When and by whom was psychology as a science established?

Describe the nature-nurture debate.

The controversy over the relative contributions of biology and expirence to the developmentof our traits and behaviors. 

Soloution- Every behavior/trait is determined by a combination of biology and expirence. 

1.Neuroscience- how the body and brain enable emotions, memories and sensory expirences. 

2. Evolutionary- How the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of genes. 

3. Behavior Genetics- How much our genes and our enviorment influence our individual differences. 

4. Psychodynamic- How behavior springs 

from unconcious drives and conflicts.

5. Behavioral- how we learn observable responses. 

6. Cognitive- How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information. 

7. Social-cultural- How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures. 

Describe the three types of descriptive research.

Case Study- examines the one individual in depth. 

Survey- asks people to report their behavior or opinions. 

Naturalistic observations- observe and record behavior in its natural setting. 

Positive correlation- two factors increase and decrease together; a direct relationship.

Negative correlation- as one factor increases the other one decreases; inverse relationship. 

What is the main benefit of an experiment?

Define mean, median, mode, and range. Be able to calculate them.

Mean- Arithmetic average.

Median- Midpoint. 

Mode- one that shows up the most frequent. 

68% of scores withing one SD of the mean.

95% of scores within two SD of the mean. 

In what order does information travel through the three structures of a neuron?