Term
| Infancy has ended when a child is able to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A child presents with large head, large ears, hyperextensible joints, and macro-orchidism.
Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The meta analytic approach when heterogeneity exists is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which rating scale is best to monitor changes with treatment in depression? |
|
Definition
| Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale |
|
|
Term
| Who coined 'Anaclitic depression' ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 'Connors test' is used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who coined 'Stranger situation'? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1 in 20 caucasians are low on which cyp? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 22q11 deletion is a risk factor for? |
|
Definition
Shizophrenia
Autism
Intellectual Disability
Velofcardiofacial syndrome |
|
|
Term
35 year old lady presents with new onset petechiae, tetany and paresthesia. What is your provisional diagnosis?
She exhibits Chovosteks sign. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
35 yo lady presents with indifference to praise or criticism, states she is uninterested in friendship and appears cold in her affect.
What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Schizoid personality disorder |
|
|
Term
| 35 yo male presents with IV drug use, forgetfulness, poor concentration, apathy, withdrawn. your provisioinal diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
35 yo male presents with chronic hypertension, losing memory, with white matter hyperintensities in periventricular ares on MRI
Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3HZ, bilateral, symmetrical spikes indicates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 yo is put in spare room for 4 minutes time out after and angry outburst. What time of behavioral therapy is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
40 year old female is on risperidone and complaings of homonymous hemioanopia.
What specific investigation would you order |
|
Definition
| MRI of the sella turcica (pituitary) |
|
|
Term
40 yo man presents with lack of friends, unusual perceptual experiences and non psychotic ideas of reference.
What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Schizotypal personality disorder |
|
|
Term
44 yo man presents with triad of global confusion, ataxia and ocular movement impairments.
What is this classic of? |
|
Definition
| Wernicke's encephalopathy |
|
|
Term
45 year old man with personality changes, memory loss, poor judgement. His pupils fail to accomodate properly. He is HIV positive.
Whats your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
48 year old lady, one year of nominal dysphasia. becomes mildly disinhibited, she cannot name a pen or a watch or explain their function, but her short term memory is ok.
What s your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4yo boy presents with enuresis. What are the components of assessment |
|
Definition
Psych history
Family history
Physical illnesses
Neuro
Imaging
Stressors
Dynamics
School |
|
|
Term
50 year old male presents with confusion, staggering, hypertensive, nystagmus, bilatereal rectus palsy.
Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
| Wernicke's encephalopathy |
|
|
Term
| 55 yo male presents with dysarthria and hypokinesis. Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
5HT antagonist
D2 antagonist
Agonist on 5HT1A
Monoamine reuptake inhibitor
Is which drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This drug is a 5HT1A partial agonist.
At lot doses it is anxiolytic
At high doses it has an antidepressant effect.
What is the medication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 60 year old man presents with rapidly progressive cerebellar signs, epse and myoclonus. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
60 year old man speaks fluently, can repeat sentences but does not understand your speech.
Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
| Transcortical sensory aphasia |
|
|
Term
60 year old man who speaks fluently, but cannot understand what you are saying and struggles to repeat sentences.
What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
60 year old man who speaks fluently, understands your sentences, but cannot repeat sentences.
Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 60 year old man, his comprehension is intact, but he struggles to speak and cannot repeat sentences. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
70 year old lady develops dementia with delusional belief that a stuffed bear is her deceased husband. Additionally she believes her daughter is a spy.
Broadly, what part of the brain is involved? |
|
Definition
| Right anterior hemisphere |
|
|
Term
70 year old man presents with bilateral foot drop, blurred vision and CSF showing elevated protein and an increased cell count.
What's your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
76 year old lady referred with depression. Difficulty finding words, poor self care, Poverty of content and paraphasias. MMSE 26/30 - good recall but messy pentagons and unable to write sentence.
Whats the provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
9yo girl recently prescribed valproate presents with disorientation and cognitive deficits.
What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A 10 year old presents with new onset myoclonic jerks, ataxia, seizures and intellectual deterioration two years after a measles infection. What diagnosis are you concerned about? |
|
Definition
| Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis |
|
|
Term
| A 17 yo girl comes to ED comatose with hyperthermia, hypertension, tachycardia and diaphorsesis. What's she taken? |
|
Definition
| Methylenedioxymethamphetamine |
|
|
Term
A 40 year old male presents with inability to identify fingers, right left disorientation, acalculia and agraphia.
What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A 50 year old man presents with stiffness of his right hand and a low frequency tremor.
What is the likely diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A 50 year old man recently had an eye operation. He presents with change in personality and irritability. A brain scan reveals abnormality in the thalamic region. Whats your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A 6 month old baby with reduced eye width and thin upper lip.
Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A 60 year old man presents with naming difficulties, impaired understanding of word meanings, preservation of other cognitive functions and fluent speech.
