressure, didn't exercise, and high cholesterol |
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Term
| How scene scene effects sense organs and bones |
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Definition
| osteoporosis increases, appearce changes become more noticable, vision problems (cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration) hearing, taste smell and touch |
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Term
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Definition
| the part of the information-processing system that regulates the analysis and flow of information. Memory and retrival stratigies, selective attention, selective attention, and rules or stratigies for problem solving etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| the most common cause of dementia characterized by gradual deteriration of memory and personality (marked by the formation of plaques and tnagles) |
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Term
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Definition
| the ideal self vs. the real self and when the two come together, being able to form self acceptance |
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Term
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Definition
| an examination of one's own part they have played in history |
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Term
| Information processions after 65 |
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Definition
| sensory input - information becomes lost or unimportant information is kept, not processed as it should be, working memory - brain slows down, multitasking, infering, reason, etc become more difficult, long term - stays the same (emotional memories remain) |
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Term
|
Definition
| wisdom = an expert knowledge system dealing with the conduct and understanding of life, not all old people are wise |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of dementia characterized by a sporadi, and progressive, loss of intellectual functioning caused by repeated infarcts, or temporary obstructions of blood vessels which prevent sufficent blood blood from reaching the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| deterioration of the amygdala and frontal lobes that may be the cause of 15% of all dementias. |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of dementia characterized by an increase in Lewy body cells in the brain. Symptoms include visual hallucinations, momentary loss of attention, falling, and fainting |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to a situatiom in which elderly people are prescribed several medications. The various side effects and interactions of those medications can result in dementia symtoms |
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Term
|
Definition
| slowing down senescence, exercise, exercising the brain, avoid pathogens, |
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Term
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Definition
| integrity - honesty, consistency in character and in values, exploring philosophy, arts, having self-acceptance |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for elderly people to percieve, prefer, and remember the postivie images and experiences more than the negative ones |
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Term
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Definition
| theories that emphasize that social forces limit individual choices and effect a person ability to function on late adulthood. |
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Term
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Definition
| the view that elderly people want and need to remain active in a variety of social spheres |
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Term
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Definition
| living at home, not leaving house, taking pride in homes tasks, hobbies suchs as gardening and home improvement |
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Term
|
Definition
| people over 65 and often 85 + who are physically infirmed, very ill, or cognitively disabled |
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Term
| Instrumental activities of daily life |
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Definition
| actions important to independent living that require some intellectual competence and forthought (paying bills, owning a car, cooking, cleaning, laundry, grocery shopping, *managing medications, and using a phone) |
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Term
|
Definition
| actions that are important to independent living, typicallt idintifies as 5 tasks of self care (eating, bathing, toiling, dressing, transferring from a bed to a chair) |
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Term
|
Definition
| a living arrangement for the elderly people that combines privacy and independence with medical supervision |
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Term
| Activities in late adulthood |
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Definition
| work (boosts self esteem), volunteer work, political activism, religious involvement, hobbies) |
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Term
| caring for the frail and elderly |
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Definition
| spouse of daughter usually cares for them, or assisted living, or nursing home |
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Term
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Definition
| good nursing care is avaliable for those who can offord it and know what to look for |
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Term
| $ approaches to dealing with grandchildren |
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Definition
| Remote grandparents (emotionally distant), companionate (fun-loving, spoiled), involved (active in day to day lives, live close), surrogate (raise the grandchildren) |
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Term
|
Definition
| feelings of hopelessness, lethargy, and worthlessness that lasts 2 weeks or more |
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Term
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Definition
| thinking about suicude isially with some serious emotional and intellectual or cognitive overtones. |
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Term
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Definition
| any potentially lethal action agaisnt the self that does not result in death |
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Term
|
Definition
| the view that aging makes a person's social sphere increasingly narrow |
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Term
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Definition
| the 4th of Erickson's psycho social crisis, children attempt to master many skills developing a sense of themselves as either industrious or inferior, competent or incompetent. |
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