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| The scientific Study of mental processes and behavior |
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| Subjects gave the right to decline participation at any time, Openness and honesty are essential to experimentation, information obtained about a sjubject is confidential, subjects must be informed of risks |
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| asking questions of a carefully selected group of people. |
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| researchers secretly observe subjects of the study |
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| asking the person one on one questions to get more detailed answers |
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| developing information about person's long-term background, often for purposes of psycholigcal treatment. |
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| following one group of people through the years from time to time |
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| studying different age groups |
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| includes prefrontal area, coming up with strategies, frontal association area (heavily packed with nerve cells because its task is very complex: to interpret what is going on and tellus what to do and what to feel, contains motor strip |
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| makes sense of what we see |
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| the division of te cerebral cotex that contains the sensory strip |
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| major centers for hearing |
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| speech language logic writing |
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| spatial reasoning, art, music, emotions |
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| holds hemispheres together |
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| part of the brain common to animals and humans that regulates basic functions such as breathing |
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| part of the lower brain that functions primarily as a central relay station for incoming and outgoing messages from the body to the brain and the brain to the body |
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| part of the lower brain that regulates basic needs and emotiosn such as pleasure, fear, rage, and sexuality |
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| involved in froming memories |
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| coordinates and organizes bodily movements for balance and accuracy |
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| regulates the activity level of the body |
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| the process of receiving information from the evironment |
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| the process of assembling and organizing sensory information to make it meaningful |
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| clear outer covering of the eye |
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| colored circular muscle that opens and closes |
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| area in retina where there are no receptors |
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| sensitive to violet-purple wavelenghts |
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| image that remains after stimulation of the retina has ended |
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| the ability to see the relation of objects in space |
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| how rough or smooth objects appear; used in depth perception |
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| the difference between the images provided by the two retinas |
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| illusion in which the same object is seen as two alternating figures |
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| bodily process of maintaining a balnaced internal state |
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| forces that push the organism into action to reach a goal |
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| stomach contractions, low blood-sugar, taste receptors, hypothalmus, shrunken cells |
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| physiological, safety, belonging, self-esteem, self-actualization |
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| things needed to feel safe, such as a house, or guard dog |
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| needs to habe contact and love |
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| liking and respecting yourself |
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| establishing meaningful goals and a purpose in life |
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| rapid eye moevement, incrases in length, vivid dreams, nightmares, paralyzed body, essential |
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| decreases in length, vague dreams, night terrors, sleepwalking and talking, less essential |
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| awareness of, or possibility of knowing what is happening inside or outside itself |
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| process information, work out unsolved problems, make sense of random stimulation to the brain |
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| occur during REM, associated with vivid images, occur during REM rebound usually |
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| occur during NREM, brastic bodily changes, associated with panic |
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| increase in the number of dreams after being deprived of REM sleep |
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| the inability to get enough sleep |
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| disorder in which a person falls instantly into sleep no matter what is going oni in the environment |
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| condition in which a person's breathing often stops while the person is asleep |
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| taught rats how to do tricks with emotional conditioning, later used tactics on children |
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| "Angela picks up her jacket because she was praised the last time she did it" |
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| "Angela picks up her jacket to stop her father's nagging" |
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| something necessary for psycholigcal or physical survival that is used as a reward |
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| anything that comes to represent a primary reinforcer, such as money |
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| a behavior that spreads from one situation to a similar one |
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| learning to tell the difference etween one even or object and another; the reverse of generalization |
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| the process of gradually refining a response by successively reinforcing closer approximations of it |
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| schedule in which reinforcement occurs after a desired act is performed a specific but variable number of times |
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| schedule in which reinforcement occurs after a desired act is performed a fixed number of times |
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| variable interval schedule |
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| act is performed following a variable amount of time |
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| act is performed following a fixed amount of time |
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