What is your provisional diagnosis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A 7 yo boy presents with short stature, hyperextendible joints and relatively preserved skills in socialization.
What's your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
Fragile x
(large long head, short stature, macroorchidism, hyperextendible joints) |
|
|
Term
A 70 year old lady who has been on Doxepin for years presents with slow involuntary movements.
What's the likely diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A child who had a sore throat six months ago presents with rapid involuntary uncoordinated jerking movements.
What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A child with one bipolar parent has what fold increase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A fireworks sparkler makes lines of light as it is flung through the dark.
This is an example of what type of memory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An estimate of relative risk |
|
|
Term
| A lady on lithium develops difficulty swallowing. What two tests will you do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A line of no effect in a ratio is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A male presents with XXY, small penis and testes due to low androgen production. What's your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A man always walks around a ladder in fear of a bucket falling on his head.
This cautiousness to prevent 'bad luck' is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A man has strange episodes where things appear distant and far away.
Phenomenologically this is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A man with schizophrenia develops headache, nausea and vomiting. His urine sodium concentration is high.
Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A middle age man presents with acute onset of colicky abdo pain, weakness in legs, dysphoric mood and paranoid delusions.
What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Acute intermittent porphyria |
|
|
Term
| A mother can make a child smile at what age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A physical Ax in eating disorder should consider? |
|
Definition
Food/fluid - in/out
BP/Pulse/BMI
Lanugo, swollen glands, caries, bleeding, lymph nodes, haemorrhage, oedema
Electrolytes, cholesteral, LFT, FBE
ECG
bHCG |
|
|
Term
| A safety trial is which phase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A six year old boy presents with a large long head, short stature and macro-orchidism.
What's your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A study looks at rates of disease in different towns. What sort of study design is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A substantia nigra lesion may produce? |
|
Definition
| Parkinsonism with vertical gaze palsy, pyramidal signs, autonomic dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| A switch to Ziprasidone may decreased weight by what pharmacological action? |
|
Definition
| Serotonin receptor agonism |
|
|
Term
| A test that uses colors and words to assess 'selective attention' is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 10 item screening tool for alcohol |
|
|
Term
| Abraham Maslow is associated with? |
|
Definition
Maslows Hierachy.
Self actualization |
|
|
Term
| Abstract thinking is acheived in which developmental stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| GABA agonist and inhibitory activity at NMDA receptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Enhancing GABA
and
Blocking NMDA glutamate activity |
|
|
Term
| Achromatosia is a result of damage to which hemisphere generally? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Addisons is diagnosed using? |
|
Definition
| The synacthen test (blood test) |
|
|
Term
| Which test is deemed most appropriate in assessing 'adult ADHD;? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
After a head injury, a student still understand mathematical theory.
What type of memory is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Age adjusted death rates are used to? |
|
Definition
| Eliminate the effects of differences in age when comparing death rates |
|
|
Term
| Acalculia, left right disorientation and finger agnosia occur in what lesion? |
|
Definition
| dominant parietal lobe lesion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amisulpride acts on which receptros and at what doses? |
|
Definition
Presynaptic D4 receptors @ less than 300mg day
Post Synaptic D2 receptors @ more than 300mg day |
|
|
Term
| Amitriptyline is metabolized to what compound? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An acute almost psychotic disorder in malaysian females? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An autosomal dominant condition originating in the cerebellum that has no drastic effects? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An elderly patient presents with gradual intellectual decline, generalized slowing, motor problems, and chewing and swallowing difficulty.
What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An expert panel rates a scale. THis is an example of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Deletion or inactivation on maternal chromosome 15 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lack of awareness of a deficit |
|
|
Term
Antagonist of presynaptic alpha 2 receptor
Increases norepinephrine
Blocks H1 receptors
Blocks 5HT2a,2c,T3 receptors
What medication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anticholinergic drugs act by? |
|
Definition
| Antagonizing muscarinic receptors? |
|
|
Term
| Antipsychotic induced weight gain is via which receptors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Partial agonist @ D2 + 5HT1A
Antagonist @ 5HT2A |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inhibitor of release of presynaptic noradrenaline
5HT re-uptake inhibitor |
|
|
Term
| Atrophy in the caudate nucleus is seen in ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unable to identify parts of the body |
|
|
Term
| Autosomal dominant disorder. Symptom triad of abdominal pain, motor polyneuropathy and psychosis is what disorder? |
|
Definition
| Acute Intermittent Porphyria |
|
|
Term
BDI is?
How is it administered?
