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Psychology Test 4
Modules 22-25 -37
46
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
12/04/2008

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Term
3 stages of memory
Definition
1. Sensory, 2. Short-term(STM) 3. Long-Term(LTM)
Term
Sensory Memory Storage
Definition
See, hear , touch, tast, smell, purpose...holds sensory information...Duration..seconds...capacity..large..information not transferred is lost...
Term
Short-term
Definition
temporarily stores and processes the snesory image....purpose...hold information temporarily for analysis..duration--30 sec...capacity limited--
Term
Long term memory
Definition
declarative memory,(memory with awarness)
Semantic membory (facts and general knowledge, Episodic memory, (personal mental diary)
Term
Computer model of memory
Definition
Encoding-typing,,,,storage--data drive....retrieval on screen...
Term
long-term potentiation
Definition
In neuroscience, long-term potentiation (LTP) is the long-lasting improvement in communication between two neurons t
Term
echoic memory
Definition
can remember what is said recently
Term
iconic remember
Definition
can see somones face
Term
maintenance rehearsal
Definition
exstend the duration of your STM almost indefinetely by repeating information
Term
chunking
Definition
extend the capacity of STM , by grouping separate peieces of information into a single unit
Term
elaborative rehearsal
Definition
link info to earlier material
Term
priming
Definition
memory occurs when a prior exposure to a stimulus facilitates or inhibits the processing of new information.
Term
explicit
Definition
memory with conscious recall
Term
implicit
Definition
memory without conscious recall
Term
semantic memory
Definition
facts and general knowledge,(banass yellow, 12 months in a year)
Term
episodic memory
Definition
personal experiences and events
Term
Serial position effect
Definition
Primacy and Recency effect, remembering the first and last thing
Term
ebbinghaus forgetting curve
Definition
A typical graph of the forgetting curve shows that humans tend to halve their memory of newly learned knowledge in a matter of days or weeks unless they consciously review the learned material
Term
retrograde amnesia
Definition
the person loses memory occured before the brain injury.
Term
alzheimers
Definition
early onset 56, STM encoding problem, caused by genes. education. head trauma.
Term
Vascular
Definition
multi infarct, STM retrival problem...all of Alzeihmers, high bp , stroke..
Term
lewy body
Definition
Lewy bodies are also present in neurons in dementia with Lewy bodies and the Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease,
Term
frontal temporal
Definition
personality change STM, causes. genes , education.
Term
Dementia , how its diagnosed
Definition
Examples of such tests include the abbreviated mental test score (AMTS), the mini mental state examination (MMSE), Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS),[2] the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI),[3] and the clock drawing test
Term
Dementia
Definition
Higher mental functions are affected first in the process. Especially in the later stages of the condition, affected persons may be disoriented in time (not knowing what day of the week, day of the month, month, or even what year it is), in place (not knowing where they are), and in person (not knowing who they are or others around them).
Term
cognitive sysmptoms of dementia
Definition
ffected areas of cognition may be memory, attention, language, and problem solving. Higher mental functions are affected first in the process.
Term
Dementia phsyical symtoms
Definition
atophy on MRI scan
Term
risk factors for alzhemers
Definition
low SES, low education, head trauma, genetics
Term
protection factors fo alzheimers
Definition
high SES/education, lifelong learning, nutrition, exercise
Term
Intelligence--defined
Definition
general capacity to profit from experience acquire knowledge and adapt to changes in the enveronment
Term
alfred binet
Definition
developed first intelligence test...
Term
Stanford-binet intelligence quotient
Definition
4 cognitive areas give a score of MENTAL AGE
Term
Gardners multiple intelligences
Definition
itellignce should consit of assessing apersons stregths rather than a score..believed in multiple intelligences
Term
Sternbergs triarchic theory
Definition
3 separate and different aspects of intellignece. each of these components is learned not the result of genetics, analytical, practical, creative
Term
Mental retardation-defined
Definition
mentally reatrede is applied when someone is significantly below average in general intellectual funtionin and devicits in adaptive function, communicating with others..(LIKE DOWNS)
Term
Mental retardation causes
Definition
Genetic-DOWNS Syndrome..environmental---including alcohol and other dug abuse
Term
Psycholigical factors in testing
Definition
Depression,anxiety,expectations
Term
stereotype threat
Definition
Cultural, racial , age sterotypes, gender steryotypes
Term
Motivation v Emotion
Definition
referes to the set of factors that activatedd direct, and maintain behavior usuallys toward some goal v sujective feeling that includes arousal coognitions and expressive behaviors.
Term
maslows hiearchy of needs
Definition
1. Self-actualization needs 2. esteem needs 3. belonging and love needs 4. safety needs 5. Physiological needs
Term
Seligmans explanatory style
Definition
Explanatory style is a psychological attribute that indicates how people explain to themselves why they experience a particular event, either positive or negative. Psychologists have identified three components in explanatory style:
Term
Pessimism
Definition
Pessimism, from the Latin pessimus (worst), is the decision to evaluate, perceive and view life in a generally negative light.
Term
characteristics of happy people
Definition
peoples who report using their own unique strengths and talents towards a higher purpose
Term
Golemans emotional intelligence
Definition
Ability to know and manage ones emotions, empathize with others and maintains satisfying relationships
Term
healthy ways of dealing with anger
Definition
ALtruism, patience, tolerance
Term
3 components of emotion
Definition
physiological, cognitive, behaviorial.
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