Term
| What is the definition of learning? |
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Definition
| Relative permanent change in behavior or cognitions brought about through experience or interactions with the environment |
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Term
| What are the three approaches to learning? |
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Definition
| Classical, Operant, Cognitive Social Learning |
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Term
| Classical Conditioning (Learning by association) Definition |
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Definition
| Reflexive response to one stimulus becomes controlled by neutral stimulus associated over time |
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Term
| What is the unconditioned stimulus? |
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Definition
| Elicits UCR (not voluntary act) |
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Term
| What is an unconditioned response? |
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Definition
| Unlearned (reflexive) response to UCS |
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Term
| What is a conditioned stimulus? (us) |
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Definition
| Neutral stimulus aquires ability to elicit response after paired with UCS |
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Term
| What is a conditioned response? |
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Definition
| Elicited by conditioned stimulus |
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Term
| What are some examples of UCR? |
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Definition
| Salivation to lemon juice-knee jerk to tap-Shiver response to cold |
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Term
| Classical conditioning is useful in explaining.... |
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Definition
| phobias, sexual fetishes, etc |
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Term
| counter conditioning is used to treat... |
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Definition
| phobias, speech anxiety, fear of flying..etc |
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Term
| Consequences of response determine-> |
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Definition
| probability of response occuring in the future |
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Term
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Definition
| emitted voluntary behavior |
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Term
| classical conditioning involves |
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Definition
| association between two stimuli, reflexive involuntary behavior..etc |
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Term
| operant conditioning involves |
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Definition
| behavior is voluntary, consequences change the probability of behavior ocurring..etc |
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Term
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Definition
| reinforcement given after fixed number of ratios (sales, widgets) |
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Term
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Definition
| reinforcement after varying number of ratios |
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Term
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Definition
| reinforcement based on TIME INTERVAL (EX 2 WEEKS) |
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Term
| variable interval schedule |
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Definition
| reinforcement after varying amount of time...... ex.. slot machine, or fishing.. |
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Term
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Definition
| every third answer of quiz show wins a prize |
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Term
| example of variable ratio |
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Definition
| malfunctioning pop machine. lottery. |
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Term
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Definition
| method of successive approximations |
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Term
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Definition
| rat in skinner box had to be taught to push the lever |
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Term
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Definition
| learning the difference between appropriate and unappropriate occasions for response |
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Term
| examples of discriminitve stimulus |
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Definition
| enviornmental cue- stop light, time of day |
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Term
| What did Bandura discover? |
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Definition
| People learn through modeling |
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Term
| What are the three stages of memory? |
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Definition
| Sensory register-lasts less then 4 seconds- transfered to short term memory-memory not attended to is lost |
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Term
| What is short term memory |
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Definition
| limited capacity- 7 items plus or minus two -short term memory lasts less then one minutes unless control processes are used |
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Term
| Control processes of short term memory |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the processing location for STM? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the capacity for long term memory |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the LTM processed? |
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Definition
| hippocampus then transfered to other brain areas |
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Term
| What are the three types of long term memory? |
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Definition
| Semantic,episodic, procedural |
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Term
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Definition
| memory for meaning (concepts) |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory for skills (how to) |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory about time and places |
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Term
| Associative network pertaining to LTM |
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Definition
| memories linked together through experience/knowledge |
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Term
| Three ways to test retrieval of LTM |
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Definition
| Recall method, Recognition method, relearning method |
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Term
| What is the decay theory? |
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Definition
| unused memories fade gradually over time |
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Term
| What is the interference theory? |
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Definition
| Other memories interfere with retrieval, mostly from similar memories |
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Term
| What are the two types of interference? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is proactive interference? |
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Definition
| interference from prior learning |
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Term
| What is reactive interference? |
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Definition
| interference from later learning |
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Term
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Definition
| associative networks of beliefs, knowledge and expectations |
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Term
| brain stores meaning better or worse then episodic details? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is retrograde amnesia? |
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Definition
| no memory of what happened immediately before an accident or stressful event |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to store and retrieve new information |
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