What is its specific characteristic? |
|
Definition
Beck depression index
It is self administered
Focuses purely on cognitive not physical symptoms |
|
|
Term
| BDNF has what association with bipolar? |
|
Definition
| Associated with rapid cycling |
|
|
Term
| Ballooned anterior horns of the lateral ventricles indicates? |
|
Definition
| Normal pressure hydrocephalus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Basic principles of sleep hygeine? |
|
Definition
Routine
Get up and try again
Avoid caffeine and nicotine
No naps
Sleep rituals
No clock watching |
|
|
Term
| Beck's cognitive triad in depression is? |
|
Definition
Negative view of self
Negative view of environment
Negative expectations of future |
|
|
Term
| Becks cognitive triad of anxiety is? |
|
Definition
Overestimate risk
View world as threatening
View future as unpredictable |
|
|
Term
| Behavioral therapy for phobias is? |
|
Definition
| systematice desensitization |
|
|
Term
| Being able to differentiate self from others and the attainment of object permanence occur in which developmental stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Benzodiazepines are associated with what teratagenic in 1st trimester pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Best evidence of augmentation in depression is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Big balls, large ears, autistic. What's your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bilateral lesions of the medial temporal lobes may cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Microinfarctions in deep white matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The relative plasma levels of two formulations of same active compound @ same dose and route |
|
|
Term
| Bone density loss in anorexia is caused by? |
|
Definition
| Hypoleptinism with resultant hypercortisolism |
|
|
Term
| Bracketing in a qualitative study is? |
|
Definition
| An attempt to limit the influence of preconceptions |
|
|
Term
| Broadly speaking. Right sided lesions cause? |
|
Definition
Visuospatial deficits - construction
Hemispatial attention deficits - neglect |
|
|
Term
| Broca's area is located in what area of the brain?? |
|
Definition
| Left inferior frontal cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Patient lies down. Physician lifts head off couch and patient involuntarily lifts leg due to meningism. |
|
|
Term
| Bupropion should be avoided in? |
|
Definition
| Seizure disorders and eating disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acetylcholine and histamine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor
DRI and NRI |
|
|
Term
| By what method does ketamine bind? |
|
Definition
| Non-competitive antagonist |
|
|
Term
| CAG trinucleotide repeat should give rise to which provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CHromosome 21 linkages are implicated in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Periodic bi or tri phasic sharp waves |
|
|
Term
COLLEGE MEMORANDUM
PSCYHOSTIMULANTS IN ADULT ADHD
GIVE ME THE JIST! |
|
Definition
The diagnosis needs to be based on impairment, symptoms preceding age 7, and collateral.
Prescribing should include detailed risks, endpoints and ongoing monitoring with scales.
Methylphenidate should be first line |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A process that facilitates the finding of choices in uncertain situations |
|
|
Term
| Continuous data of two samples that is skewed and unpaired should be analyzed using what statistical method? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do caffeine and nicotine affect CYP1A2 |
|
Definition
| Caffeine is a competitive inhibitor and nicotine is an inducer |
|
|
Term
| CYP1A2 is mainly inhibited by? |
|
Definition
| Fluvoxamine and grapefruit juice |
|
|
Term
| CYP1A2 is mainly involved in the metabolism of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CYP2D6 is inhibited by what three main drugs? |
|
Definition
Paroxetine
Fluoxetine
Duloxetine |
|
|
Term
| CYP2D6 metabolizes which six main medications? |
|
Definition
Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
Paroxetine
Atomoxetine
Tricycylics
Atypicals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fluoxetine and fluvoxamine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Induced: Carbamazepine and phenytoin |
|
|
Term
| Caffeine acts via which nucleoside? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Caffeine has what two effects on psychosis or its treatment? |
|
Definition
Increase in catecholamines may worsen psychosis
May increase clozapine via inhibition of CYP1A2 |
|
|
Term
| Caloric replacement needs to proceed slowly to avoid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cannot drink through a straw is what type of apraxia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carbamazapine reduces by 50% which drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Carbamazepine induces CYP3A4.
