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Psychoactive Drugs and Behavior
Exam #3- Nicotine
43
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
08/02/2011

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Cards

Term
What are the Physiological Effects of Nicotine?
Definition

Stimulates central dopamine release

Stimulates cardiovascular system

Stimulates and then inhibits salivary and bronchial secretions

Increases respiration

Inhibits feelings of hunger

Is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S.

Term
What is the component of Tobacco smoke Nicotine Sulfate  known as and what can it be used for?
Definition
Salt of Nicotine, used as an insecticide.
Term
What does Ethyl 2 furoate, a component of Tobacco smoke cause?
Definition
It is part of a family of liver toxins
Term
Sclareol, a component of Tobacco Smoke causes what in laboratory rats?
Definition
Convulsions
Term
Ammonia, a component of Tobacco smoke is known to irritate the                       ,                    , and                                      .
Definition
Skin, eyes, and respiratory tract
Term
What is Freon?
Definition
A component of Tobacco smoke that is a chloroflurocarbon that contrubutes to damage to the earth's ozone layer.
Term
A component of Tobacco smoke, Maltitol, is also used as what?
Definition
A food sweetener, though prohibited in the U.S.
Term
Methoprene, a component of Tobacco smoke, is also used as what?
Definition
A pesticide
Term
What is the name of a buproprion that is prescribed for those trying to quit smoking?
Definition
Zyban; it is the same drug that goes by the name of Wellbutrin when prescribed as an antidepressant.
Term
What is the name of a varenicline used to help someone quit smoking?
Definition
Chantix
Term
How does Chantix differ from Bupropion of Nicotine replacement therapies?
Definition
Varenicline is a nicotinic receptor partial agonist. As a partial agonist, it both reduces cravigs for and decreases the pleasurable effects of cigarettes.
Term
Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States, accounting for approximately                       deaths per year.
Definition
440,000
Term
Tobacco is the                   major cause of death in the world.
Definition
Second
Term
What percent of current smokers, or approximately 650 million individuals, will eventually die from tobacco-related illnesses?
Definition
50%
Term
As much as 10% of all hemoglobin in smokers may be in the form of                                   , which is a type of hemoglobin that cannot carry oxygen.
Definition
Carboxyhemoglobin
Term
Exposure to secondhand smoke may cause an estimated                     individuals to die of lung cancer each year.
Definition
3,000
Term
Drug whose use leads to the use of other drugs; alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana are considered these.
Definition
Gateway drug
Term
A colorless, highly volatile liquid alkaloid
Definition
Nicotine
Term
The absorption of nicotine through the mucous lining of the mouth
Definition
Tobacco Chewing
Term
Placing a pinch of tobacco between the gums and the cheek
Definition
Snuff dipping
Term
The mixture of predominately sidestream smoke and exhaled mainstream smoke that is inhaled by the passive nonsmoker
Definition
Environmental tobacco smoke
Term
Unexpected and unexplainable death that occurs while infants are sleeping
Definition
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
Term
Tobacco leaves shredded and twisted into strands for chewing purposes
Definition
Chewing tobacco
Term
Finely ground smokeless tobacco that can be moise or dry
Definition
Snuff
Term
Smoke drawn directly through the mouthpiece of a cigarette
Definition
Mainstream Smoke
Term
Smoke released in the air from a lighted cigarette, cigar, or pipe tip and exhaled mainstream smoke
Definition
Secondhand smoke
Term
Nonsmoker's inhalation of tobacco smoke
Definition
Passive Smoking
Term
Mayo Clinic cautions against use of cigarettes by patients with cardiovascular disease. American Cancer Society announces parallelism between cigarette sales and lung cancer.
Definition
1945
Term
American Cancer Society, National Cancer Institue, American Heart Association, and National Heart Institutes issue report calling for government action regarding smoking and public health.
Definition
1957
Term
Tobacco Institute formed by major cigarette manufacturers to counteract possible political effects of health studies
Definition
1958
Term
Surgeon General's report on smoking and health
Definition
1964
Term
Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act requires packages to present statement: Caution: Cigarette smoking may be hazardous to your health."
Definition
1966
Term
FCC rules Fairness Doctrine applies to cigarette advertising: TV and radio must carry antismoking messages. FTC issue first report on tar and nicotine content.
Definition
1967
Term
Cigarette package statment changed to : "Warning: The Surgeon General has determine that cigarette smoking is dangerous to your health."
Definition
1970
Term
Radio and TV smoking commercials banned and Interstate Commerce Comission restricts smoking to the reat 5 rows of interstate buses.
Definition
1971
Term
AZ prohibits smoking in elevators, theaters, libraries, galleries, museums, and buses. Airlines required to desginate smoking/nonsmoking areas.
Definition
1973
Term
MN passes Indoor Clean Air Act (making smoking illegal in all public places and public meeting except where otherwise designated).
Definition
1975
Term
Superior Court of NJ rules workers must be allowed to have non-polluted work environment
Definition
1976
Term
Comprehensive Smoking Education Act requires cigarette packages and advertising to carry new roatational warning labels as of 10/12/85.
Definition
1984
Term
Smoking banned on U.S. commercial flights less than 2 hours.
Definition
1988
Term
EPA report concludes cigarette smoke should be classified as a human carcinogen
Definition
1993
Term
CDC predicts that by 2020, the entire nation coul be covered by smoking bans in workplaces, bars, and restaurants. The number of states with comprehensive indoor smoking bans went from zero in 2000 to 26 in 2010.
Definition
2010
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