Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Psychology First Test
Chapter 2
29
Psychology
Graduate
01/28/2009

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Scientific Method
Definition
multistep technique that generates imperical knowledge that begins and ends with observation
Term
Scientific Method steps
Definition
1. Observe
2. Detect Regularities (consistent features)
3. Generate hypothesis (prediction)
4. Observe
Needs operational definitions
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
prediction
Term
Operational definitions
Definition
specify how concepts can be measured and observed
Term
Descriptive Research
Definition
The methods designed to observe and describe behavior
Term
naturalistic observation
Definition
descriptive research technique that records naturally occuring behavior as opposed to behavior produced in the laboratory
Term
Case study
Definition
descriptive research technique in which the effort is focused on a single case, usually an individual
Term
Survey
Definition
descriptive research technique designed to gather limited amounts of information from many people, usually by administering some kind of questionnaire.
Term
Psychological Tests
Definition
Measure individual differences among people
Term
Mean
Definition
Arithmetic average of a set of scores
Term
Mode
Definition
Most frequently occuring score in a set of scores
Term
Median
Definition
Middle point in a set of scores
Term
Correlation Research
Definition
Researching statistics that indicate whether two variables vary together in a systematic way
Term
Correlation Coefficient
Definition
used to summarize whether two measures vary together
Term
Positive correlation
Definition
one measure goes up, the other goes up
Term
Negative correlation
Definition
one measure goes up, the other goes down
Term
Zero correlation
Definition
knowing value of one measure does not allow you to predict the value of the other measure
Term
Independent variable
Definition
the aspect of the environment that is manipulated in an experiment. It must consist of at least two conditions
Term
Dependent variable
Definition
the behavior that is measure or observed in an experiment
Term
Experimental group
Definition
the group that gets the change
Term
Control group
Definition
the group that does not get the change
Term
Experimental Research
Definition
a technique in which investigators actively manipulate environment to observe its affect on behavior
Term
Expectancies
Definition
participants may guess what the researcher expects to find, change behavior accordingly
Term
single-blind studie
Definition
participents dont know what condition they are assigned to
Term
double-blind studies
Definition
neither participants or research observers know who is assigned to experimental and control group
Term
External Validity
Definition
do the results generalize to real-world situations
Term
Informed consent
Definition
the principle that before consenting to participate in research, people should be fully informed about any significant factors that could affect their willingness to participate
Term
Debriefing
Definition
at the conclusion of an experimental session, informing the participants about the general purpose of the experiemtn, including any deception that was involved
Term
Confidentiality
Definition
the principle that personal information obtained from a participant in reserach or therapy should not be revealed without the individual's permission
Supporting users have an ad free experience!