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| years of Classical period of psychology |
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| years of Enlightenment style of philosophy |
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| years of the cognitive revolution |
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| who had the first psychological experimental lab |
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| believed that you are born knowing nothing and gain everything from your experiences |
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| believe you are born with an innate set of framework and knowledge |
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| first to come up with a model for representative transformations |
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| nativist/empiricist mix who spurred Germany's peak in scientific research |
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| established psychophysics, connection between consciousness and physics |
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| father of American psychology |
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| physics, physiology, consciousness, behavior |
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| what are the four domains of psychological explanation |
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| biology, social, processing |
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| what are the 3 baskets of human function |
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| a less certain explanation but one that satisfies why questions, broad |
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| explanation based on specific finding, can describe how things work but not why |
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| communality with animals and learning/reinforcement |
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| what were 2 benefits of behaviorism |
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| creator of classical conditioning |
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| did the maze/rat/3 path experiments, showed learning and exploration |
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| experiment conducted by Watson where he conditioned a child to be scared of a mouse |
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| how many trials did it take to condition Little Albert to be afraid of the mouse |
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| lower level system that controls simple actions, is still present in headless chickens/spinal cats |
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| church idea that humans consist of body and soul but the two are intimately joined |
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| idea that all human behavior is mechanical and can be understood by physical processes |
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| came up with idea of materialism, led to empiricism |
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| the study of how the body works, physically |
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| heavy empiricist scientist |
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| horse that could supposedly answer any question |
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| the attempt to explain behavior in terms of what it accomplishes for the behaving individual |
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| original term used for the saliva generated by Pavlov's dogs before the got food |
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| the unconditional and the conditioned are both trained to elicit a respons |
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| the conditioned stimuli creates a mental representation of the unconditioned stimuli which in turn produces a response |
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| responses that produce a satisfying effect in a situation become more likely to occur again |
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| did experiments with cats in boxes, animals pressing levers etc. law of effect |
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| first to suggest taht the brain was the center of psychological activity |
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| consists of the brain and spinal cord |
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| peripheral nervous system |
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| widest part of a neuron, contains nucleus and basic cell machinery |
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| extensions from neuron cell body that branch out to receive input |
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| tube like extension that carries messages to other neurons, can be extremely lon |
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| and of the axon where transmitters are exchanged |
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| layer covering an axon that makes it transmit faster |
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| change in the charge between two terminals |
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| charge across the membrane of an inactive neuron |
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| chemical substance released when an action potential reaches an axon terminal |
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| gap between two axon terminals |
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| term for any sensory input |
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| neurons that act on muscles connected to bones |
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| neurons that act on visceral muscles and glands/ |
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| part of the body concerned with responding to immediate, stressful info |
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| part of the body concerned with regenerative growth |
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| part of the body that regulates simple drives and emotions |
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| the limbic system consists of these parts |
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| regulates the internal environment of the body, releas of hormones, hunger thirst etc |
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| outermost part of the brain, makes up 80% |
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| receives signals from the brain, visual and auditory areas |
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| sends signals down to motor neurons, receives messages from basal ganglia and cerebellum |
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| occipital, temporal, parietal, frontal |
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| area in the frontal lobe devoted to motor control |
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| the process by which a receptor produces an electrical charge in response to physical stimulation |
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| just noticeable difference or difference threshhold |
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| minimum difference btwn stimuli that can be detected |
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| the faintest detectable stimulus |
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| transparent tissue at the front of the eyeball that helps the eye focus |
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| opaque, colored part of the eye |
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| membrane lining the rear of the eye where the photoreceptors are |
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| hole in the iris where light enters |
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| behind the iris, aids the cornea in focusing |
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| chemical in rods that send an electric charge when activated |
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| cells where rods and cones form synapses |
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| pairs of wavelengths can be found when added together they produce white |
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| these two produced the trichromatic color vision theory |
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| he developed the opponent process theory |
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| theory that color vision emerges from the combined activity of three types of receptors |
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| theory that complementary color erase each other, color perception is mediate by neurons that can be excited or inhibited |
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| proximity, similarity, closure, god continuation, common movement, good form |
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| the experiencing of one's own mental events |
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| trace of sensory input that lasts for a few seconds in the mind, mostly does not enter consciousness |
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| seat of conscious though, major workplace of the mind, long and sensory stores contribute to the flow |
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| where info goes once it has passed through sensory and workin memories, unlimited capacity, long duration |
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| controls flow from sensory to working memory |
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| controls movement from working to long term memory |
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| controls flow from long term to working memory |
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| unconscious analysis of sensory info |
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| the activation by sensory input of into that is already stored in long term memory |
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| stroop interference effect |
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Definition
| color/word experiment proved this, it takes longest to read when color and word differ |
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| as much as they can say in 2 seconds |
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| what is the general span of short term memory |
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| encoding something by thinking about it more deeply that simply repeating it |
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| grouping adjacent items that are at first perceived as separate |
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| spreading activation model |
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| the idea that the activation of one concept initiates the spread of activity to nearby concepts in the network |
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| a generalized mental interpretation of something |
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| a schema that involves organization of events in time |
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| memory that can be brought into a person's consciousness |
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| memory that does not enter consciouness |
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| explicit memory of one's own past experiences |
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| memories not tied directly to your own past experiences |
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| unconsciously learned habits, motor skills and rules |
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| proposed the theory of cognitive dissonance |
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| insufficient justification effect |
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| when people can't undo a deed, they relieve dissonance by changing their attitude |
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| culture highly concerned with personal relationships and groups |
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| culture that focuses in individual interests and abilities |
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| incapacitating fear of offending others |
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Definition
| congenital disorder caused by an error in meiosis where a chromosome is retained |
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| congenital disorder characterized by severe social instinct deficits |
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| those that were in place well before the onset of the disorder |
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| intermediate events in a person's life that bring on the disorder |
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| consequences of a disorder that help it keep going once it begins |
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| women are diagnosed with these disorders twice as often as men |
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| explosive disorder and substance abuse |
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| men are diagnosed with these disorders more often than women |
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| generalized anxiety disorder |
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Definition
| sufferers of this disorder worry continuously about multiple issues |
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Definition
| intense irrational fears clearly related to a specific category or event |
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| unpredictable feeling of terror for no particular reason |
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| post traumatic stress disorder |
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| anxiety brought on by a particularly traumatic experience |
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| in this disorder, severe symptoms of depression last without remission for longer than two weeks |
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| less severe depressive symptoms occur for more than 2 years |
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Definition
| these are disorders in which the person experiences bodily ailments in the absence of any physical explanation |
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| characterized by a long history of complaints about many medical conditions, most of which are vague and unverifiable |
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| person temporarily loses some body function in a manner that cannot be explained by physical damage |
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| first to use term schizophrenia |
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Term
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Definition
| what does the word schizophrenia mean |
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Definition
| these symptoms of schizophrenia include delusions and hallucinations |
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| paranoid, catatonic, disorganized |
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Definition
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| positive, negative and disorganized |
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Definition
| types of schizophrenic symptoms |
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| chemical that is now considered to be related to schizophrenia |
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| the amount of relatives of people with a disorder who also have the disorder |
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| the field of practice and research directed toward helping people who suffer from psychological problems |
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| reformers of mental hospitals |
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| reformers of mental hospitals |
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