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| The second stage of of psychosexual development, when pleasure is derived from retaining and expelling feces. |
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| An elaborate explanationof human nature that combines ideas from history, mythology, anthropology, and religion. |
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| The biological and psychological aspects of masculinity and femininity, which are though to coexist in both sexes. |
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| A feeling of impending doom that results from repressed feelings, memories, desires, and experiences emerging to the surface of awareness. From a pyschoanalytic perspective, there are three kinds of anxiety: reality, neurotic, and moral anxiety. |
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| The images of universal experiences contained in the collective unconscious. |
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| An anonymous stance assumed by classical psychoanalysts aimed at fostering transference. |
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| BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER |
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Definition
A disorder characterized by instability, irritability, self-destructive acts, impulsivity, and extreme mood shifts.
Such people lack a sense of their own identity and do not have a deep understanding of others. |
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| BRIEF PSYCHODYNAMIC THERAPY (BPT) |
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| An adaptation of the principles of pyschoanalytic theory and therapy aimed at treating selective disorders within a preestablished time limit. |
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| The traditional (Freudian) approach to psychoanalysis based on a long-term exploration of past conflicts, many of which are unconscious, and an extensive process of working through early wounds. |
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| From a Jungian perspective, the deepest level of the pysche that contains an accumulation of inherited experiences. |
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| An ego-defense mechanism that consists of masking perceived weaknesses or developing certain positive traits to make up for limitations. |
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| CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOANALYSIS |
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| Newer formulations of psychoanalytic theory that share some core characteristics of classical analytic theory, but with different applications of techniques; extensions and adaptations of orthodox psychoanalysis. |
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| The therapist's unconscious emotional responses to a client that are likely to interfere with objectivity; unresolved conflicts of the therapist that are projected onto the client. |
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| According to Erikson, a turning point in life when we have the potential to move forward or to regress. At these turning points we can either resolve our conflicts or fail to master the developmental task. |
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| A Freudian concept that refers to a tendency of individuals to harbor an unconsious wish to die or hurt themselves or others; accounts for the aggressive drive. |
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| In denial, there is an effort to suppress unpleasant reality. It consists of coping with anxiety by "closing our eyes" to the existence of anxiety-producing reality. |
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| DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY (DBT) |
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| A blend of cognitive behavioral and psychoanalytical techniques that generally involves a minimum of one year treatment. |
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| An ego-defense mechanism that entails redirection of some emotion from a real source to a subtitute person or object. |
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| A technique for uncovering unconscious material and giving clients insight into some of their unresolved problems Therapists participate with clients in exploring dreams and in intepreting possible meanings. |
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| The process by which the latent content of a dream is transformed into the less threatenng manifest content. |
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| The part of the personality that is the mediator between external reality and inner demands |
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| Intrapsychic processes that operate unconsciously to protect the person from threatening, and therefore anxiety producing thoughts, feelings, and impulses. |
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| The psychosocial approach of Erik Erikson, which emphasizes the development of the ego or self at various stages of life. |
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| The condition of being arrested, or "stuck," at one level of psychosexual development |
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| A primary technique, consisiting of spontaneous and uncensored verablization by the client, which gives clues to the nature of the client's unconscious conflicts |
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| The final stage of psychosexual development, usually attained at adolescence, in which heterosexual interests and activities are generally predominant |
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| The part of the personality, present at birth, that is blind, demanding and insistent. Its function is to discharge tension and return to homeostasis. |
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| A theory stating that instincts and intrapsychic conflicts are the basic factors shaping personality development (both normal and abnormal. |
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| As an ego defense, this may involve individuals indentifying themselves with successful causes in th ehope that they will be seen as worthwhile. |
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| A developmental challenge, occurring during adolescence, whereby the person seeks to establish a stable view of self and to define a place in life. |
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| The harmonious integration of the conscious and unconscious aspects of personality. |
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| A technique used to explore the meanings of free association, dreams, resistances, and transference feelings. |
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| A process of tacking in the values and standards of others. |
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| A period of psychosexual development, following the phallic stage, that is relatively calm before the storm of adolescence. |
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| Our hidden, symbolic, and unconscious motives, wishes, and fears. |
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| The instinctual drives of the id and the source of psychic energy; Freudian notion of life instincts. |
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| Instincts oriented toward growth, development, and creativity that serve the purpose of the survival of the individual and human race. |
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| MAINTAINING THE ANALYTIC FRAME |
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| Refers to a range of procedures, such as an analyst's anonymity, regularity and consistency of meetings, as a structure for therapy. |
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| The dream as it appears to the dreamer. |
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| The fear of one's own conscience; people with a well-developed conscience tend to feel guilty when they do something contrary to moral code. |
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| A process whereby group members develop intense feelings for certain others in a group; an individual may "see" in others some significant figure such as a parent, life-partner, ex-lover, or boss. |
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| Extreme slef-love, as opposed to love of others. A narcissistic personality is characterized by a grandiose and exaggerated sense of self-importance and an exploitative attitude towards others, which serve the function of masking frail self-concept. |
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| The fear that the instincts will get out of hand and cause one to do something for which one will be punished. |
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| Interpersonal relationships as they are represented intrapsychically. |
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| Interpersonal relationships as they are related intrapyschically. |
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| A newer version of psychoanalytic thinking which focuses on predictable developental sequences in which early experiences of self shift in relation to an expanding awareness of others. It holds that individuals go through phases of autism, normal symbiosis, and separation and individualization, culminating in a state of integration. |
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| The initial stage of psychosexual development, during which the child gains maximum gratification through direct experience with the genitals. |
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| The mask we wear, or public face we present, as a way to protect ourselves. |
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