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Psychology 101
General Psych
53
Audiology
Undergraduate 1
02/12/2012

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Cards

Term
Psychology
Definition
Study of Behavior and Mental Processes
Term
4 goals of Psychology
Definition
Description, Explanation, Prediction, Control
Term
Structuralism
Definition
Focused on Structure or basic elements of the mind
Term
Functionalism
Definition
How the mind allows people to adapt, live, work and play
Term
Cognitive Psychology
Definition
Focuses on memory, Intelligence, perception, problem solving and learning
Term
Behaviorism
Definition
Science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only
Term
Humanistic Perspective
Definition
View that people have "free will" 
Term
Sociocultural Perspective
Definition
Focuses on relationship between social behavior and culture
Term
Biopsychological Perspective
Definition
behavior to biological events occuring in body such as gentic influences, hormones, and activity of nervous system
Term
Evolutionary Perspective
Definition
Focuses on biological bases of universal mental characteristics that all humans share
Term
Scientific Method
Definition
system of gathering data so that bias and error in measurement are reduced
Term
Naturalistic Observation
Definition
watching animals and humans behave in normal environment
Term
Laboratory Observation
Definition
watching animals and humans behave in laboratory setting
Term
Case Study
Definition
study of one individual in great detail
Term
Surveys
Definition
researches ask a series of questions about the topic under study
Term
Correlation
Definition
Measure of the relationship between 2 variables
Term
Variable
Definition
anything that can change or vary
Term
Positive Correlation
Definition

variable are related in same direction.

Ex. Number of Calories Taken in;

Amount of Body Fat

Term
Negative Correlation
Definition

variables are related in opposite directions.

Ex. Amount of Exercise;

Amount of Body Fat

Term
Experiment
Definition
Deliberate manipulation of a variable to see if change in behavior results, allowing cause-and-effect relationship
Term
Independent Variable
Definition
Variable manipulated by experimenter
Term
Dependent variable
Definition
Response or Behavior that is expected to change due to IV
Term
Experimental group
Definition
subject in experiment who are subject to Independent variable
Term
Control Group
Definition
subject in experiment who are not subjected to independent variable
Term
Nervous System
Definition
extensive network of specialized cells that carry info. to and from all parts of body
Term
Neurons
Definition
basic cell that makes up nervous system which receives and sends messages within that system
Term
Dendrites
Definition
branch-like structures that receive messages from other neurons
Term
Soma
Definition
Cell body of neuron responsible for maintaining life of cell
Term
Axon
Definition
Long tube-like structure that acarries neural message to other cells
Term
Myelin
Definition
fatty substance that coat axons of neurons to insulate, protect, and speed up neural impluse
Term
Synapse
Definition
space between one cell to next
Term
Refractory Period
Definition
process which neuron recover between firings. no action potentials occur
Term
Agonists
Definition
mimic or enhance effects of neurotransmitter on receptor sites of next cell, increasing or decreasing activity of cell
Term
Antagonist
Definition
block or reduce a cell's response to action of other chemicals or neurotransmitters
Term
Sensory Neuron
Definition
neuron carries info. from sense to central nervous system
Term
Motor Neuron
Definition
neuron that carries messages from central nervous system to muscles of body
Term
Somatic Nervous System
Definition

Responds to senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste and acts on outside world. 

Ex. Kids playing soccer see ball. 

Run over and kick it!

Term
Autonomic Nervous System
Definition
Controls automatic processes such as heart rate, digestive processes, regulation of blood pressure and functioning of internal organs
Term
Sympathetic Divison
Definition
part of ANS responsible for reacting to stressful events and bodily arousal
Term
Parasympathetic Division
Definition
Part of ANS restores body to normal functioning. Bring you back down!
Term
Medulla
Definition
Controls such things as breathing, swallowing and heart rate.
Term
Pons
Definition
play part in sleep, dreaming, left-right coordination
Term
Reticular formation
Definition
Responsible for selective attention
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Controls and coordinates invoultary, rapid, fine motor movement
Term
Consciousness
Definition
person's awareness of everything that is going on around him or her at any given moment
Term
Rapid Eye movement (REM)
Definition
stage of sleep which eye move rapidly under eyelids and pesron is typically experiencing a dream
Term
NREM
Definition
any of the stages of sleep that do not include REM
Term
Freud
Definition
Dreams as wish fulfillment
Term
Manifest Content
Definition
actual dream itself
Term
Latent Content
Definition
the true, hidden meaning of a dream
Term
Stimulants
Definition
drugs that increase functioning of nervous system
Term
Depressants
Definition
drugs that decrease functioning of nervous system
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