Term
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Definition
The process of starting, directing, and maintaining physical and
psychological activities; includes mechanisms involved in preferences for
one activity over another and the vigour and persistence of responses. |
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Term
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Definition
Internal states that arise in response to a disequilibrium in an
animal’s physiological needs. |
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Term
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Definition
Constancy or equilibrium of the internal conditions of
the body. |
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Term
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Definition
External stimuli or rewards that motivate behaviour although
they do not relate directly to biological needs. |
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Term
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Definition
Preprogrammed tendencies that are essential to a species’s
survival. |
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Term
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Definition
The learning theory that stresses the role of
observation and the imitation of behaviours observed in others. |
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Term
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Definition
Maslow’s view that basic human motives form a
hierarchy and that the needs at each level of the hierarchy must be
satisfied before the next level can be achieved; these needs progress
from basic biological needs to the need for self-actualization. |
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Term
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Definition
An eating disorder in which an individual weighs less
than 85 percent of her or his expected weight but still expresses intense
fear of becoming fat. |
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Term
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Definition
An eating disorder characterized by binge eating
followed by measures to purge the body of excess calories. |
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Term
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Definition
An eating disorder characterized by out-of-control
binge eating without subsequent purges. |
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Term
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Definition
The motivational state of excitement and tension brought
about by physiological and cognitive reactions to erotic stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
The time and energy parents must spend raising
their offspring. |
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Term
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Definition
| Socially learned programs of sexual responsiveness. |
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Term
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Definition
Unwanted sexual violation by a social acquaintance in the
context of a consensual dating situation. |
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Term
| Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) |
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Definition
A projective test in which pictures of
ambiguous scenes are presented to an individual, who is encouraged to
generate stories about them. |
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Term
| need for achievement (n Ach) |
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Definition
An assumed basic human need to strive for
achievement of goals that motivates a wide range of behaviour and
thinking. |
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Term
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Definition
| Judgments about the causes of outcomes. |
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Term
| organizational psychologists |
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Definition
Psychologists who study various aspects
of the human work environment, such as communication among
employees, socialization or enculturation of workers, leadership, job
satisfaction, stress and burnout, and overall quality of life. |
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Term
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Definition
A cognitive theory of work motivation that proposes that
workers are motivated to maintain fair and equitable relationships with
other relevant persons; also, a model that postulates that equitable
relationships are those in which the participants’ outcomes are
proportional to their inputs. |
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Term
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Definition
A cognitive theory of work motivation proposing that
workers are motivated when they expect their efforts and job
performance to result in desired outcomes. |
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