Term
| Which of the following statements is NOT true? |
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Definition
| Physical attractiveness, education, age, and gender are factors of overall happiness |
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Term
| In Classical Conditioning, the stimulus that does not normal response or reflex action by itself? |
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Definition
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Term
| Schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced after a specified number of responses? |
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Definition
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Term
| Mental grouping of similar objects, events, or people: |
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Definition
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Term
| Tendency to approach a problem in a way that has worked in the past: |
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Definition
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Term
| Defined originally as the ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100: |
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Definition
| intelligence quotient (IQ) |
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Term
| Which memory store holds information long enough to be processed for basic physical characteristics? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process that control the from of information from long-term to working memory? |
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Definition
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Term
| Memory tied to your own personal experiences: |
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Definition
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Term
| Recall improved if internal physiological or emotional state is the same during testing and initial encoding: |
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Definition
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Term
| In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what is the highest level needed to fulfill on's unique potential? |
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Definition
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Term
| Desire to perform a behavior for its own sake or to be effective: |
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Definition
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Term
| In Classical Conditioning, the stimulus that always elicits a reflex action: an unconditioned response. |
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Definition
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Term
| The type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if it is follow by reinforcement of diminished if followed by punishment: |
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Definition
| operant conditioning/learning |
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Term
| Any event that strenghthen sthe behavior it folows: |
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Definition
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Term
| Schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced after a unpredictable number of responses: |
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Definition
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Term
| Rule or set of steps that guarantees to solve a particular problem: |
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Definition
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Term
| Rule of thumb for judging ht eliklihood of things in terms of how well the they seen to represent, match, particular prototypes: |
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Definition
| representativeness heuristic |
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Term
| Success with which a test predicts the behavior it's designed to predict: |
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Definition
| Predictive/criterion-related validity |
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Term
| What is necessary to transfer infomration to transfer information from sensory memory store to working memory store: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term for grouping small bits of information into longer units of information? |
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Definition
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Term
| What memory store has a fairly permanent duration and unlimited capacity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What process controls movement from working to long-term memory? |
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Definition
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Term
| Memory not tied to personal events (general facts and definitions): |
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Definition
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Term
| Improved ability to remember if a person is tested in the same environment as the initial learning environment: |
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Definition
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Term
| Desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards or threats of punishment: |
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Definition
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Term
| In Classicla Conditioning, the naturally occurring response to an unconditioned stimulus: |
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Definition
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Term
| Rule-of-thumb strategy that allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently: |
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Definition
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Term
| System of rules in a language: |
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Definition
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Term
| Extent to which a test yields consistent results: |
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Definition
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Term
| Memory that enables you to perform specific learned skills responses: |
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Definition
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Term
| Forgetting caused by one memory competing with or replace memory: |
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Definition
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Term
| a clue, prompt, or hint that can help memory retrieval |
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Definition
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Term
| In Classical Conditioning, the stimulus that was originally neutral becomes conditioned after it has been paired with the unconditioned stimulus: |
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Definition
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Term
| Schedule of reinforcement where a response is only reinforced after a specified time has elapsed: |
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Definition
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Term
| Sudden and often novel realization of the solution of a problem: |
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Definition
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Term
| Tendency to overestimate the accuracy to one's beliefs and judgement: |
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Definition
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Term
| Extent to which a test measure what it's supposed to: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the order that information goes through memory chain: |
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Definition
| sensory memory, working or short-term memory, long-term memory |
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Term
| What memory store is used when information is actively working?: |
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Definition
| working or short-term memory |
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Term
| What is the capacity and duration of short-term memory?: |
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Definition
| 7 plus or minus two chunks of information 30 seconds long |
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Term
| What is the mental or verbal repetition of information allows information to remain in working memory longer than the usual 30 seconds? |
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Definition
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Term
| Clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited: |
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Definition
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Term
| Estimating the likelihood of event based on their availability in memory: |
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Definition
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Term
| Extent to which a test samples to appropriate behavior/info: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is not one of the Big-Five personality factors? |
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Definition
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Term
| The early school of psychology that emphasized human behavior as influenced by childhoo experiences and motivated by unconscious conflicts: |
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Definition
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Term
| In the psychoanalytic perspective, the part of personality that is largely conscious and mediates between the demands of the id, superego, and reality: |
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Definition
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Term
| Procedures in which peole rate or describe their own behavior or mental state: |
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Definition
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Term
