Term
| Stone Age- Spirit Possession |
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Definition
| Prayer, incantation, magic, flogging, starving, burning, bleeding, hole in the head so spirit may leave. |
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Term
| Hippocrates-5th Century treatments |
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Definition
| Disturbances in the bodily fluids, pleasant surroundings, exercise, proper diet, massage, soothing baths |
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Term
| Middle Ages- Spirit passion & Witch Hunts: |
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Definition
| Bleeding starving torturing, 15th, 16th, 17th century |
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Term
| Vulnerability stress model: |
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Definition
| Each of us is vulnerable to some degree |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the vulnerability factors |
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Definition
| Genetic factors, biological characteristics, psychological traits, previous maladaptive learning, low social supports, stressors, economic adversity, environmental trauma, interpersonal stressor losses, occupational setbacks or demands |
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Term
| What does the vulnerability stress model consider |
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Definition
| The interaction between a predisposition wich makes a person vulnerable for developing a particular mental health problem, & stressful environmental conditions encountered by that person |
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Term
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Definition
| Based on deviation from statistical norms, Abnormal behavior, thoughts, or feelings are statistically infrequent or deviant from the norm |
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Term
| what are the different types of criteria for defining abnormality |
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Definition
1. Deviation from cultural norms
2. Deviation from statistical norms
3. Maladaptive behavior
4. Personal distress |
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Term
| How many Criteria for Abnormality |
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Definition
1. Deviates from what society thinks is "normal"behavior
2. Maladaptive for person or society
3. Distressing to individual |
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Term
| What is cultural deviation |
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Definition
| deviation from cultural norms which means, every culture has certain standards, norms, for acceptable behaviors and ways of thinking. Deviations from those norms may be considered abnormal. |
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Term
| What is statistical deviation |
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Definition
| "Deviation from statistical norms" Abnormality is based on from statistical norms |
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Term
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Definition
| Difficult to define, however its is known that "normal" is found on the well being |
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Term
| What are the 5 criteria of well-being |
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Definition
1. Appropriate perception of reality
2. Ability to exercise control over behavior
3. Self-esteem and acceptance
4. Ability to form affectionate relationships
5. Productivity |
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Term
| What are the 5 benefits for diagnosing diorders |
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Definition
1. Informative research in causes
2. Planning treatment
3. Insight into person's behavior/personality
4. legal & Economic reason
5. Info communicated more quickly & precisely |
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Term
| What are the two types of disorder |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Very serious, such as being out of touch with reality |
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Term
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Definition
| it is characterized by anxiety, unhappiness, and a maladaptive behavior, usually does not require hospitalization |
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Term
| What are the six classes of disorder |
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Definition
1. Somatoform
2. Mood
3. Personality
4. Anxiety
5. Schizophrenia
6. Developmental |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of Somatoform disorders |
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Definition
Hypochondriasis: People become over alarmed by a physical symptom convinced they have a serious illness-> My head hearts I must have a tumor
Pain disorder: pain is out of proportion due to a medical condition
Conversion disorder: serious neurological symptoms, such as paralysis, loss of sensation, blindness-----> hysteria |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of Mood disorder |
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Definition
1. Depression
2. Bipolar disorder |
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Term
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Definition
Maladaptive and chronic disorder that makes most people fell sad, depressed and isolated. 25-30% of college undergrads)
Major depression: person unable to function (17% females, 9% males) |
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Term
| What are the Emotional symptoms for depression |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the cognitive symptoms for depression |
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Definition
| Hard time making decision, low self esteem, |
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Term
| What are the motivational symptoms for depression |
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Definition
| No wanting to do anything, get out of bed etc. |
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Term
| What are the somatic symptoms for depression |
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Definition
| Fatigued, weight unstable |
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Term
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Definition
| Mania-energetic and enthusiastic, Manic Depressive; High highs and lows lows; will be very energetic, then crash and wont get out of bed, equally common in both sexes. |
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Term
| Define Personality disorder |
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Definition
| Long standing patterns of maladaptive behavior. They ingrained habitual and rigid patterns of behavior or character that severely limit the individual's adaptive potential. Often society sees the behavior as maladaptive while the individual doesn't. Personality disorders are lifelong patterns of maladapting behavior involving difficulties in coping with stress or solving problems |
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Term
| what are two types of personality disorders |
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Definition
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Term
| define antisocial personality disorder |
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Definition
| people have little sense of responsibilities, morality, or concern for others |
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Term
| Define borderline personality disorder |
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Definition
| lifelong disorder characterized by extreme variability in mood, relationships and self perceptions. --->instability |
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Term
| What are the five types of Anxiety disorder |
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Definition
1. Panic attacks
2. Agorophobia
3. PTSD
4. OCD
5. Phobias |
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Term
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Definition
| have a hereditary component, may have an overactive fear response, have tendency towards catastrophic thinking and overact/overestimate things and be pessimistic. |
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Term
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Definition
| fear of marketplace or any public place they may be trapped or unable to receive emergency help. |
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Term
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Definition
| develops after exposure to any event that results in psychological trauma; include re- experiencing the original trauma through flashbacks or nightmares, avoidance of stimuli associated with trauma, and increase in arousal< difficulty falling or staying asleep etc. |
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Term
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Definition
Obsession persistent intrusion of unwelcome thoughts--worries about germs in family--
Compulsion; irresistible urges to carry to carry out certain rituals--- washing and checking |
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Term
| Define the 2 types of phobias |
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Definition
Simple- intense and irrational fear on specific objects, animal, or situation.
