Term
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Definition
| Retention of information over time |
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Term
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Definition
| False but subjectively compelling memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Brief storage of perceptual information before it is passed to short-term memory |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Memory system that retains information for limited durations |
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Term
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Definition
| Fading of information from memory over time |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of information from memory because of competition from additional incoming information |
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Term
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Definition
| Interference with retention of old information due to acquisition of new information |
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Term
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Definition
| Interference with acquisition of new information due to previous learning of information |
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Term
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Definition
| The span of short-term memory, according to George Miller: seven plus or minus two pieces of information |
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Term
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Definition
| Organizing information into meaningful groupings, allowing us to extend the span of short-term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Repeating information to extend the duration of retention in short-term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Repeating stimuli in their original form to retain them in short-term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Linking stimuli to each other in a meaningful way to improve retention of information in short-term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Depth of transforming information, which influences how easily we remember it |
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Term
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Definition
| Relatively enduring (from minutes to years) retention of information stored regarding our facts, experiences, and skills |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of long-term memory that appears to be permanent |
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Term
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Definition
| Tendency to remember words at the beginning of a list especially well |
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Term
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Definition
| Tendency to remember words at the end of a list especially well |
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Term
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Definition
| Graph depicting both primacy and recency effects on people's ability to recall items on a list |
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Term
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Definition
| Our knowledge of facts about the world |
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Term
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Definition
| Recollection of events in our lives |
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Term
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Definition
| Memories we recall intentionally and of which we have concious awareness |
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Term
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Definition
| Memories we don't deliberately remember or reflect on consciously |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory for how to do things, including motor skills and habits |
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Term
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Definition
| Our ability to identify a stimulus more easily or more quickly after we've encountered similar stimuli |
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Term
| Three Processes of Memory |
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Definition
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of getting information into our memory banks |
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Term
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Definition
| A learning aid, strategy, or device that enhances recall |
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Term
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Definition
| Mnemonic that uses rhyming to remember |
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Term
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Definition
| Relies on imagery of places, locations |
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Term
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Definition
| Think of an English word that reminds you of the word or thing you're trying to remember |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of keeping information in memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Organized knowledge structure or mental model that we've stored in memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Reactivation or reconstruction of experiences from our memory stores |
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Term
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Definition
| Hint that makes it easier for us to recall information |
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Term
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Definition
| Generating previously remembered information |
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Term
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Definition
| Selecting previously remembered information from an array of options |
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Term
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Definition
| Reacquiring knowledge that we'd previously learned but largely forgotten over time |
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Term
| Distributed Versus Massed Practice |
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Definition
| Studying information in small increments over time (distributed) versus in large increments over a brief amount of time (massed) |
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Term
| Tip-of-the-tounge (TOT) Phenomenon |
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Definition
| Experience of knowing that we know something but being unable to access it |
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Term
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Definition
| Phenomenon of remembering something better when the conditions under which we retrieve information are similar to the conditions under which we encoded it |
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Term
| Context-Dependent Learning |
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Definition
| Superior retrieval of memories when the external context of the original memories matches the retrieval context |
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Term
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Definition
| Superior retrieval of memories when the organism is in the same physiological or psychological state as it was during encoding |
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Term
| Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) |
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Definition
| Gradual strengthening of the connections among neurons from repetitive stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of memories from our past |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to encode new memories from our experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| Where the emotional components of memories, especially those governing fear, are stored |
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Term
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Definition
| Knowledge about our own memory abilities and limitations |
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Term
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Definition
| Inabilit of adults to remember personal experiences that took place before an early age |
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Term
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Definition
| Emotional memory that is extraordinarily vivid and detailed |
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Term
| Souce Monitoring Confusion |
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Definition
| Lack of clarity about the origin of a memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure to recognize that our ideas originated with someone else |
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Term
| Suggestive Memory Technique |
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Definition
| Procedure that encourages patients to recall memories that may or may not have taken place |
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Term
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Definition
| Creation of fictitious memories by providing misleading information about an event after it takes place |
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