Term
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Definition
| Largely arbitrary system of communication that combines symbols (such as words or gestural signs) in rule-based ways to create meaning |
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Definition
| Category of sounds our vocal apparatus produces |
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Definition
| Smallest meaningful unit of speech |
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Definition
| Grammatical rules that govern how words are composed into meaningful strings |
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Term
| Extralinguistic Information |
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Definition
| Elements of communication that aren't part of the content of language but are critical to interpreting its meaning |
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Definition
| Meaning derived from words and sentences |
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Definition
| Language variation used by a group of people who share geographic proximity or ethnic background |
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Definition
| intentional vocalization that lacks specific meaning |
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Term
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Definition
| Early period of language development when children use single-word phrases to convey an entire thought |
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Definition
| Language developed by members of a deaf community that uses visual rather than auditory communication |
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Definition
| Proficient and fluent at speaking and comprehending two distinct languages |
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Definition
| Awareness of how language is structured and used |
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Term
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Definition
| System of signs invented by deaf children of hearing parents who receive no language input |
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Term
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Definition
| Allowing an infinite number of unique sentences to be created by combining words in novel ways |
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Term
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Definition
| Account of language acquisition that suggests children are born with some basic knowledge of how language works |
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Term
| Language Acquisition Device |
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Definition
| Hypothetical organ in the brain in which natavists believe knowledge of syntax resides |
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Term
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Definition
| Account of language acquisition that proposes children infer what words and sentences mean from context and social interactions |
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Term
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Definition
| View that all thought is represented verbally and that, as a result, our language defines our thinking |
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Term
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Definition
| View that characteristics of language shape our thought processes |
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Term
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Definition
| Reading strategy that involves identifying common words based on their appearance wihout having to sound them out |
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Term
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Definition
| Reading strategy that involves sounding out words by drawing correspondences between printed letters and sounds |
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Term
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Definition
| Any mental activity or processing of information, including learning, remembering, perceiving, communicating, behaving, and deciding |
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Definition
| Our knowledge and ideas about a set of objects, actions, and or characteristics that share core properties |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of selecting among a set of possible alternatives |
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Definition
| The way a question is formulated which can influence the decisions people make |
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Definition
| Generating a cognitive strategy to accomplish a goal |
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Definition
| Step-by-step learned procedure used to solve a problem |
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Term
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Definition
| Phenomenon of becoming stuck in a specific problem-solving strategy, inhibiting our ability to generate alternatives |
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Term
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Definition
| Difficulty conceptualizing that an object typically used for one purpose can be used for another |
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