Social Phobia insecure- exaggerated fear of social situations, both linked to some traumatic childhood experience and systematic desensitization useful in treating phobias |
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Term
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Definition
Ranges from mild to sever psychoses, onset in late teens early 20s. Causes disturbances of thought and attention and you get word salads. Also show inappropriate emotional response and delusions or hallucinations and sometimes paranoia. This disorder is strongly hereditary.
- group of diorders characterized by severe personality disorganization, distortion of reality and inability to function in life |
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Term
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Definition
| Making awkward associations with words that dont make sense |
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Term
| Define developmental disorder |
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Definition
| Developmental disorders are developed among the years such as PDDS--- Autism- children show deficits in social interaction, communication activities and interest-- Also Asperser's disorder, Rett's disorder and childhood disintegrative |
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Term
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Definition
| implicit or explicit rules for acceptable behaviors and beliefs. They are the standards for behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| referred as social facilitation it is the boosting effects of coactions and presence of audience. In simple tasks.Accuracy decreases in a task but speed increases |
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Term
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Definition
| derailing effects of cofactors and audiences on performances. Both accuracy and speed decrease. used for complex tasks. |
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Term
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Definition
| People work faser when someone else is doing the same task. Cyclist and fishing reel study |
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Term
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Definition
| interaction between individuals performing the same task |
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Term
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Definition
| He suggested that high levels of drive or arousal tend to energize the dominant responses of an organism, his model depended in the nature of the activity (drive) |
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Term
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Definition
| Feeling that one has lost his or her personal identity and merged anonymously into a group |
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Term
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Definition
| 4 college women were required to deliver shocks to another women who was supposedly participating in experiment. Half the women were deindividuated by depressing themselves in all white, making them feel anonymous----- increase aggression |
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Term
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Definition
| guards and prisons,- proved that institutions have norms that strongly govern the behavior of people who occupy critical roles within the institution |
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Term
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Definition
| change in behavior or belief as a result or imagined group pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| exp on conformity- lines were given, everybody picked wrong one, and when it came to the participants the also picked the wrong one, because didnt want to look different or stupid |
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Term
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Definition
| going along with the wishes of the influencer without necessarily changing our beliefs or attitude |
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Term
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Definition
| listening to someone, being obedient. -- Milgrams exp an example of obedience, he told participants to shock people in exp when getting answer wrong, people obey when told to |
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Term
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Definition
| the human behaviors exp, McDonalds case, frat brothers, mock prison exp |
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Term
| Predictors of Milgrams study |
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Definition
| research study with participants increasing voltage when confederate answered wrong question. People obey authority no matter what |
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Term
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Definition
| genovese syndrom is a social psychological phenomenon that refers to cases where individuals do not offer any means of help in emergency situations... also known as diffusion responsibility |
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Term
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Definition
| new yorker murdered while 38 witnesses watched and did nothing |
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Term
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Definition
| the phenomenon in which everybody in a group misleads everybody else by defining an ambiguous situation as a nonemergency. Doing something because everybody else is doing it, even though everybody else thinks is wrong. |
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Term
| diffusion of responsibility |
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Definition
| persons in group fail to take action in an emergency because others are present, thus defussion responsibility for acting |
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Term
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Definition
| members in group go along with the idea that is laid out, and they supress their own ideas |
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Term
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Definition
| People make extrem decisions when they are in a group, opposed to decisions made alone...The tendency of groups to arrive at decisions that is in the same direction but is more extreme than the mean of the pre-discussion decisions of the individuals in the group. |
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Term
| normative social influence |
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Definition
| conform to a group's social norms or typical behaviors to become liked and accepted |
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Term
| cognitive dissonance theory |
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Definition
| The theory of cognitive dissonance proposes that people have a motivational drive to reduce dissonance. They do this by changing their attitudes, beliefs, and actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process by which we attempt to explain the behavior of other people. Attribution theory deals with the rules people use to infer the causes of observed behavior. |
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Term
| Dispositional attribution |
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Definition
| Attributing a person’s actions to internal dispositions (attitudes, traits, motives), as opposed to situational factors. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attributing a person's actions to factors in the situation or environment, as opposed to internal attitudes and motives |
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Term
| Fundamental Attribution error |
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Definition
tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositional influences upon others behavior.