| The modern perspective of psychology that focuses on physiology is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The defense mechanism where people rechannel their unacceptable impulses into socially approved activities: |
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Definition
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Term
| The early school of psychology that examined the principles that organize perception and conscious experiences: |
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Definition
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Term
| The sources of bias where the participant knows the design and tries to produce the expected results: |
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Definition
| Subject/participant expectancy effect |
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Term
| Personality disorder in which the person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members: |
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Definition
| Antisocial personality disorder |
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Term
| Repetitive actions performed to alleviate obsessions: |
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Definition
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Term
| The defense mechanism where people disguise their own threating impulses by projecting them onto others: |
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Definition
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Term
| The principle that drives the Ego and satisfies the id's desires in a way that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain: |
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Definition
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Term
| An observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles: |
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Definition
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Term
| The modern perspective of psychology that focuses on how social situations influence behavior: |
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Definition
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Term
| How likely something is to occur (how likely the results are to have been due to chance): |
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Definition
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Term
| In the psychoanalytic perspective, part of the personality that internalized ideals and more standards: |
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Definition
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Term
| The early shcool of psychology that emphasized studying the most basic component structures, of conscious experience was: |
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Definition
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Term
| The variable that is controlled/manipulated in an experiment (the cause of a relationship): |
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Definition
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Term
| The defense mechanism where people offer excuses in place of the real, more threatening |
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Definition
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Term
| The modern perspective of psychology that focuses on thought process is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The variable that is measured in an experiement (the variable that is affected by the independent variable): |
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Definition
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Term
| The modern perspective of psychology that focuses on learnign and responding to environment: |
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Definition
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Term
| Intense, irrational fear that focuses on a specific category of objects, event of situation, or social setting: |
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Definition
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Term
| The early school of psychology that stressed the importance of how behavior functions to allow people and animals to adapt to their environment: |
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Definition
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Term
| Disorder in which the person cycles between depression and mania: |
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Definition
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Term
| The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would ahve forseen it (the "I-knew-it-all-along"): |
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Definition
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Term
| Uncontrolled variable that influence results: |
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Definition
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Term
| Two or more distinct personalities manifested by the same person at different times: |
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Definition
| Dissociative identity disorder |
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Term
| The principle that drives the Id and demands immediate gratification: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is not anaspect of a psychological disorder: |
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Definition
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Term
| The observational method where the researcher records behavior at it occurs naturally: |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the humanistic perspective, the ultimate psychological need that arises after other basic needs are met. The motivation to fulfill one's potential: |
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Definition
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Term
| The basic defense mechanism that eliminates anxiety-producing thought, feelings, memories from consciousness: |
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Definition
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Term
| Every participant in the study should have an equal chance of being assigned to either the experimental or the control group: |
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Definition
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Term
| Type of schizophrenia whose primary symptoms are unresponsiveness to surroundings, purposeless movement, and parrot-like speech: |
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Definition
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Term
| More or less constant worry about many issues: |
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Definition
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Term
| The early school psychology that emphasized the study of overt (observable) behavior, especially as they relate to learning responses to stimuli in the environment: |
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Definition
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Term
| In the psychoanalytic perspective, the part of the personality that is unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives: |
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Definition
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Term
| A type of study that tests cause and effect relationships: |
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Definition
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Term
| The modern perspective of psychology that focuses on personal growth and fulfillment: |
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Definition
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Term
| Type of schizophrenia whose primary symptoms are delusions of persection and grandeur: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Less severe depression lasting for at least two years: |
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Definition
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Term
| False sensory experiences: |
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Definition
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Term
| Every member of the population being studies should have an equal chance of being selected for the study's sample: |
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Definition
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Term
| Irrational, disturbing thoughts that intrude into consciousness: |
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Definition
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Term
| The defense mechanism where a person displaces their aggressive or sexual impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person: |
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Definition
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Term
| Prolonged, very sever depression lasting for at least two weeks: |
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Definition
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Term
| The sources of bias where the researcher has expectations that influence measurement: |
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Definition
| Observer/experimenter expectancy effect |
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Term
| The stage in Piaget's theory where the infant gains information through the senses and motor activities: |
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Definition
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Term
| Detects brain activity by following where a radioactive form of glucose goes when a person is performing a specific task: |
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Definition
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Term
| The tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal dispositions: |
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Definition
| fundamental attribution error |
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Term
| A process of organizig and interpreting sensory information, enabing us to recognize meaningful objects and event: |
