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Definition
| Transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory. |
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Definition
| Keeping or maintaining information in memory. |
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Definition
| When information stored in memory is brought to mind. |
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Term
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Definition
| Allows new information to be stored in memory for later retrieval; requires the synthesis of protein molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
| Information that comes in through senses (virtually everything you see, hear, or otherwise sense) is held in _____, but only for the briefest amount of time (up to 2 seconds). |
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Term
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Definition
| Purposefully forgetting information in order to protect oneself from experiences that are painful, frightening, or otherwise unpleasant. |
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Term
| SHORT-TERM (WORKING) MEMORY |
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Definition
| Type of memory that has a limited capacity and in which items are remembered for less than 30 seconds; Usually codes according to sound. |
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Term
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Definition
| Organinzing/grouping seperate bits of information into larger units or chunks (easily identifiable units such as syllables, words, acronyms, or numbers). |
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Term
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Definition
| Repeating something over and over again in order to commit it to memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vast storehouse of permanent or relatively permanent memories; holds all the knowledge you have accumulated, the skills you have aquired, and the experiences you have had. |
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Term
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Definition
| Strategy of memorization that relates new information to information already in your long-term memory. |
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Term
| DECLARATIVE (EXPLICIT) MEMORY |
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Definition
| Subsystem within long-term memory; stores information that can be brought to mind in the form of words or images and then stated, or declared. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of declarative memory that holds memories of events as they have been subjectively experienced. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of declarative memory that contains general knowledge, or objective facts and information. |
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Term
| NONDECLARATIVE (IMPLICIT) MEMORY |
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Definition
| Subsystem of long-term memory that consists of motor skills, habits, and simple classically conditioned responses; aquired through repetition. |
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Term
| LEVELS-OF-PROCESSING MODEL |
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Definition
| Suggests that how long people remember something depends on how deeply they process the information. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a person must produce required information by searching memory without the help of retrieval cues. |
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Term
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Definition
| A stimulus that aids in the retrieval of particular information from long-term memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a person recognizes something as familiar. |
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Term
| RELEARNING (SAVINGS) METHOD |
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Definition
| Method in which retention is expressed as the percentage of time saved when material is relearned, compared with the time required to learn the material originally. |
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Term
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Definition
| An account pieced together from a few highlights, using information that may or may not be accurate. |
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Term
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Definition
| An integrated framework of knowledge stored in long-term memory (clusters of knowledge about objects, people, and situations that encode generalizations about our experiences). |
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Term
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Definition
| When misleading information suplied to witnesses after an event causes erroneous recollection. |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory formed when a person learns of an event that is surprising, shocking, and highly emotional. |
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Term
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Definition
| The finding that, for information learned in sequence, recall is better for items at the beginning and the end than it is for items in the middle of the sequence. |
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Term
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Definition
| Information at the beginning of a sequence is subject to ___; It is likely to be recalled because it has already been placed in long-term memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| Information at the end of a sequence is subject to ___; It is likely to be recalled because it is still in short-term memory. |
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Term
| STATE-DEPENDENT MEMORY EFFECT |
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Definition
| When people tend to recall information better if they are in the same internal emotional state as they were when the information was encoded. |
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Term
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Definition
| Temporal lobe the includes the hippocampus and the underlying cortical areas. |
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Term
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Definition
| An increase in the efficiency of neutral transmission at the synapses that lasts for hours or longer; the physiological process that underlies the formation of memories. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Combinations of letters that can be pronounced but have no meaning. |
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Definition
| Consists of saving scores at various time intervals after original learning; shows that the largest amount of forgetting occurs very quickly, but after that forgetting tapers off. |
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Term
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Definition
| Theory that assumes that memories, if not used, fade with time and ultimately disappear entirely. |
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Term
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Definition
| Causes an inability to remember, due to the fact that the information never entered long-term memory in the first place. |
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Term
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Definition
| An interuption when trying to recall a piece of information; major cause of forgetting. |
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Term
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Definition
| When information or experiences already stored in long-term memory hinder the ability to remember newer information. |
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Term
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Definition
| When new learning interferes with the ability to remember previously learned information. |
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Term
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Definition
| A disruption in the consolidation process, usually causing long-term memory not to form. |
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Term
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Definition
| When unpleasant memories are litterally removed from consciousness, and the person is no longer aware that the unpleasant event ever occurred. |
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Term
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Definition
| Forgetting to carry out intended actions. |
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