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Definition
| A group of factors that drive and direct behaviors. |
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| drive reduction explanation |
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Definition
| the notion that we are motivated to satisfy drives and thereby reduce tension. |
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Definition
| a relatively stable state or level, often an equilibrium between two extremes. |
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Definition
| the notion that we are motivated to behave in ways that will maintain an optimal level of arousal |
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Definition
| The notion that we are motivated by a desire to achieve pleasure or attain goals. |
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| A psychologist who suggested that motives (needs) could be organized in hierarchy. |
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Definition
| A way of organizing needs (motives) from physiological, which must be satisfied first, through self-fulfillment, which can be satisfied when other needs are met. |
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Definition
| The process by which the cells in the body produce and use energy |
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Definition
| the source of energy that cells use in metabolism. |
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| A measure of energy; specifically, the amount of energy required to increase one gram of water by one degree centigrade. |
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Definition
| cells that are used to cell glucose |
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Definition
| a substance that is released when fat cells are full and which signals the brain to reduce appetite. leptin means thin |
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Definition
| the notion that there is a genetically determined size of the fat cells which determines appetite and weight |
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Definition
| a body mass index score of 30 or above, but this is only a rough index. |
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Definition
| An anti-obesity drug that works primarily because it stimulates metabolism. |
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Definition
| a neurotransmitter, low levels of which can cause appetite. |
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Definition
| An anti-obesity drug that works primarily because it increases levels of serotonin |
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Term
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Definition
| The feeling of being full or satisfied after eating which leads individuals to stop eating. Satiety comes from a latin word meaning ENOUGH |
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Term
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Definition
| A slang term for the combination of the anti-obesity drugs phentermine and fenfluramine. |
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Term
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Definition
| an eating disorder in which the major symptom is a refusal to maintain body weight at an appropriate level so it drops to at least 15% below the normal weight for the individual |
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Term
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Definition
| an eating disorder in which the major symptoms are binges in which the individual consumes huge amounts of food in a short period and purges or uses laxatives to get rid of what was just eaten. |
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Term
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Definition
| a structure in the brain that is stimulated by sex-related stimuli and which then secretes the releasing hormone which begins a sexual response. |
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Term
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Definition
| a hormone that is secreted by the hypothalamus when it receives sex-related stimulation. The hormone then stimulates the pituitary gland to release gonadotropins. |
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Term
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Definition
| A gland in the brain (just in front of the hypothalamus) which when stimulated by the releasing hormone secretes gonadotopins |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances released by the pituitary gland which then stimulate the gonads to release their hormones and result in the sexual response. (Gonad refers to reproductive organs such as the testes and ovaries, and tropin means to influence, so gonadotropins influence the gonads. |
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Term
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Definition
| The male hormone that is released by the testes |
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Term
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Definition
| The female hormone that is released primarily by the ovaries. |
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Term
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Definition
| analogous to a male penis |
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Term
| Feedback loop (between gonads and Hypothalamus) |
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Definition
| The Sex Hormones also turn off the sex response in the Hypothalamus. |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual disorders that involve the absence or failure of the sexual response |
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Term
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Definition
| involves a lack of desire for sexual activity, usually due to low levels of the hormones that are responsible for sex |
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Term
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Definition
| a sexual disorder in which the individual is unable to achieve or maintain an adequate level of sexual arousal |
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Term
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Definition
| a sexual dysfunction where the individual does not achieve orgasm (female) or reaches orgasm too soon (male) |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual disorders that involve deviant means of achieving sexual arousal. |
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Term
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Definition
| a treatment for paraphilias in which a deviant sexual response is replaced with an aversive response |
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Term
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Definition
| a drug used to treat paraphilias by inhibiting the release of the hormones that lead to arousal |
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Term
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Definition
| laws that allow a person to be inprisoned indefinitely if it is determined that they might commit another crime. |
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Term
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Definition
| a sexual disorder in which the individual feels more like a member of the opposite sex and therefore feels uncomfortable in their own body. |
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Term
| Process of sexual arousal |
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Definition
| a) hypothalamus secretes a releasing hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland, b) pituitary secretes gonadotropins that stimulate gonads, c) release of sex hormones by sex organs, d) those hormones provide the physical symptoms of arousal |
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Definition
| the need to overcome obstacles, master things, and do well. |
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Definition
| the alternative to "need for achievement" |
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Term
| resultant achievement motivation |
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Definition
| the sum of achievement motivation and fear of failure |
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Term
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Definition
| the notion that some individuals are determined to avoid success to avoid the negative parts, such as loss of friends |
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Term
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Definition
| processes emotions, mostly fear, rage, and agression |
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Term
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Definition
| thin layer of neurons covering the frontal lobes, important for the integration of emotions and behaviors |
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Term
| Sympathetic branch (of the autonomous nervous system) |
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Definition
| responsible for generating arousal |
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Term
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Definition