What effect does this have on itself and Lamotrigine? |
|
Definition
| Decreases levels of itself and Lamotrigine |
|
|
Term
| Carbamazepine induces which CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carbamazepine is metabolized by which CYP? |
|
Definition
CYP3A4
it inhibits its own metabolism by inhibiting 3A4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Blocking voltage dependent sodium channels
and
Reducing glutamate |
|
|
Term
| Categorical Empiratives were coined by who? and mean? |
|
Definition
Kant
There is one truth or ethical principle from which all duties arise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breaking complex behavior into steps |
|
|
Term
| Child with midline repetitive handmovements? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Child with self mutilation, hyperuricemia and aggresion is provisionally what eponymous diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Child with somnolence and increased appetite? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Childhood experiences that affect adult behavior is known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chromosome 22q deletions are associated with? |
|
Definition
| Velocardiofacial syndrome and schizoprhenia |
|
|
Term
| Clearance of medication describes what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Client Centred Psychotherapy was coined by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A strong GABA-B agonist, thus its muscle relaxant properties |
|
|
Term
| Clozapine causes hypersalivation via which receptor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used judiciously. Requires full informed consent |
|
|
Term
| Common sequence variations in genetic codes are known as? |
|
Definition
| Single nucleotide polymorphisms |
|
|
Term
| Comorbid ADHD and tourettes is treated with? |
|
Definition
Stimulatnts remain 1st line
May trial TCA or clonidine if stimulants not tolerated |
|
|
Term
| Competence consists of what 4 main components? |
|
Definition
Competence
Voluntariness
Disclosure of information
Understanding and acceptance of information |
|
|
Term
| Competitive antagonist at Kappa and Mu opioid receptor is which drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wernicke's is located in which brain region? |
|
Definition
| Posterior superior temporal lobe |
|
|
Term
| Concrete operational is ages? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Coninuous data with one sample that is skewed should be analyzed using? |
|
Definition
| Wilcoxin signed rank test |
|
|
Term
| Conjugation with formation of covalent bonds occurs during which stage of metabolism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Connors rating scale is used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Conservation is acheived in which developmental stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Constructional apraxia results from a lesion where? |
|
Definition
| Non-dominant occipital lobe |
|
|
Term
| Container-contained was coined by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Continuous data of three or more samples that is normally distributed should be analysed using? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Continuous data with two samples that is normally distributed and unpaired should be analysed using? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cri du chat is associated with which genetic abnormality? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DBT assumes what two general etiologies for Borderline personality? |
|
Definition
Emotional vulnerabilty through affect dysregulation
Invalidating environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Damage to the Angular Gyrus may cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deductive reasoning is associated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Delusional parasitosis is known eponymously as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deontology is associated with who? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acts are inherently good or evil independent of outcome |
|
|
Term
| Depersonalization is related to which area of the brain? |
|
Definition
| RIght dorsolateral prefrontal cortex |
|
|
Term
| Depigmintation of the substantia nigra indicates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe 6 general poor prognostic factors of Anorexiaa Nervosa |
|
Definition
Low body weight at presentation
Purging
Late onset
Comorbidiy
Family Dysfunction
Duration |
|
|
Term
| Describe the five general principles in managing Rapid Cycling Bipolar |
|
Definition
Stop Antidepressant
Exclude thyroid disorder
Address illicits
Valproate and lithium
Sleep wake cycle therapy |
|
|
Term
| Describe the neuropathological presentation of CJD |
|
Definition
Spongiform changes
Amyloid depostis
Neuronal loss and gliosis |
|
|
Term
| Describe the pathological presentation of Picks |
|
Definition
Frontotermporal distribution
Picks bodies - swollen cortical neurons containing inclusions of tau or ubiquitin protein |
|
|
Term
| Difference between mannerisms and stereotypies is? |
|
Definition
| Mannerisms are goal directed, stereotypies are not |
|
|
Term
| Difficulties with fine motor tasks is what kind of apraxia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Discoloration of skin
Muscle weakness
Hypotension
GI symptoms
Depression
indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disconnection syndrome occurs in what lesions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Discount rate in economic analysis refers to? |
|
Definition
| Inflation eats the value of the dollar |
|
|
Term
| Displacement activity is? |
|
Definition
| The result of two contradicting instincts in a particular situation |
|
|
Term
| Distorted sense of taste is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Doepezil and Galantamine exert their effect via? |
|
Definition
Selective inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase.
