Term
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Definition
| the point at which an individuals "weight thermostat" is set |
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Term
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Definition
| the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the main source of energy |
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Term
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Definition
| the body's resting rate of energy expenditure |
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Term
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Definition
| normal-weight person diets and becomes significantly underweight while still feeling fat |
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Term
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Definition
| episodes of overeating, then vomiting, the use of laxatives, fasting or extreme exercise |
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Term
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Definition
| a hunger-arousing hormone secreted by an empty stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| a hunger-dampening hormone secreted by fat cells |
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Term
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Definition
| a digestive hormone that suppresses appetite |
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Term
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Definition
| increases hunger and is secreted by the hypothalamus |
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Term
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Definition
| brings on hunger; if stimulated increases appetite, if destroyed you will lose motivation to eat |
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Term
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Definition
| depresses hunger; if stimulated you lose interest in eating, if destroyed you will overeat |
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Term
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Definition
| periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness |
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Term
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Definition
| sleep disorder with stopping period cessation of breath and awakenings; obesity |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid eye movement; vivid dreams; muscles are 'paralyzed' |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation |
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Term
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Definition
| high arousal and appearance of being terrified; stage 4 sleep; often not remembered |
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Term
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Definition
| sleep disorder with uncontrollable sleep attacks |
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Term
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Definition
| the remember story line of a dream |
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Term
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Definition
| the underlying meaning of a dream |
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Term
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Definition
| recurring problems in falling or staying asleep |
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Term
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Definition
| false sensory experiences; stage 1 sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| images, emotions and thoughts passing through a sleeping mind |
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Term
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Definition
| the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| our awareness of ourselves and our environment |
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Term
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Definition
| the biological clock; regular body rhythms within 24 hours |
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Term
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Definition
| periodic psychological rhythms; annual, 28-day, 24-hour, 90-minute |
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Term
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Definition
| slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state |
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Term
| the most common content of dreams |
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Definition
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Term
| stages of the sleep cylcle |
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Definition
stage 1: dive into sleep
stage 2: light sleep
stage 3: transition
stage 4: deep sleep, hard to wake, wet the bed and sleepwalk
REM: dreams |
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Term
| the greatest portion of our sleep time |
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Definition
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Term
| sleep walking is most likely associated with.. |
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Definition
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Term
| bright light inhibits our feelings of sleepiness by influencing the production of.. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing use of a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| the diminishing effect with regular use of the same drug |
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Term
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Definition
| the major active ingredient in marijuana |
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Term
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Definition
| excite neural activity and speed up bodily functions |
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Term
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Definition
| a psychological need to use a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| a chemical substance that alters perception and mood |
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Term
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Definition
| a psychological need for a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| altered state of consciousness after a close brush with death |
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Term
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Definition
| presumption that mind and body are different aspects of the same thing |
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Term
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Definition
| powerful addictive drug that stimulates the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| powerful hallucinogenic drug; aka acid |
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Term
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Definition
| psychedelic drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulant and hallucinogen; euphoria and social intimacy |
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Term
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Definition
| the presumption that mind and body are 2 distinct entities |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body function |
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Term
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Definition
| depress the activity of the CNS, reducing anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulate neural activity; energy and mood changes; speeded up body functions |
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Term
| three categories of psychoactive drugs.. |
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Definition
| depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens |
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Term
| hallucinations similar to those that accompany the near-death experience can be produced by.. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| integrates behavioral/medical knowledge and applies that to health and disease |
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Term
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Definition
| apply psychological concepts and research to illness prevention |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which we perceive and respond to stressors |
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Term
| general adaptation syndrome |
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Definition
the body's adaptive response to stress;
alarm: ready to fight, alarm reaction, heart rate increases
resistance: temperature, blood pressure and respiration remain and a sudden outpour of hormones
exhaustion: body's reserves are depleted, vulnerable to illness |
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Term
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Definition
| clogging of vessels that nourish the heart muscle; leading cause of death in developed countries |
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Term
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Definition
| competitive, impatient, anger-prone people |
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Term
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Definition
| easy going, relaxed people |
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Term
| psycho-physiological illness |
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Definition
| mind-body illness; any stress-related physical illness |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 types of white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| form in bone marrow, fight bacterial infections |
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Term
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Definition
| form in thymus and lymph tissues and attack cancer cells and viruses |
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Term
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Definition
| alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioral methods |
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Term
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Definition
| attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor |
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Term
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Definition
| attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| exercise that increases heart and lung fitness and can alleviate depression and anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
| a system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension |
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Term
| complementary and alternative medicine |
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Definition
| unproven health care treatments not widely taught in medical schools, not used in hospitals, and not reimbursed by insurance companies |
