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| branch of philosophy that is concerned with the right AND the good for humans |
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| teleological theories of ethics |
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| these theories of ethics assert the priority of the GOOD OVER THE RIGHT |
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| deontological theories of ethics |
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| these theories of ethics assert the priority of the RIGHT OVER THE GOOD |
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| this view states that the source of human values lies OUTSIDE human beings |
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| form of objectivism, holds that the source of human values lies IN and extrahuman order-which is either god or nature |
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| belief that gods or god exist |
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| view that humans invent and create own values |
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| theory that claims that HAPPINESS IS HIGHEST GOOD |
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| 20th century, continental philosophy arose in france and germany after WW2 |
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| dynamic energy that is present in all living things |
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| view that whole or reality is the ONLY PHYSICAL WORLD/UNIVERSE. nature is all that there is, no heaven or supernatural |
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| arther shopenhauer claims that humans are driven by this BLIND IRRATIONAL FORCE |
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| "man is condemned to be free" |
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| jean-paul satre uses this phrase to assert that human beings are radically free |
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| DESIRE NOT TO DIE but is killed or allowed to die anyway |
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| INCAPABLE of requesting death |
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| type of soul that gives one the ability to nourish oneself, grow and reproduce. in humans, plants and animals (only soul plants possess) |
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| type of soul that gives one the capsity for sensation and the ability to experience pleasure and pain |
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| type of soul that gives ability to reason |
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| all of nature is directed towards ends, purposes, goals, and aims |
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| virtue or trait that lies between the vice of defect and vice of excess |
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| type of genetic engineering has as its goal the use of bioengineering to overcome defects and diseases |
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| type of genetic engineering has as its goal the use of bioengineering to make improvements over and above the elimination of defects |
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| supporting grounds, reasons or evidence for accepting a conclusion. EXAMPLES: because, since, for |
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| statement or proposition that someone is aruging in favor of. EXAMPLES: therefore, so, thus, in conclusion, as a result. |
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| in philosophy this consists of at least one premise and a conclusion |
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| universe is composed of 2 ultimate, fundamentally real things-bodies and space |
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| human beings psychologically invest themselves in their thoughts, dreams and plans for their futures |
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| not being born earlier is a bad thing is it keeps us from things we would regard as good |
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| moral theory is a form of ethical hedonism. guiding principle of utility or the greatest happiness principle |
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| "one ought to always aim at the greatest happiness of the greatest number of people." also called greatest happiness principle |
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| method provides a way to judge between alternative courses of action based on the consequences of each one in terms of the amount of pleasure and pain they produce |
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| kind of conduct that affects other people, and one does not have their consent. individual is responsible for and accountable to society for this type of conduct |
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| kind of conduct that affects only the individual. society has no right to interfere with this kind of conduct |
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| every individual has a moral obligation to treat themself as a person who is intrinsically valuable and worth while |
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| every individual has a moral obligation to develop and enhance and make the fullest possible use of their natural talents and abilities |
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| deontolgical theory of punishment |
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| theory of punishment that says punishment is GOOD IN ITSELF, it is the RIGHT thing to do to criminals |
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| utilitarian theory of punishment |
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| thoery of punishment that says punishment CAN BE GOOD because of the CONSEQUENCES it brings out |
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| form of deontological theory that aims at JUSTICE and FAIRNESS |
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| form of retributivism says that punismnet MUST BE EQUAL to what victim suffered and can not be less extreme |
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| proportional retributivism |
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| form of retributivism says that punishment CAN be less extreme than crime |
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| form of retributivism that takes both action and the motive into account for punishment |
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| prevention theory of punishment |
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| theory of punishment that says punishment CAN be good because criminal is KEPT FROM COMMITING FURTHER CRIMES |
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| rehabilitation theory of punishment |
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| theory of punishment that says punishment CAN be good because the criminal is being REHABILITATED |
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| deterrence theory of punishment |
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| theory of punishment that aims to PREVENT would-be criminals from becoming criminals |
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