Galantamine also affects nicotinic receptors |
|
|
Term
| Does prevalence affect sensitivity and specificity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake (DRI and NRI) inhibitor is which medication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dopamine is formed from which amino acid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dorsolateral frontal lobe lesion may result in? |
|
Definition
| apathy, reduced motivation, and impaired self care |
|
|
Term
| Dressing apraxia is caused by damage to? |
|
Definition
| Non-dominant parietal lobe lesion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The mixture of components of a complex thought interwoven |
|
|
Term
| Drug distribution depends on what two body factors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which stage of studies does 'attribution bias' occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dysgraphia is related to which region of the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Early onset Alzheimers is associated with which three genes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Egocentric thinking and animistic thinking belong to which developmental stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The biopsychosocial model in the 1970's |
|
|
Term
Engrail 2
and
Serotonin transporter gene are implicated in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the DNA sequence |
|
|
Term
| Everytime a man hears a tap drip he hears an opera. What type of hallucination is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Everytime a man sees a yellow car he hears eleaphants running. What type of hallucination is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Excess androgens in fetus with xx genotype, big clitoris, fused labia, hirsutism |
|
Definition
Virilizing adrenal hyperplasia
(adrenogenital syndrome) |
|
|
Term
External genitals look female
Cryptorchid testes present
Tissues do not respond to androgens
Congenitally x-linked receessive disorder |
|
Definition
| Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| FIrst line treatment of tics is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FLuvoxamine is a potent inhibitor of which CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
FEEDBACK
RESPONSIBILITY
ADVICE
MENU
EMPATHY
SELF EFFICACY |
|
|
Term
| Failure to discriminate objects from one another is what type of agnosia? |
|
Definition
| Apperceptive visual agnosia |
|
|
Term
Female(xo)
Web neck, dwarfism, cubitus valgus, no sex hormones, infertile |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fetal placental circulation is established in how long? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fever and rigidity should alert one to what diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Finger agnosia results from lesions in ? |
|
Definition
| Dominant posterior parietal lobe |
|
|
Term
| Fluoxetine increases tricyclic levels by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fluoxetine increases which benzodiazepine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fluvoxamine and caffeine inhibit which CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fluvoxamine strongly inhibits which CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fluvoxamines inhibition of CYP1A2 increases which important psychotropics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Focal delta waves on EEG indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Focal meningitic signs in neurosyphilis may include? |
|
Definition
Facial and auditory nerves
Paresis of extraocular movements
Visual field defects |
|
|
Term
| Focal seizures show what on EEG? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Formal operational is ages? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Frederick Perls is associated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Freuds defences in phobias are? |
|
Definition
| Repression, displacement, and avoidance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fear of horses and castration anxiety |
|
|
Term
| Frontal grey matter volume peaks at what age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Geriatric Depression Scale |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General health questionnaire |
|
|
Term
| Gav has depression, but you suspect bipolarity. What factors help you suspect bipolarity? |
|
Definition
W - wired on antidepressants
H - hyperthymic or mood swings
I - irritable, hostile or mixed features
P - psychomotor retardation
L - loaded family history
A - abrupt onset or terminations of depression
S - seasonal variation or post partum
H - hyperphagia
E - early age of onset
D - delusions, hallucinations, psychosis |
|
|
Term
| Gegenhalten is also known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sudden outburst of energy like laughing or crying |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sense of maleness of femaleness |
|
|
Term
| Genetically Fragile x is ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Genetically Prader Willi is? |
|
Definition
| Small deletion on chromosome 15 |
|
|
Term
| Gerstmann's syndrome lesion is in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gestalt therapy was coined by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give me 8 endocrine fuck ups in eating disorder? |
|
Definition
Amenorrhea
Low LH/FSH
Low estrogen and progesterone
Low T3
High cortisol
High fasting GH
Hypercholesterolaemia
Impaired glucose tolerance |
|
|
Term
| Give me five biochemical abnormalities in eating disorder |
|
Definition
Hypokalemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypochloraemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis (in laxative abuse) |
|
|
Term
| Give nine risk factors for alzheimers |
|
Definition
Age
Family Hx
ApoE4 gene
Female
Vascular risks
Education
Head injury
Depression |
|
|
Term
| Given multiple testing causes bias, what do we do to correct and make a better P value |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glucagon is the antidote to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glucoronidation belongs to? |
|
Definition
| Phase two of drug metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weakness in proximal part of limbs |
|
|
Term
| Grapefruit juice does what to diazepam? |
|
Definition
| Increases bioavailability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The generation of theory from data |
|
|
Term
| Hans Eysenck's three biological traits are? |
|
Definition
Psychoticism
Introversion - Extroversion
Emotionality - Stability |
|
|
Term
| Hemballismus is caused by? |
|
Definition
| Contralateral subthalamic nucleus damage |
|
|
Term
| Hemiballismus involves which part of the brain? |
|
Definition
| Structures within the basal ganglia |
|
|
Term
| Henry has just had ECT and continues to seizure. What would you give him immediately? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Heschl's gyrus is associated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Heschl's gyrus is involved in what sensory process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do amphetamines work? |
|
Definition
Block reuptake of catecholamines
Cause retrograde release of catecholamines through the transporter |
|
|
Term
| How do anticholinergic drugs act? |
|
Definition
| Antagonizing muscarinic receptors |
|
|
Term
| How do psychostimulants work? |
|
Definition
| Reuptake blockade of catecholamines into presynaptic neurons. Thereby preventing degradation by monoamine oxidase |
|
|
Term
How do serotonin receptors work at the receptor site?
And what is the exception? |
|
Definition
They work via G-protein coupling.
