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Psychologists
Psy 1001 Psychologits and their work/views.
31
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/10/2010

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Cards

Term
Wilheim Wundt
Definition
Founder of Psychology.
Term
William James
Definition
Functionalism.
Term
John B. Watson
Definition
Founded Behaviorism.
Term
BF Skinner
Definition
Behaviorist. Fundamental principle of behavior. Repeat good, don't repeat bad.
Term
Sigmund Freud
Definition
Psychoanalysis. Unconscious.

3 Levels of awareness:
Id, ego, superego.

The id is raw biological urges.
Ego decision making tha conforms to reality.
Superego is the morality component.

Unpleasent emotions warded off by defense mechanisms.
Term
Jean Piaget
Definition
Focused on childrens cognitive developement.
Term
Carl Rogers
Definition
Humanist. Everyone is governed by "self-concept"

Humanists assume people are conscious of their actions. Incongruence is the disparity between self-concept and actual experience.

Client-centered therapy.
Term
Weber's law
Definition
JND is proportional.
Term
David Hubel and Thornton Wiesel
Definition
The discovered that cells in the primary visual cortex respond to lines, edges, etc.
Term
Pavlov
Definition
Classical conditioning.
Term
El Thorndike
Definition
Thorndike's law of effect, behavior changes because of its consequences.
Term
Albert Bandura
Definition
Conditioning does not have to be from direct experience.

Social Cognitive Theory emphasizes how cognitive factors shape personality

Self-Efficacy, belief in yourself to perform
Term
Clive Wearing
Definition
Episodic memory is gone because he cannot remember time or places. Semantic and procedural are still there.
Term
Elizabeth Loftus
Definition
Found memories could be altered through misinformation. Found that we could make up memories.
Term
Peterson and Peterson
Definition
Studied short term memory using triagrams, and counting backwards.
Term
Ebbinghaus
Definition
Forgetting curve. Rentention and forgetting vs. time.
Term
Francis Galton
Definition
Concluded intellectual variation is due to genetics. Twin studies.

English bio/theo tradition.

Psychometrics, and correlation.
Term
Alfred Binet
Definition
Developed first intelligence tests to help kids. Coined 'mental age'.

French clincial/therapy tradition.

Developed Stanford-Binet.

Identify at-risk students.
Term
Charles Spearman
Definition
Developed 'G'
Term
Louisville Longitudinal Twins Study
Definition
MZ are similar in mental ability. DZ are more like siblings.
Term
Ekman
Definition
6 fundamental emotions
Term
Erikson
Definition
Stages of development:
Trust vs. mistrust
Autonomy vs Shame and doubt
Initiative vs guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
Identity vs Confusion
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Self-Absorption
Integrity vs. Despair
Term
Jung
Definition
Analytical psychology: 2 layes of unconscious.
Personal and the collective.

First to form:
Introverts: inside world.
Extroverts: outside world.
Term
Adler
Definition
Individual psychology. Social forces shape developement

Striving for superiority
Term
Maslow
Definition
Self-actualization, or need to fulfill one's potential. Hierachy of needs:
Self-actualization
Aesthetic needs.
Cognitive needs.
Esteem needs.
Love and Belonging.
Safety and security
Physiological needs.
Term
Hazan & Shaver
Definition
Avoidant people have more casual sex.
Term
Mischel
Definition
Social learning theory emphasizes how people behave differently

Person vs. situation
Term
Eysenck
Definition
Personality is largely genetic

Hierarchy of traits in which superficial traits are derived from fundamental traits.
Term
Kohlberg
Definition
Preconventual
conventual
Postconventual
Term
Schachter
Definition
Two-Factor Model: Relies on autonomic arousal and then interperetation of this arousal.
Term
Kurt Lewin
Definition
Social Psychology
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