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| The study of physical and chemical effects on mental and behavioral processes |
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| A combination of cells that receives information, integrates it with previous info to generate decisions, and to guide actions and output |
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| Cells that make up nervous system. They communicate with each other sending signals |
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| Carry signals from the cell body out to the synapse. Neurons usually only have one axon. |
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| dendrites branch of the neuron body and receive signals from axons |
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| The gap between the axon and dendrite |
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| When a neuron depolarizes and sodium rushes into the cell, sodium gates open all along the axon. This is all or nothing. No half firing. |
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| This surrounds the axons and helps speed the action potential |
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| The time a neuron has to wait before firing again. |
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| Chemicals that carry a signal across the synaptic gap |
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| Located on the dendrite. Receives signals from presynaptic gap |
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| Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential |
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Definition
| Causes the posynaptic membrane to become depolarized thus increasing the likelihood of the neuron firing |
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| Inhibitory postsynaptic potential |
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| Hyper polarizes the membrane decreasing the chance of the neuron firing. |
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| organized interconnected neurons in the brain and spinal chord. |
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| Vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch |
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| Influences muscles and other organs to respond in a certain way |
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| Peripheral Nervous System |
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| The is the nervous system that is not encased in bone. it is made up of the somatic and autonomic system |
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| The nervous system that is encased in bone. it includes the brain and spinal chord. Its main purpose is the process info given by sensory systems. |
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| transmits sensory info to the CNS |
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| Carries signals from CNS to organs. IE telling heart to beat or to breath more heavily. |
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| collection of cell bodies |
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| Collections of axons that travel together connecting nuclie |
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| Part of the CNS. Recieves messages from the somatic system |
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| quick involuntary responses to sensory information |
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| includes the medulla, reticular formation, and cerebellum. It is an extension of the spinal cord. |
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| Located in the hindbrain. Regulates blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing |
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| Controls arousal and attention |
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| Helps with vigilant attitude or attention |
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| Controls fine motor skills |
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| contains the striatum and substantia nigra |
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| Assists in smooth initiation of movement |
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| Works with substantia nigra to help with smooth movement |
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| is the most developed part of the brain. controls most mental and behavioral processes |
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| Processes and relays information to other parts of the brain |
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| it regulates hunger, thirst, and sex drive |
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| determines our biological rhythms acting like an internal alarm clock |
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| Part of the limbic system. Helps perceive sensory info. knowing that ice cream is sweet. |
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| involved in learning and creating memories |
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| Memory, emotion and thought processes. Linked to Alzheimer's |
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| The Cerebral cortex is divided into three areas, the sensory cortex, the motor cortex, and the association cortex. |
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| This is located in the parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes. Receives info from senses |
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| This is located in the frontal lobe and controls voluntary movement. |
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| This cortex allows us to complete complex cognition such as associating words with pictures and images. |
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| Connects the two hemispheres. if we didn't have it the ;eft and right brain wouldn't be able to communicate. |
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| A task the is more efficiently processed by one sized of the brain. |
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| The brains ability to establish new connections amongst neurons |
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| A set of neurotransmitters that control the same functions such as memory |
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| Used by neurons in peripheral and CNS. Helps with new memories and muscle contraction |
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| Involved with arousal, learning and mood |
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| regulates sleep and appetite and mood |
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| Involved with arousal, learning and mood |
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| Helps control body movement. Associated with parkinson's disease |
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| inhibitory transmitter that effects anxiety, huntington's, and epilepsy |
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| Excitatory transmitter that helps signals travel across the synaptic gap better |
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