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Psychology Test 1, Module 6
Psychology Test 1, Module 6
16
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
02/09/2009

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Term
environment
Definition
every non-genetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us
Term
behavior genetics
Definition
the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior
Term
chromosomes
Definition
threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
Term
DNA
Definition
a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes
Term
genes
Definition
the biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; a segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein
Term
genome
Definition
the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes
Term
identical twins
Definition
twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms
Term
fraternal twins
Definition
twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. They are genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment
Term
temperament
Definition
a person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity
Term
heritability
Definition
the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes.
Term
interaction
Definition
in psychology, occurs when the effect of one factor (such as environment) depends on another factor (such as heredity)
Term
molecular genetics
Definition
the sub-field of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes
Term
evolutionary psychology
Definition
the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection
Term
natural selection
Definition
the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those that lead to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
Term
mutation
Definition
a random error in gene replication that leads to a change
Term
gender
Definition
in psychology, the biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people define male and female
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