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Psychology Chapter 3
The Nervous System, the brain, hormones, and heredity
21
Psychology
12th Grade
10/08/2013

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Term
cerebrum
Definition
Part of the hindbrain that helps control balance and coordination
Term
neuron
Definition
Nerve cell
Term
association areas
Definition
Part of the cerebral cortex that governs thought and language
Term
somatic nervous system
Definition
Part of the peripheral nervous system that transmits sensory messages
Term
endocrine system
Definition
System that consists of glands that secrete hormones
Term
myelin
Definition
Fatty substance that protects the axon
Term
dendrite
Definition
Thin fibers that transmit messages to the neuron's cell body
Term
neurotransmitter
Definition
Chemical used to send messages across synapses
Term
autonomic nervous system
Definition
Part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates the body's vital functions
Term
thalamus
Definition
Part of the forebrain that serves as a relay station for sensory stimulation
Term
genes
Definition
the basic building blocks of heredity
Term
Pituitary Gland
Definition
Gland that secretes growth hormones and hormones that stimulate labor in pregnant women
Term
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Definition
measures the brain's electrical activity
Term
medulla
Definition
part of the hindbrain that helps control such vital functions as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing
Term
Thyroid Gland
Definition
Secretes hormones that control the body's metabolism
Term
Axon
Definition
Carries messages away from the neuron's cell body
Term
Peripheral Nervous System
Definition
Transmits information from the central nervous system to other parts of the body
Term
Adrenal Gland
Definition
produces the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline
Term
pons
Definition
part of the reticular activating system that helps regulate sleep and alertness
Term
cerebrum
Definition
the largest part of the brain
Term
cerebral cortex
Definition
the outer layer of the brain
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