Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Psychology 1101
Modules 1 and 2
14
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
04/18/2011

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the marked characteristics of Autism?
Definition

 

  • Abnormal or impaired development in social interactions.
    • hiding to avoid people
    • not making eye contact
    • not wanting to be touched
  • Difficulties in communicating
    • developing spoken language
    • initiating conversations
  • Having very few activities and interests
  • Spending long periods repeating the same behaviors
    • hand flapping
  • Following the same rituals.

 

 

Term
Test anxiety
Definition

A combination of:

 

  • physiological
  • emotional
  • cognitive

 

components caused by stress in taking exams. May interfere with one's

 

  • concentration
  • planning
  • academic performance

 

Term
Definition of psychology
Definition

The systematic, scientific study of behaviors and mental processes.

Term
Behaviors
Definition

Observable actions or responses in both humans and animals to include:

 

  • eating
  • speaking
  • laughing
  • running
  • reading
  • sleeping

 

Term
Mental processes
Definition

Not directly observable. Includes a wide range of complex mental processes such as

 

  • thinking
  • imagining
  • studying
  • dreaming

 

Term
4 Goals of Psychology
Definition

 

  1. Describe the different ways that organisms behave.
  2. Explain the causes of behavior.
  3. Predict how organisms will behave in certain situations.
  4. Control an organism's behavior.

 

Term
What is an approach?
Definition

Refers to a focus or perspective which may use a particular research method or technique.

Term
Name the seven approaches to understanding behavior.
Definition

 

  1. Biological approach
  2. Cognitive approach
  3. behavioral approach
  4. Psychoanalytic approach
  5. Humanistic approach
  6. Cross-cultural approach
  7. Evolutionary approach

 

Term
What does the biological approach do?
Definition

This approach focuses on how our genes, hormones, and nervous system interact with our environments to influence

 

  • learning
  • personality
  • memory
  • motivation
  • emotions
  • coping techniques

example: Donna unable to learn words because of a developmental problem with her brain.

 

 

Term
What does the cognitive approach do?
Definition

It examines how we

 

  • process
  • store
  • use 

 

information & how this information influences what we 

 

  • attend to
  • perceive
  • learn
  • remember
  • believe
  • feel

 

 

Term
Describe the behavioral approach
Definition

It studies how organisms learn new behaviors or modify existing ones, depending on whether events in their environments reward or punish these behaviors.

 

Remember how Donna made it a rule not to leave soap bubbles in the sink.

Term
Psychoanalytic approach
Definition

Stresses the influence of

 

  • unconscious fears
  • desires
  • motivations

on thoughts, behaviors, and the development of personality traits and psychological problems later in life.

 

example: split personalities

 

Term
Describe the humanistic approach.
Definition

This approach emphasizes that each individual has great freedom in

 

  • directing his or her future
  • a large capacity for personal growth
  • a considerable amount of intrinsic worth
  • enormous potential for self-fulfillment

 

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