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| mind and body separate, knowledge built within, principles/ logics= basics of beliefs |
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| student of Socrates, held same ideas as Socrates |
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| conclusions based on data and observation, knowledge comes from experience, mind and body connected |
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| One of the founders of modern science, centers on experimentation and observation... scientific method |
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| essay concerning human understanding, tabula rasa and with experience writing is added |
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| localized functions of the brain |
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| Founder of psychological science, University of Lipzeig, Timing of awareness of sound, measure the atoms of the mind |
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| student of Wundt, structuralism, introspection, faults with Wundt were that his practices were inconsistent and unreliable |
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| studied functions of thoughts and feelings, experimental psych flourishes, influenced by evolutionist Charles Darwin |
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| obscure neurologist, listened to patients, felt problems were mental, rooted in childhood trauma |
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| believed problems were rooted in the brain due to the biology of the brain |
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| practiced psychodynamic perspective |
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| practiced psychodynamic perspective |
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| practiced behaviorist perspective |
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| practiced behaviorist perspective |
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| practiced behaviorist perspective |
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| practiced cognitive perspective |
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| practiced cognitive perspective |
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| practiced humanist perspective |
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| an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind. |
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| deals with how we perceive things and how we think and feel (ex: Wilhelm Wundt's experiments dealing with how and when the brain received a sound) |
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| a school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function |
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| a broad theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy |
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| there are four different fluids in your body called humors and any change from equality could effect your personality |
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| the brain is divided into certain sections and depending on bumps on your head you could have an increase in that certain area of emotion |
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| causes of behavior found in the mind are innate, biologically based |
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| operates according to pleasure principle |
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| operates according to reality principle |
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| Projective Tests (ex: Rorshach) |
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| depending on what you saw or drew projected how you felt in your subconscious |
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| the process of saying freely whatever comes to mind in connection with dreams, memories, fantasies, or conflicts |
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| where dreams have mean (when Id has free reign) |
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| an intense focus in which the person is vulnerable to suggestion |
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| a moment of awareness of the problem "a-ha" moment |
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| an emotional release association of traumatic memories or repressed impulses |
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| unconscious feeling of love or hate projected onto the analyst |
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| blank slate: idea that people are born into the world with no preconceptions (nurture!) |
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Positive: good grades and monetary reward
Negative: parents quite nagging, fear of failure gone |
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Positive: friends call you a nerd
Negative: time with friends is limited |
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| Little Albert Experiments |
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| To prove tabula rasa and fears are from nurturing, a baby was faced with scary things and showed no reaction of fear |
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| Systematic Desnsitization |
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| step by step removing the fear of the affected. teaching the client to associate relaxation with object instead of anxiety |
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| expose client to most feared situation and help the deal with anxiety |
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| learn by watching someone else |
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| step by step reinforcement to mold into desired behavior |
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| removing a behavior by pairing it with an unwanted simulation |
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| desired behaviors are rewarded with tokens which may be exchanged for a reward |
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| a form of therapy designed to identify and change irrational thinking to reduce negative emotions |
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| Unconditional Positive Regard |
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| never accusing or looking down on, client and therapist are on equal grounds and accept each other, must have for humanist therapy |
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| Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy |
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| challenges unrealistic middle thought that effects the reaction to an event |
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| the ability to put one's self in another place |
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| mirroring clients thoughts and feelings |
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| psychotherapist, psychoanalyst, psychiatrist, psychologist |
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| (MD or PhD) psychoanalysis only |
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| (MD) diagnose/treat mental disorders |
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| prescribed for: schizophrenia, other psychoses, Impulsive Anger, Bipolar Disorder |
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| prescribed for: depression, anxiety disorder, panic disorder, OCD |
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| mood disorder, panic disorder |
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| Cautions of Drug Treatments |
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| relapse, placebo effect, dosage problems, addiction/long-term risk |
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| destroy surgically the areas of the brain responsible for disorders |
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| given to severe depression when no other treatments work, can damage brain, and usually short-lived cure |
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| magnetic pulses through prefrontal cortex (older technique than ECT) |
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| go through eye socket and rewire the prefrontal cortex (used surgical instrument:ice pick) |
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| creative expression and achieve full potential |
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| discussion and acceptance of philosophical topics such as meaning of life and death |
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| Family-systems Perspective |
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| Where the family is used to discover the core of problem |
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| keeps from relapse longer, also keeps from an addiction to drugs, more effective |
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| use of unsupported unempirically supported techniques, inappropriate influence, prejudice, sexual intamacies |
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| the view that a) knowledge comes from experience, and b) science flourishes through observation and experimentation. |
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| the argument on whether reactions are pre-programmed or learned |
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