| a lie detection procedure in which individuals are asked multiple choice questions to which only guilty persons would know the answers |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to be aware of and experience the emotions of another individual |
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Definition
| the component of love that involves emotional closeness |
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Term
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Definition
| the component of love that involves romantic and sexual arousal |
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Term
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Definition
| a component of love that involves the decision to enter and keep a relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| A mistake in labeling physiological arousal. an explanation for passion |
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Term
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Definition
| the pairing of a neutral stimulus with sexual arousal so that later the stimulus will elicit sexual arousal |
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Term
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Definition
| an explanation for love at first sight (as in you see a brunette girl, your last girlfriend was brunette, so you become aroused) |
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Term
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Definition
| a defense mechanism in which the individual redefines the stressor to make it less stressful |
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Term
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Definition
| a defense mechanism in which the individual expresses an emotion toward an individual or object other than individual or object that caused the stress or anger. |
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Term
| suppression (distraction) |
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Definition
| a defense mechanism in which the individual intentionally does not think about a stressor |
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Term
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Definition
| a defense mechanism in which the individual sends the memory of a stressor to the unconscious undeliberately |
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Term
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Definition
| a procedure in which individuals are given immediate feedback about changes in a physiological response such as muscle tension so they can learn to control the response |
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Term
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Definition
| a hormone released during stress that increases blood sugar (energy) but decreases activity in the hippocampus, disrupting learning |
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Term
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Definition
| a behavior pattern characterized by competitiveness. time urgency, and hostility |
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Term
| Systolic/diastolic blood pressures |
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Definition
| the level of pressure that occurs after each heart beat/before each heart beat. 120/80 is normal |
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Term
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Definition
| sensors in the arteries that monitor blood pressure that reset if BP is consistently high, leading to chronic hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
| sensors in the arteries that monitor blood pressure that reset if BP is consistently high, leading to chronic hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
| sensors in the arteries that monitor blood pressure that reset if BP is consistently high, leading to chronic hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
| exercise that is brief, such as lifting a very heavy weight |
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Term
| Crystallized intelligence |
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Definition
| Facts. knowledge. the longer you live the more you acquire. |
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Term
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Definition
| your ability to solve problems. it increases until your mid 20's where it levels off |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to understand people |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to understand yourself |
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Term
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Definition
| environmental factors influence intelligence (kids have more in common with adoptive parents rather than biological when it comes to intelligence) |
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Term
| Speed of neural processing |
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Definition
| is a measure of general intelligence |
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Term
| Strategic eating disorder |
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Definition
| One binges and purges to fit into a dress for an event, but after the event eating habits return to normal |
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Term
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Definition
| A disease from birth where the child cannot process an amino acid, resulting in a buildup of a few different acids in the body. if left untreated (no diet) mental retardation is guaranteed. life long diet is the best treatment |
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Term
| Seratonin levels in Eating disorders |
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Definition
| typically people with these disorders have low levels of serotonin and they need to take anti-depressants to bring the levels up. (obesity is also hooked to low levels of serotonin) |
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Term
| Fundamental attribution error |
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Definition
| the tendency to use personality factors rather than situational factors to explain the behaviors of others |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to use situational factors to explain your behavior and use personality factors to explain the behavior of others. (fundamental attribution error, PLUS a description of how we perceive ourselves) |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to use situational factors to explain your poor behavior as a means of protecting your self esteem. this can override usual explanations for others that would normally be based on personality, for example you hate bob. bob does kick ass on a test. you attribute bob's doing well to the fact that the test was easy rather than attributing it to his intelligence. |
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Term
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Definition
| in other cultures, people may attribute their own success to environmental factors such as luck because it is what is expected |
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Term
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Definition
| stereotype of a person or culture |
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Term
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Definition
| the fact that an individual's expectations about someone might influence how that individual behaves towards that person, in turn influencing how that person behaves back. |
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Term
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Definition
| increases hunger and eating |
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Term
| ventromedial hypothalamus |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| basic sounds. after 6 mos you have all you'll ever have. |
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Term
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Definition
| smallest units of meaning |
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Term
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Definition
| where you put sounds together to make words, it's also where you hear sounds and put them together to hear words |
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Term
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Definition
| syntax and sentence formation |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that lower cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Bystander effect/diffusion of responsibility |
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Definition
| lots of people around, people feel like one of the others will help so they do not help at all |
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Term
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Definition
| is most often learned from observations, though it can also be learned if aggressive behaviors are rewarded. |
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Term
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Definition
| serotonin inhibits aggression, so low levels allow for higher levels of aggression |
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