Term
| The scientific study of the changes that occur in people as they age from conception to death is called ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is a main disadvantage of the cross-sectional design? |
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Definition
| Individuals of different ages are being compared to one another |
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Term
| How did Vygostky think children learned best? |
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Definition
| social interaction with higher skilled learners |
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Term
| Which of Erik Erikson's psychosocial crises revolve around the child's learning to direct his or her own behavior? |
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Definition
| autonomy versus shame and doubt |
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Term
| Humans have a total of ____ chromosomes. |
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Definition
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| ________ babies in Ainsworth's study were clinging and unwilling to explore, very upset by the stranger regardless of the mother's presence, protested mightily when the mother left, were hard to soothe, and had mixed reactions upon mother's return. |
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Definition
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Term
| By about 12 months, most infants ________. |
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Definition
| build a vocabulary of one-word phrases |
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Term
| Older people who were often labeled as "senile" in the past were most likely suffering from ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Rod-shaped structures in the cell nucleus that contain genes are referred to as _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Vision and hearing begin to decline in the ... |
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Definition
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Term
| When does marital satisfaction appear to reach its highest level? |
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Definition
| possibly during late adulthood |
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Term
| Define object permanence. |
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Definition
| knowing objects are still there even though they can't be seen. |
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Term
| George, at age 42, lost his job, was divorced by his wife, and couldn't seem to keep friends for very long. George came more and more to feel that he was accomplishing nothing with his life. According to Erikson, George is probably: |
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Definition
| experiencing feelings of stagnation |
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Term
| According to Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, when bargaining fails, ______ usually results. |
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Definition
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Term
| As an infant, Liz never liked change, but if you introduce new things gradually, she will eventually accept them without too much fuss. Liz is most likely... |
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Definition
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Term
| Professor Grant is interested in studying the development of a sense of humor. She collects data from groups of 6-year-olds, 16-year-olds, 26-year-olds, and 46-year-olds. What type of research design is Professor Grant using? |
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Definition
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Term
| A decline in testosterone in the mid twenties is called ... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following statements about adult ADHD is true? (a) children with ADHD almost always grow out of it by adulthood; (b) medication is not recommended as a treatment for adult ADHD; (c) ADHD adults rarely need any treatment at all; (d) the symptoms of ADHD in adulthood are similar to those in children |
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Definition
| (d) the symptoms of ADHD in adulthood are similar to those in children |
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Term
| Which of the following statements is true? (a) by trying to protect people from the unpleasant realities of death, we may actually increase their fear of it; (b) Kubler-Ross believed that American culture is death affirming; (c) Kubler-Ross believed that only a few people follow the five-stage model of the dying process; (d) some critics question the universality of the Kubler-Ross model |
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Definition
| (d) some critics question the universality of the Kubler-Ross model |
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Term
| In the ________ reflex, the baby moves its head toward any light touch to its face. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the emotional bond that forms between an infant and a primary caregiver called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following statements about adolescence is FALSE? (a) it ends when puberty is complete; (b) it is a time during which the young person is no longer a child but is not yet an adult; (c) it is a time of preoccupation with one's own thoughts; (d) it begins with the onset of puberty |
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Definition
| (a) it ends when puberty is complete |
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Term
| Differences between age groups would cause the most serious problems for which developmental method? (a) cross-sectioanl; (b) cross-sequential; (c) longitudinal; (d) cross-cultural |
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Definition
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Term
| The spongelike organ that provides nourishment for the growing baby and filters away waste products is called the... |
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Definition
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Term
| Lawrence Kohlberg is noted for his theories of _______ development. |
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Definition
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Term
| The vast majority of older adults are (a) sexually active, but no longer orgasmic; (b) sexually active and orgasmic; (c) uninterested in sex, even if capable of sexual activity; (d) impotent of incapable of sexual response |
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Definition
| (b) sexually active and orgasmic |
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Term
| A sense of completeness of one's ego, or identity, is called... |
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Definition
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Term
| The drug most abused by pregnant women is __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Erik knows that the Saint Bernard is a large dog instead of a little pony. This is an example of what Piaget called __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Today's worker may change careers as many as ________ times. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Kohlberg, most adolescents are at the _______ level of morality. |
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Definition
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Term
| The fertilized egg cell is called a _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Children diagnosed with Downs Syndrome have ... (in regards to chromosomes) |
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Definition
| an extra chromosome in the 21st pair |
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Term
| Vygotsky defines _________ as the difference between what a child can do alone and what that child can do with help. |
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Definition
| zone of proximal development |
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Term
| Piaget's term for the knowledge that an object exists even when it is out of sight is __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The description and explanation of behavior changes in the individual and the differences between the individuals from conception to death is called ________. |
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Definition
| the life-span development approach |
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Term
| The design that combines the two other development designs is called _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following describes the embryonic period? |
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Definition
| the period during which the major organs and structures of the organism first develop |
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Term
| "Experience is the key to all knowledge" is associated with ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ refers to heredity and _________ refers to environmental influences. |
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Definition
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Term
| A man beat up two men who had raped his daughter. If you were asked, "was the old man right to do this?" which answer would be HIGHEST according to Kohlberg's level of moral development? |
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Definition
| the man was right according to his belief that his daughter had been unjustly wronged, and he was correcting this wrong |
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Term