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Definition
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Term
| The body's electrochemical communication system, comprised of billions of neurons: |
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Definition
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Term
| The understanding that objects exist independent of one's activities or perceptions of them: |
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Definition
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Term
| The brain's ultimate control and information-processing center (consists of sensory, motor, and association areas): |
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Definition
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Term
| Improved performance of tasks in the presence of others. Occurs with simple or well-learned task, but not with task that are difficult or not yet mastered: |
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Definition
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Term
| The theory of color perception that there are three different retinal color receptors, one for red, green, and blue: |
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Definition
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Term
| The part of the peripheral nervous system that control voluntary muscle movement: |
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Definition
| skeletal/somatic nervous system |
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Term
| A child's inability to take another person's point of view: |
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Definition
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Term
| A set structures in the brain (hypothalamus, amygdale, and the hippocampus) that largely controls emotions and drives: |
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Definition
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Term
| Physiological need for a drug marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms: |
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Definition
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Term
| Tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a commom goal than when individually accountable: |
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Definition
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Term
| The theory of pitch perception in hearing that states that the rate of nerve impulses traveling up the auditory nerve matches the frequency of a tone, thus enabling us to sense the pitch: |
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Definition
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Term
| The attachment style a child displays when it explores a room when the mother is present, becomes upset and explores less when the mother is not present, and shows pleasure when teh mother returns: |
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Definition
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Term
| Loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situation that foster arousal and anonymity: |
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Definition
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Term
| A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another: |
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Definition
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Term
| The part of neuron that receives information from neighboring neurons: |
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Definition
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Term
| The parenting style where the parent is less concerned with obedience, and has a greater use of induction: |
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Definition
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Term
| Enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through discussion within the group: |
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Definition
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Term
| A binocular cue of depth perception based upon the fact that images from the two eyes differ. Closer images have greater disparity: |
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Definition
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Term
| The part of a neuron that transmits information to other cells: |
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Definition
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Term
| The stage in Erikson's theory that is resolved positively as a result of consistent and dependable caregiving and meeting the needs of the infant: |
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Definition
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Term
| Mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in decision-making group overrides realistic appraisal of alternatives: |
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Definition
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Term
| An organized whole; the tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes: |
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Definition
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Term
| A neurotransmitter involved in sleep and depression: |
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Definition
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Term
| The stage in Erikson's theory that deals with caring for others and work and contributing to future generations: |
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Definition
| generativity versus stagnation |
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Term
| Tendency to favor one's own group: |
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Definition
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Term
| Recurring sleep stage where the person experiences vivid dreams: |
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Definition
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Term
| Monocular depth preception cue based upon closer objects blocking more distant objects: |
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Definition
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Term
| A neurotransmitter related to control of pain and pleasure: |
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Definition
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Term
| The stage in Erikson's theory that results form successful resolution of previous crises and the ability to see broadd truths. Unsuccessful resolution leads to feelings of helplessness and the sense that life has been incomplete: |
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Definition
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Term
| Theory that predjudice provides an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame: |
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Definition
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Term
| The part of the brain that controls vital processes such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion: |
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Definition
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Term
| The monocular depth perception cue based upon the fact that parallel lines appear to converge in the distance: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Consists of hormone releasing glands: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is teh order of levels of moral reasoning accordign to Kohlbergs's theory? |
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Definition
| preconventional, conventional, postconventional |
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Term
| Measuring brain electrical activity with electrodes on the skull: |
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Definition
| EEG (electroencephalogram) |
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Term
| The oldest brain structure, controlling low level processes necessary for survival: |
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Definition
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Term
| Tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present: |
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Definition
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Term
| Perceiving objects as unchanging despite changes in the image (color, shape, or size) on the retina: |
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Definition
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Term
| The "master" endocrine gland that produces hormones th control hormone production of other glands |
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Definition
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Term
| The part of the brain that contains important planning and sequencing areas: |
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Definition
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Term
| Influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval: |
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Definition
| normative social influence |
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Term
| Photoreceptors near the center of the retina (fovea) that are sensitive to fine detail and color vision: |
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Definition
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Term
| The division of the nervous system that consists of the brain and the spinal cord: |
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Definition
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Term
| The understanding that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain constant despite changes in appearances: |
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Definition
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Term
| The part of the brain that is important in forming new memories: |
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Definition
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