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Definition
| an optimal age range for certain experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| a research design that compares people of different ages at the same point in time |
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Definition
| a research design that repeatedly tests the same cohort as it grows older |
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Term
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Definition
| a research design that combines the cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a developing human from the end of week 2 through week 8 after conception |
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Definition
| a developing human from week 9 after conception until birth |
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Term
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Definition
| external agents that cause abnormal prenatal development |
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Term
fetal alcohol syndrom
(FAS) |
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Definition
| a severe group of abnormalities that result from parental exposure to alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
| automatic, inborn behaviors that occur in response to specific stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| the genetically programmed biological process that governs our growth |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| organized patterns of thought and action |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which new experiences are incorporated into existing schemas |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which new experiences are incorporated into existing schemas |
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Term
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Definition
| the stage of cognitive development in which infants understand their world primarily through sensory experiences and physical motor interactions with objects |
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Term
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Definition
| the understanding that an object continues to exist even when it no longer can be seen |
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Term
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Definition
| the stage of cognitive development in which children represent the words symbolically through words and mental images but do not yet understand basic mental operations or rules |
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Term
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Definition
| the principal that basic properties of objects, such as their volume, mass, or quantity, stay the same even though their outward appearance may change |
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Term
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Definition
| the difficulty in viewing the world from someone else's perspective |
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Term
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Definition
| a person's belief about the mind and ability to understand other people's mental states |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which we evaluate and modify our emotional reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| stages of development, each involving a different "crisis" over how we view ourselves in relation to other people in the world |
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Term
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Definition
| a sudden, biological primed form of attachment |
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Term
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Definition
| the strong emotional bond that develops between children and their primary caregivers |
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Term
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Definition
| distress over contact with unfamiliar people |
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Term
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Definition
| a standardized procedure for examining infant attachment |
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Term
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Definition
| controlling but warm parents |
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Term
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Definition
| parents who exert control but do so within a cold unresponsive or rejecting relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| parents who have warm, caring relationships with their children but do not provide the guidance and discipline that help children learn responsibility and concern for others |
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Term
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Definition
| parents who provide neither warmth nor rules nor guidance |
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Term
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Definition
| a sense of "femaleness" or "maleness" that becomes a central aspect of ones personal identity |
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Term
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Definition
| the understanding that being male or female is a permanent part of a person |
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Term
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Definition
| treating others different based on whether they are female or male |
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Term
| preconventional moral reasoning |
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Definition
| a stage of moral reasoning based on anticipated punishments or rewards |
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Term
| conventional moral reasoning |
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Definition
| a stage of moral reasoning based on conformity to social expectations, laws, and duties |
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Term
| postconventional moral reasoning |
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Definition
| a stage of moral reasoning involving well thought out general moral principals |
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Term
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Definition
| the period of development and gradual transition between childhood and adulthood |
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Term
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Definition
| a period of rapid maturation in which the person becomes capable of sexual reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| a self-absorbed and distorted view of one's uniqueness and importance |
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Term
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Definition
| dementia that begins after age 65 |
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