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Term
| generalized anxiety disorder |
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Definition
| an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic system arousal |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
| an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking or other frightening sensations |
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Term
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Definition
| an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation |
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Term
| obsessive-compulsive disorder |
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Definition
| unwanted, repetitive thoughts [obsessions] and or actions [compulsions] |
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Term
| post-traumatic stress disorder |
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Definition
| an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience |
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Term
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Definition
| general anxiety is linked with classical conditioning of fear |
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Term
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Definition
| learn fears readily as part of natural selection |
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Term
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Definition
| people repress intolerable impulses, ideas, and feelings |
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Term
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Definition
| the avoidance of situations in which help may not be available when panic strikes |
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Term
| major depressive disorder |
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Definition
| a person experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interests |
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Term
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Definition
| a persistently sad mood and low energy level |
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Term
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Definition
| person alternates between hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania |
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Term
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Definition
| mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state |
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Term
| positive symptoms of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| people experience hallucinations, talk in disorganized ways, have inappropriate laughter, and tears of rage |
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Term
| negative symptoms of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| toneless voices, expressionless faces, mute and rigid bodies |
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Term
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Definition
| sensory experiences without sensory stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
| false beliefs, often of persecution, that may accompany psychotic disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| remaining motionless for hours |
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Term
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Definition
| preoccupation with delusions or hallucinations |
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Term
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Definition
| immobility, extreme negativism, parrot-like repetition |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking |
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Term
| disorganized schizophrenia |
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Definition
| speech or behavior, flat or inappropriate emotion |
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Term
| undifferentiated schizophrenia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| withdrawal, after hallucinations and delusions have disappeared |
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Term
| biological explanations for schizophrenia |
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Definition
dopamine overactivity: high level of brain signals, overreactions
structural changes in the brain: low brain activity in the frontal lobes; which are critical for reasoning, planning and problem solving
genetic disposition
maternal viral infection: impairs fetal brain development
and psychological factors |
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Term
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Definition
| an approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences released previously repressed feelings |
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Term
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Definition
| analyst's noting supposed dream meanings and resistances |
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Term
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Definition
| patient's transfer to the analyst of emotion linked with other relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| boost self-fulfillment by helping people grow in self-acceptance and self-awareness |
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Term
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Definition
| listening without judging or directing to a specific insight |
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Term
| unconditional positive regard |
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Definition
| accept their worst traits and feel valued as a whole |
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Term
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Definition
| the capacity to discern the true nature of a situation |
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Term
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Definition
| applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors |
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Term
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Definition
| condition new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors |
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Term
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Definition
| treat anxieties by exposing people to the things they fear |
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Term
| systematic desensitization |
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Definition
| associates an unpleasant state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| treatment to replace undesirable behaviors with desirable ones |
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Term
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Definition
| people earn tokens for desired behaviors and can exchange them for treats |
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Term
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Definition
| teaches people new, adaptive ways of thinking and acting |
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Term
| cognitive-behavioral therapy |
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Definition
| combines cognitive therapy with behavioral therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| treats the family as a system; views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influence by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide towards positive relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| study of the effects of drugs on the mind and behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| neither the patient nor the researcher know the placebo |
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Term
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Definition
| increases availability of neurotransmitters that elevate arousal and lift people up emotionally |
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Term
| selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors |
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Definition
| partially block the reabsorption and removal of serotonin from synapses, enhancing mood-lifting effects |
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Term
| antipsychotic medications |
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Definition
| dopamine blocking drugs; calm psychotic patients |
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Term
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Definition
| depress the central nervous system activity |
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Term
| mood stabilizing medications |
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Definition
| stabilize emotional highs and lows |
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Term
| electroconvulsive therapy |
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Definition
| treats severe depression; electric shocks through the brain |
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Term
| repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation |
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Definition
| application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity |
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Term
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Definition
| surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior |
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Term
| randomized clinical trials |
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Definition
| random allocation of different treatments to patients; used to measure efficacy |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure for statistically combining the results of many research studies |
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Term
| empirically supported therapies |
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Definition
| cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| an inert substance; the belief a treatment will work |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for extreme scores to fall back to the mean |
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Term
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Definition
| hope for demoralized people, a new perspective on oneself and the world, and an empathic, trusting, caring relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| the emotional bond between therapist and client |
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Term
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Definition
| associated with the long-term use of antipsychotic drugs |
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Term
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Definition
| helps treat bipolar disorder |
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