Except 5HT3 which is ionic |
|
|
Term
| How do you calculate odds ratio? |
|
Definition
work downwards:
(a/c)/(b/d) |
|
|
Term
| How do you calculate relative risk? |
|
Definition
Work horizontally:
(axd)/(bxc) |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnoses Addisons? |
|
Definition
| Elevated plasma ACTH via the synacthen test |
|
|
Term
| How do you differentiate clinically Serotonin Syndrome from NMS? |
|
Definition
SS - tremor is more common, fever is present less often,
NMS - severe muscle rigidity, temperature and other symptoms |
|
|
Term
| How do you differentiate depression from grief? |
|
Definition
in depression: guilt is more than cognitions based around the deceased. There may be psychosis beyond the voice of the dead. The wish to die is beyond simply wanting to be with the deceased
Psychomotor retardation
Prolonged functional impairment |
|
|
Term
How do you differentiate pseudoparkinsons from parksinons?
Who's most at risk?
How do you manage? |
|
Definition
Pseudoparkinsons consists of bilateral tremor and rigidity
Females with preexisting neuro impairment are most at risk
Decrease APZ dose, or switch to atypical. Use benztropine. Consider clozapine |
|
|
Term
| How do you differntiate verbigeration from perseveration? |
|
Definition
Verbigeration is spontaneous (ei schizophrenia)
Perseveration is in response to a stimulus (ie cognitive assessment in dementia) |
|
|
Term
| How do you manage DT"s/detox |
|
Definition
Set and monitor parameters - BP, Pulse, Temp
Setting - safe, quiet, educate, psych - ed staff and patient
Use - benzos, haloperidol, b12/folate, replace electrolytes and vitamins |
|
|
Term
| How do you manage non-adherence? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does a PET scan work? |
|
Definition
Measures blood flow and glucose metabolism
Can measure neurotransmitter turnover |
|
|
Term
| How does carbamazepine work at the cellular level? |
|
Definition
| It blocks voltage dependent sodium channels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
NMDA receptor antagonist
and
Blocks excitatory glutamate activity |
|
|
Term
| How does methylphenidate work? |
|
Definition
| Blocks dopamine transporter and norepinephrine reuptake |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Decreases GABA catabolism and increases GABA-B receptor density |
|
|
Term
| How is the mesocortical pathway implicated in schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
| It is believed to be involved in the negative symptoms |
|
|
Term
| How long does an accuphase washout last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Huntingtons shows what on EEG? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hydrolysis, reduction and oxidation occuring during which phase of drug metabolism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypoleptinemia in anorexia may cause which two signs and symptoms? |
|
Definition
| Hyperactivity and Weight Loss |
|
|
Term
I show my friend to put the key in the door, then to turn, then to push
This is an example of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If both parents have schizophrenia, the inheritance is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Impaired finger nose test indicates damage to which specific area of the brain? |
|
Definition
| Inferior olivary nucleus in the medulla oblongata |
|
|
Term
| In Diabetes Insipidus what is the plasma concentration of sodium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In SIADH what is the urine and plasma Sodium concentration |
|
Definition
| Increased sodium concentration in urine, and decreased sodium concentration in plasma |
|
|
Term
| In a clinical trial presenting two survival curves. The absolute benefit of treatment is best described by? |
|
Definition
| Median increase in survival time |
|
|
Term
| In a cohort study, what method is used to decrease confounding bias? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a randomized trial of two medications. What test would you use if you want to know if age and gender have any effect on treatment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a randomized trial of two medications. What test would you use if you want to know if there are any age differences between the groups? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In hepatic impairment, what are the safest antipsychotics, antidepressants and mood stabilizers? |
|
Definition
Antipsychotics - haloperidol or amisulpride
ADZ - citalopram
MS - lithium |
|
|
Term
| In hypocalcemia tapping of the side of the cheek causes facial contractions. The eponymous term for this is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In ordinal data, with 2 groups that are paired, showing non-parametric distribution. We use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In renal impairment, What are the safest antispsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and anxiolytics? |
|
Definition
Olanzapine or haloperidol
Citalopram and sertraline
Avoid lithium
Use lorazepam |
|
|
Term
| In water intoxication what is the urine and plasma sodium concentration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inability to copy two dimensional drawings is an example of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inability to recognise faces is related to which part of the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Initial symptoms of serotonin syndrome? |
|
Definition
Tremor, mild confusion, incoordination.
