Mood Disorders:

Bipolar disorder

Major depression

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Alternating periods of depression and extreme elation

Mania – 

Pathologically excessive elation or manic excitement

Major depression -   

•       Must last a minimum of two weeks

•       Accounts for majority of mental hospital admissions

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) –

Believed to be caused by deprivation of sunlight

Anxiety Disorders

Generalized anxiety disorder –

Panic disorder –

Phobia or phobic disorder –

Preparedness hypothesis – 

Specific Phobias - 

Social Phobias - .

Agoraphobia - 

PTSD -

Obsessive-compulsive disorder –

Characterized by patterns of persistent, unwanted thoughts and behaviors

•       Obsession-thoughts, images, impulses that reoccur

•       Compulsions-repetitive,  purposeful acts

based on the priciples of behvioral learning

classical and operant conditioning, obserational learning

anxiety is extinguished by systematically exposing the patient to an anxiety-provoking stimulus using a hierarchy of fear and relxation technique

patient directly confronts the anxiety-provoking stimulus after preperation of coping tools

ex: flooding

and graduated

attractive stimulus paired with unpleasent stimulation in order to condition a repulsive reaction

approach to changeing behavior by altering consequences

new since 1950

prozac- SSRI(more seritonin in you brain)

abilify 

shock treatment

applys a electric curren to temples briefly

paiteint is put to sleep

high powered magnetic stimulation to the brain

also effective for bipolar disorder

FDA apporved in 2008

Developmental Disorders

Autism –

Marked by impoverished ability to “read” other peoples, use language, and interact socially

Dyslexia -

A reading disability, thought by some experts to involve a brain disorder

incapacity to relate the sounds or phonics to actual written letters and words

AD/HD -

Disability involving short attention span, distractibility, and extreme difficulty in remaining inactive for any period

Autism –

Marked by impoverished ability to “read” other peoples, use language, and interact socially

Dyslexia -

A reading disability, thought by some experts to involve a brain disorder

incapacity to relate the sounds or phonics to actual written letters and words

AD/HD -

Somatoform Disorders

Psychosomatic - mental conditions lead to actual physical disease

Conversion - paralysis, weakness, or loss of sensation, but with no discernible physical cause

Hypochondriasis – Somatoform disorder involving excessive concern about health and disease

Psychosomatic - 

mental conditions lead to actual physical disease

Conversion - 

paralysis, weakness, or loss of sensation, but with no discernible physical cause

Hypochondriasis – 

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative Amnesia – A psychologically induced loss of memory for personal information

Dissociative Fugue - Dissociative amnesia w/ addition of “flight” from one’s home, family, job

Depersonalization Disorder –sensation of mind and body having separated

Dissociative Identity Disorder – Condition in which the individual displays multiple identities

Personality Disorders

•       rigid, long-term patterns of inflexible and maladaptive behavior

•       that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society.

Dramatic/Impulsive

Anti-social Disorder -

A disregard for social rules, norms, and cultural codes, characterized by

•       Impulsive behavior

•       Indifference to the rights and feelings of others

•       Beginning in childhood and continuing past age 18

Histrionic -

·  

     Excessive, dramatic, emotional reactions and attention seeking

·       often sexually provocative;

·       highly impressionable & suggestible;

·       out of touch with negative feelings.

Borderline -

•       Pattern of severe instability of self-image, interpersonal relationships, emotions

•       Fear of abandonment

•       often expressing alternating extremes of love and hatred toward the same person;

•       high frequency of manipulative suicidal behavior.

•       Borderline of psychosis & neurosis (psychotic thinking & extreme exaggerations of fact)

Narcissistic -

•       grandiose fantasies or behavior

•       lack of empathy

•       oversensitivity to evaluation

•       constant need for admiration from others

•       proud self-display.

Anxious/Dependent

Avoidant -

•       Extreme social discomfort and timidity;

•       feelings of inadequacy

•       fearfulness of being negatively evaluated.

Dependent -

•       Extreme submissive and dependent behavior;

•       fears of separation from those who satisfy dependency needs.

Obsessive-Compulsive -

•       Extreme perfectionism, orderliness, and inflexibility;

•       preoccupied with mental and interpersonal control.

Odd/Eccentric

Schizoid -

•       Indifference to social relationships and experience; displays a restricted range of expressed emotions.

Schizotypal -

•       Odd thoughts, appearance, and behavior; extreme discomfort in social situations.

Paranoid -

Schizophrenic Disorders

Schizophrenia –

•       severe psychopathology

•       personality disintegrates

•       Cognitive processes distorted

Diathesis-Stress Hypothesis -

Genetic factors place the individual at risk, but environmental stress factors transform this potential into an actual schizophrenic disorder