Term
| Prompted by concern aboud addiction to patent medicines (Ex. Collier's 1905). Required labesl on medicines to list opiate, cocaine, alcohol, and cannabis contents. |
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Definition
Pure Food & Drug Act
1906 |
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Term
Prompted by an ineffective cancer remedy.
Drug labels could not contain false claims |
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Definition
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Term
| Prompted by death of 40 people resulting from a sulfa product dissolved in diethylene glycol. Defined what was meant by term drugs; required new drugs be safe; labels to list ingredients and quantity and explain correct use; created prescription and OTC drug categories. |
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Definition
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
1938 |
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Term
Prompted by concern about public use of OTC drugs
Established criteria for prescription and OTC drugs |
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Definition
Durham-Humphry Amendment
1951 |
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Term
| Prompted by the thalidomide tragedy. Established testing procedure for new drugs; required drug companies to demostrate safety and effectiveness. phocomelia refers to the "flipper-like" limbs. |
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Definition
Kefauver-Harris Amendment
1962 |
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Term
| National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council evaluates 512 OTC drugs marketed from 1938-1962. Only 15% judged effective |
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Definition
NAS/NRC-FDA Study of Drugs
1966 |
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Term
Seventeen panals of experts to review all OTC drugs (over 300,000 on market). By 1981, 700 ingredients were evaluated. Categorized as:
1. safe & effective
2. not safe & effective
3. insufficient data |
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Definition
FDA OTC Drug Products Evaluation Program
1972 |
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Term
| First federal legislation to regulate production, importation, sale and purchase of opium or drugs derived from opium |
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Definition
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Term
| Made it illegal to manufacture heroin |
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Definition
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Term
| Provides controls over marijuana similar to the Harrison Act over narcotics |
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Definition
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Term
| Prohibits growing opium poppies in the U.S. except under license |
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Definition
| Opium Poppy Control Act, 1942 |
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Term
| Established severe madatory penalties for conviction on narcotics charges |
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Definition
| Boggs Amendment to Harrison Narcotics Act, 1951 |
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Term
| Intent to impose very severe penalties for those convicted of narcotis or marijuana charges |
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Definition
| Narcotics Control Act, 1956 |
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Term
| Adopts strict controls over ampethamines, barbiturates, LSD, etc. with provisions to add new stustances as needed |
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Definition
| Drug Abuse Control Amendments 1965 |
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Term
| Allows treatment as an alternative to jail |
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Definition
| Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Act, 1966 |
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Term
| Replaced previous laws and catgorized drugs based on schedules which consider abuse and addiction potential as well as therapeutic value |
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Definition
| Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention & Control Act, 1970 |
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Term
| Made illegal substances similar in effects and structure to substances already scheduled |
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Definition
| Analougues (Designer Drug) Act, 1986 |
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Term
| Allowed Dr's to dispense certain narcotics for treatment of opioid addiction in medical facilities (rather than clinics). |
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Definition
| Drug Addiction Treatment Act, 2000 |
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Term
| What is the real reason why marijuana is illegal? |
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Definition
| Essentially, politics and immigration issues are why marijuana is illegal |
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Term
| What drug act created the "Drug Schedules"? |
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Definition
| Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention & Control Act of 1970 |
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Term
| What are Drug Schedules established on? |
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Definition
| Established 5 schedules based on degree of abuse potential and clinical usefulness |
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Term
| Describe Schedule 1 drugs |
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Definition
| Have high abuse potential and no currently approved medicinal use |
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Term
| Describe Schedule II Drugs |
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Definition
| Have high abuse potential but can be used for some medicinal purposes |
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Term
| Describe Schedule III-V drugs |
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Definition
| Have medicinal uses but differ in likelihood of abuse with Schedule III being most likely to be abused. |
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Term
| What are some examples of Schedule I drugs? |
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Definition
| DMT, Heroin, LSD, Merijuana, MEscaline, Peyote, Psilocybin, Quaaludes |
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Term
| What are some examples of Schedule II drugs? |
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Definition
| Benzedrine, Dexedrine, Cocaine, Ritalin, Codeine, Morphine, Methadone, Demerol, Dilaudid, Percodan, Fentanyl |
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Term
| What are examples of Schedule III drugs? |
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Definition
| Butisol, Empirin w/ codeine, Fiorinal, Paregoric, Tylenot w/ codeine, Anabolic steroids |
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Term
| What are some examples of Schedule IV drugs? |
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Definition
| Dalmane, Darvon, Librium. Luminal, Miltown, Serax, Tranxene, Valium |
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Term
| What are some examples of Schedule V drugs? |
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Definition
| Cheracol w. codeine, Cosadein, Robitussin A-C |
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Term
| In , people were arrested for marijuana. |
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Definition
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Term
| million have tried marijuana in their lifetime; million have smoked in the last year; million have smoked in the last month. |
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Definition
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Term
| About how many HIV infections could be prevented every day if the federal ban on needle exchange funding is lifted. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Federal Prison Population is projected to exceed by with % violent criminals & % drug offenders. |
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Definition
| 130,000 by 2000, 3%, >60% |
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Term
| Since Mandatory Minimums were enacted, the number fo women inmates has tripled. Most are first time, , - drug offenders. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are a Summary of Arguments of Favor of drug legalization? |
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Definition
Eliminate dealer's high profit
Reduce drug related violence & criminal activities
Reduce law enforcement costs
Reduce corruption
Reduce backlog of court cases
Reduce size of prison populations
Allow for government taxation (use money for education and treatment)
Shirt attitude toward drugs from a criminal activity to a health problem
Reduce spread of diseases (i.e., AIDS & Hepatitis)
Allow regulation of purity and quality |
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Term
| Summary of Arguments Against |
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Definition
It will increase drug use due to:
A. Greater Availability
B. Decreased Cost
C. Perceived Social Approval
It will increase costs to society due to more medical & social problems as a result of increased use.
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Term
| If a compromise is the result, what will likely occur? |
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Definition
Selective legaliztion and/or decriminalization
More dangerous drugs will be prescribed or distributed by medical professionals
Discretionary enforcement of drug laws. Give judicial system more leeway (with decision based on criminal intent). |
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Term
| A sedative drug that, when used during pregnancy, can cause sever developmental damage to a fetus. |
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Definition
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Term
| A birth defect, imparied development of the arms, legs, or both |
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Definition
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Term
| The FDA policy allowing the change of suitable prescription drugs to over-the-counter status |
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Definition
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Term
| The first legitimate effeot by the US government to regulate addicting substances |
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Definition
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Term
| A drug reduction policy aimed at reducing the supply of illegal drugs and controlling other therapeutic drugs |
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Definition
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Term
| Attempts to decrease individuals' tendencies to use drugs, often aimed at youth, wich emphasis on reformulating values and behaviors |
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Definition
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Term
| A method of abuse prevention that protects drug users by teaching them responsibility |
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Definition
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Term
| A process that integrates substance abuse treatment, incentives, and sanctions and placec nonviolent, drug-involved defendants in judicially supervised rehabilitation programs |
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Definition
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Term
| The policy of cutting off or destroying supplies of illicit drugs |
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Definition
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