Then
systemic signs (hyperreflexia, diaphoresis, shivering, agitation) |
|
|
Term
| Is the preconscious involved in primary or secondary process thinking ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| It is theorized that lamotrigine has an antidepressant effect because? |
|
Definition
| It acts as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor |
|
|
Term
| Jaamais vu and deja vu are associated with which brain region? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jim is 37, he is recovering from treatment resistant melancholic depression requiring ect. What medications would you manage him on? |
|
Definition
| Nortroptyline and lithium |
|
|
Term
| John remembers a number by reciting it to himself as he searches for a pen and paper. This type of memory is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Systematic Desensitization |
|
|
Term
| K1 inhibition constant is? |
|
Definition
| The potency of inhibition |
|
|
Term
| Kappa's, (measuring the agreement between raters), at a level of 0.75 or above suggest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kindling is related to which area of the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is lIthiums postulated mechanism of action at the cellular level? |
|
Definition
| Second messenger system, inosityl phosphate |
|
|
Term
| LSD and Psilocybin act as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LSD flashbacks may be described in phenomenological terms as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Langfeldt is associated with? |
|
Definition
| Schizophreniform psychosis |
|
|
Term
| Lesions in the lateral hypothalamus may cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lesions in the medial hypothalamus may cause? |
|
Definition
| overeating and weight gain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Intracytoplasmic inclusions containing alpha synuclein
concentric
eosinophilic
with peripheral halos and dense cores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sensitivity
divided by
(1-specificity) |
|
|
Term
| Limb kinetic apraxia is caused by damage where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List medications used in Tourettes |
|
Definition
Haloperidol
Clonidine
SSRI - for OCD
Atomoxetine when comorbid ADHD as doesn't appear to worsen |
|
|
Term
| Looking at the rates of disorders in different towns is what type of study? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Low serum osmolality and low urine osmolality indicates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lower abdominal paralysis is known eponymously as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
M1 & M2 agonist
+
5HT2C antagonist
this increases dopamine and norepinephrine in the frontal cortex. Which drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale |
|
|
Term
MAO - A metabolizes which neurotransmitters?
MAO - B metabolizes which neurotransmitters? |
|
Definition
A - serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine
B - dopamine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blocking catabolism of norepinephrine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Raised oligoclonal bans in the CSF |
|
|
Term
Macroorchidism
long face
cupped ears
high palate
hand flapping
shy
are features of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maggie is accompanied by her psychologist to the supermarket working through her fears. This is an example of what type of behavioral therapy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mahlers stages of object relations are? |
|
Definition
0-1mo normal autism
1-5mo - symbiosis - separation/individuation
5-10mo - differentiation
10-16mo - practising
16-24mo - rappraochment
24-36mo - consolidation (establishment of separation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Non competitive antagonist of NMDA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Miller and Rollnick coined |
|
Definition
| Motivational Interviewing |
|
|
Term
| Mortality bias is also known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ms Borsky has ssri induced hyponatremia. What's your managment? |
|
Definition
Endocrinologist
Urine and serum osmolality
Renal function tests
Withdraw of decrease SSRI
Consider noradrenergic drugs
Water restriction
Delirium mx |
|
|
Term
| Ms Doodly looks after her really old husband. What are risk of carer burnout? |
|
Definition
Patient - aggression, stigma, dependancy, impairment
Carer - frail, old, disability, financial, stress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Myoclonus
Visual or cerebellar symptoms
Pyramidal/extrapyramidal signs
Akinetic mutism
are features of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NNT is calculated according to absolute risk how? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Competetive blocker of opioid receptors |
|
|
Term
| Naltrexone is contraindicated in? |
|
Definition
| Those with hepatic impairment or taking opioids |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 violence risk Ax tools |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 4 possible serious side effects from Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
|
Definition
COPD
GI bleeding
Bradycardia
Incontinence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
CJD
KURU
Gerstmann Straussler Sheinker
Sporadic fatal insomnia |
|
|
Term
| Name eight reversible causes of dementia |
|
Definition
B12/Thiamin/Folate
Metabolic disturbance
Sleep apnoea
Depression
Wilsons
Vasculitis
Tumor
Hypothyroidism |
|
|
Term
| Name five ethical principles to consider in writing a court report |
|
Definition
1. Dual agency (therapist versus evaluator)
2. Informed consent
3. Confidentiality
4. Duty to warn
5. Respect autonomy |
|
|
Term
| Name the two inhibitory neurotransmitters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name three common structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
Enlargement of the lateral and third ventricle
Reduced total brain volume
Reduced volume of the cortical gray matter |
|
|
Term
| Name three drugs used to treat hypersalivation |
|
Definition
Hyocine
Atropine
Hydrobromide |
|
|
Term
| Name three methodological weaknesses that are NOT confounders |
|
Definition
Lack of blinding
Lack of control or comparison
Lack of randomization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name two evidence based psychosocial interventions in schizophrenia |
|
Definition
Assertive case management
Vocational therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nefazodone was what potentially lethal side effect? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Negative Predictive Value is calculated as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Nereglin
COMT
DISC
Discbindin
are the genes implicated in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neuritic plaques are almost universal in ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nightmares occur during which phase of sleep |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nigrostriatal pathway travels? |
|
Definition
| From the substantia nigra to the neostriatum |
|
|
Term
| Noradrenaline is synthesized from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Noradrenergic tracts are located mainly in? |
|
Definition
| Locus ceruleus of the pons |
|
|
Term
| Norepinephrine is produced from what precursos? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Normal pressure hydrocephalus may show what on imaging? |
|
Definition
| Ballooned anterior horns of the lateral ventricles |
|
|
Term
| Nortriptyline dose reduction with the addition of fluoxetine is due to |
|
Definition
| CYP2D6 inhibition by fluoxetine |
|
|
Term
| Novelty Seeking Was Coined by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ODD should be measured using? |
|
Definition
| Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) |
|
|
Term
| On asking a patient to brush his teeth he picks up a pen to brush his teeth. What type of apraxia is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Object permanence is acheived during which stage and what age? |
|
Definition
| At the end of sensorimotor. Age 8-18 months |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Olfaction is related to which part of the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On EEG your patient develops increased REM activity, decreased NREM delta waves, reduced intrahemipsheric coherence and an increase in alpha waves. What is the most likely diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On levels of evidence. Which is higher, cohort or case control? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Orbitofrontal lesions can cause |
|
Definition
Indifference
Personality changes
Pseudopsychopathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Existential Psychotherapy |
|
|
Term
| Overeating, hypogonadism and learning disability are the three main feaures of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Positive and negative symptom scale |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Positive and negative symptoms scale |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PIcks disease typically presents? |
|
Definition
Insidiously with behavioural changes.