--As a simple example, if Alice saw Bob trip over a rock and fall, Alice might consider Bob to be clumsy or careless (dispositional). If Alice later tripped over the same rock herself, she would be more likely to blame the placement of the rock (situational) |
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Term
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Definition
| mental building block. It’s almost like a mental representation of a class of people, objects, events, or situations. It can also be a cognitive structure |
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Term
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Definition
| set of organized self concepts. Self -Schema-Cognitive generalizations about the self, derived from past experience that organize and guide the processing of self- related information. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the schemas of classes of people. We have set belief of how that certain group of people act, talk, and live. Also a set of inferences about the personality traits or physical attributes of a whole class of people |
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Term
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Definition
| You tell your self that you will fail this test, and guess what you fail it.. your envoking your own failure by telling yourself to fail!!!Stereotypes become self-fullfing prophecies. Once activated, stereotypes can set in motion a chain of behavioral processes that serve to draw out from others behavior that confirms the initial stereotype. |
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Term
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Definition
| we prefer our in-group that our out group, it directs our behavior at any given moment |
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Term
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Definition
| organized self concepts. Where groups we identify as in-groups vs. out groups. (Race, gender, economic status.) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| females with females is in-group and males with females would be the out-group |
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Term
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Definition
| Direct route in getting information to the person. Ex car commercial that lists the facts of the car. |
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Term
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Definition
| Not the direct route but when a celebrity endorses the car in a car commercial. It’s not straight foward. When an individual responds to noncontact cues in a communication or to the context of a communication. |
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Term
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Definition
| According to this model, if a person is at the high end of continuum- willing and able to think deeply-then persuasion is said to follow a central route, relying on controlled and effortful thinking; if a person is at the low end of continuum- for whatever reasons not willing or able to think deeply-then persuasion is said to follow a peripheral route, relying on automatic and effortless thinking. |
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Term
| Foot-in-the-door technique |
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Definition
| . Foot-in-the -door technique is to get people to say yes to requests that would ordinarily lead to no, this technique suggests beginning with a small request that few would refuse. |
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Term
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Definition
| Biggest indicator of attraction -The physical distance between 2 people, a key predicator of interpersonal attraction. |
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Term
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Definition
| couples are similar, like made for each other |
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Term
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Definition
| Important, at least in the beginning in order to attract |
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Term
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Definition
| we tend to be attracted to people who look like others we already know; ex: friends, family and liking others who look like them. |
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Term
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Definition
| The finding that familiarity all by itself increases liking by idea of becoming it. |
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Term
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Definition
| one could mistrust somebody who resembles an ex-spouse in manners, voice, or external appearance; or be overly compliant to someone who resembles a childhood friend. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contrasted with companionate love. An intensely emotional state in which tender and sexual feelings, elation and pain, anxiety and relief, altruism and jealousy coexist in a confusion of feelings. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contrasted with passionate love. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwined. |
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Term
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Definition
| Trust, a deep attraction. Intimacy is the emotional component of love which involves closeness and sharing of feelings. |
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Term
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Definition
| Initial attraction and intense arousal. Passion is the motivational component of love which consists of sexual attraction and the romantic feeling of being in love. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mutual support like getting married. Commitment is the cognitive component of love that reflects the intention to remain in the relationship. |
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