| Each of the following is a main theme of one of Kubler-Ross' five stages in accepting one's own death except ______. (a) anger; (b) loneliness; (c)acceptance; (d) depression |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following statements concerning vaccinations is true? (a) there is no reason to immunize one's own child if all of the other children in school are immunized; (b) vaccines are one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of the diseases they treat; (c) the side effects of vaccins are more harmful than the effects of the diseases they prevent; (d) children who are given an immunization can get the disease from it |
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Definition
| (b) vaccines are one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of the diseases they treat |
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Term
| Which group of retired men would be MOST likely to consider "women's work" demeaning? (a) physicians; (b) college professors; (c) upper middle-class men; (d) working-class men |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the period of pregnancy in which the zygote moves down to the uterus? |
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Definition
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Term
| The life-span development approach has which of the following goals? (a) explain the results of learning from conception to death; (b) describe the physical changes that occur between birth and adolescence; (c) describe and explain behavior changes within an indivdual and differences between indivduals from conception to death; (d) investigate the influence of heredity and enviroment upon individuals from conception to death |
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Definition
| (c) describe and explain behavior changes within an individual and differences between individuals from conception to death |
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Term
| The correct sequence of the five stages of death and dying postualed by Kubler-Ross is ________. |
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Definition
| denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance |
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Term
| What is the correct order for Piaget's four stages of cognitive development? |
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Definition
| sensory-motor, preoperational, concrete operations, formal operations |
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Term
| A psychologist spends her entire career studying how and why changes occur in people as they get older. This psychologist is most likely a(n) _______ psychologist. |
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Definition
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Term
| Erik Erikson found that each stage in personality development has a particulur _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| A researcher tries to reconstruct a person's past by interviewing the person and by consulting various other sources that relate to the person's life. This method of conducting research is called the ________ approach. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following concepts was NOT used by Piaget? (a) critical period; (b) schema; (c) accommodation; (d) assimilation |
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Definition
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Term
| The period of development from conception to birth is called the ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a weakness associated with longitudinal research? |
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Definition
| it costs a lot in terms of time and money |
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Term
| Erikson saw the major challenge of young adulthood as that of _________. |
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Definition
| intimacy versus isolation |
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Term
| What is an advantage of longitudinal research? |
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Definition
| it can measure stability of behavior |
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Term
| The belief that one is the center of the world is called, by Piaget: |
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Definition
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Term
| At birth, babies... (in regard to colors) |
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Definition
| can distinguish most, but not all, colors |
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Term
| Which theorist believe that people go through stages, each of which has a "crisis" associated with it? |
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Definition
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Term
| Jean Piaget is noted for his theory of _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Based on Piagetian theory, which of the following relationships is NOT correct? (a) formal operations --egocentrism; (b) sensorimotor--developing object permanence; (c) concrete operations--have attained conservation; (d) preoperational--animism |
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Definition
| (a) formal operations--egocentrism |
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Term
| What is the correct order of the developmental sequence? |
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Definition
| ovum, embryo, fetus, infant |
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Term
| Which of the following is a false statement? (a) babies cannot hear until after they are born; (b) babies have the ability to match vision and hearing; (c) in some ways, infants are better at distinguishing sounds than adults are; (d) newborns will turn their heads toward a sound source |
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Definition
| (a) babies cannot hear until after they are born |
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Term
| Gloria was born prematurely. Gloria may be able to live out of her mother's body if: (a) she was in the 7th or later month of her prenatal development; (b) she had passed her age of viability; (c) she was born less than 2 months before she was due; (d) all of the above |
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Definition
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Term
| Metamemory is defined as... |
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Definition
| learning how memories work |
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Term
| What is a mental concept formed through experiences with objects and events? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is not included in the four critical areas of adjustment for a newborn? (a) reflexes; (b) digestion; (c) respiration; (d) circultaion |
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Definition
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Term
| Cells have a certain number of times to reproduce before damage is done. This is the definition for: (what theory) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which kind of attachment would be where a baby doesn't react to a return or leave of a loved one? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| stringing words together to form short simple sentences |
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Term
| Traits which are typical of sex but not directly concerned with reproduction are called _________. |
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Definition
| secondary sexual characteristics |
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Term
| Betty and Bob are 12-year-old twins. What is probably an accurate statement about their physical development? (regarding their height and weight) |
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Definition
| Betty may be taller and heavier than Bob |
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Term
| The development of secondary sex characteristics: (A) occurs only in boys; (b) provides external signs of the approach of puberty; (c) occurs only in girls; (d) is directly concerned with reproduction |
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Definition
| (b) provides external signs of the approach of puberty |
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Term
| According to Erik Erikson, the crucial task conrtoning a person approaching death is that of establishing or attaining _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The cessation of menstruation is called _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F : The idea of scaffolding was part of Vygotsky's theory. |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F : There are Five Motor Milestones |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F : The science of heredity is called genetics. |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F : Nature and nurture both factor into determining development. |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F : Monozygotic twins are often called fraternal twins. |
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Definition
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Term
| All of the following are motor milestones in infant development except (a) rolling over; (b) walking; (c) running; (d) sitting up |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following phenomena is most closely associated with the concept of critical period? (a) classical conditioning; (b) imprinting; (c) creolization; (d) motor programs |
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Definition
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Term
| Research indicates that onset of puberty _________. (regarding how soon or late it occurs) |
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Definition
| is occurring at earlier ages than ever before in developed countries |
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Term
| The most obvious change ushering in adolescence is _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The pattern of events that is repeated in each new generation is referred to as the __________. |
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Definition
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