Depression, anxiety and language difficulties are sometimes seen |
|
|
Term
| Plasma steady state is the equilibrium between? |
|
Definition
| Amount ingested and amount eliminted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Repetition or echoing of one's own spoken words |
|
|
Term
| Paradigm shift is associated with who? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Paradoxical pupillary reflex is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Paroxetine is a strong inhibitor of which CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Parsons is associated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Partial seizures may show what on imaging? |
|
Definition
| Mesial temporal sclerosis |
|
|
Term
| Patchy cell loss in the globus pallidus, hippocampus and cerebral cortex indicates? |
|
Definition
| Carbon monoxide poisoning |
|
|
Term
| Patient with hypertension develops intense pain on the left side of the body. What neurological area is involved? |
|
Definition
| Thalamus (as is houses the pain pathways) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The correlation co-efficient in a parametric test |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What the body does to the drug |
|
|
Term
| Phase I metabolic reactions tend to involve? |
|
Definition
| THe removal and insertion of a chemical structure so that phase 2 metabolism can occur |
|
|
Term
| Poor scores on the PASAT test are associated with which brain region? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Positive predictive value is calculated as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prader willi is inherited from? and on what chromosome? |
|
Definition
| Paternal deletion on chromosome 15 |
|
|
Term
| Pragmatic RCT's are based on what principle? |
|
Definition
| Broader inclusion criteria at the expense of internal validity |
|
|
Term
| Preoperational children see death as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Preoperational stage is ages? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pretest probablity in a likelihood ratio nomogram is equal to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Priapism is associated with which medication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Procheska & Diclemente are responsible for? |
|
Definition
| Transtheoretical model of change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prosopagnosia is related to which part of the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Provide five explanations for a statistical relationship between two variables |
|
Definition
Unknown confounder
Chance
Direct causality
Reverse causality
Bias |
|
|
Term
| Provide nine parts of the limbic system |
|
Definition
Anterior cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus
Septal Nuclei
Thalamic nucleus
Anterior thalamic nucleus
Amygdaloid nucleus
Mamillary bodies |
|
|
Term
REPRESSED MEMORIES.
GIVE ME THE JIST OF THE COLLEGE MEMORANDUM |
|
Definition
| It is impossible to know for certain what transpires between two individuals |
|
|
Term
| RIsperidone is mainly metabolized by which CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Randomization only avoids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Recovery paradigm consists of what six patient factors? |
|
Definition
Hope
Self responsibility
Self advocacy
Involvement
Personal power
Meaning and purpose |
|
|
Term
| Reduced alpha rhythm and increased beta and theta rhythm on EEG indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Regarding rare exposures and rare diseases, case control studies are? |
|
Definition
| Suitable for rare diseases, but limited with rare exposures |
|
|
Term
| Relesase of serotonin is dependent on which ions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Repeating the times tables is an example of what learning technique? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reversible binding to CYP docking site is known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Right sided parietal tests are? |
|
Definition
| Dressing and construction |
|
|
Term
| Risk of child with one parent with bipolar, having bipolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Risk of children with two parents of bipolar having bipolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rivastigmine exerts its effects by? |
|
Definition
| Inhibiting Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| SSRI induced anxiety is caused by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scanning showing high intensity signal in the thalamus gives suspicion to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scanning speech is associated with which brain region? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Schizotypal is characterized be? |
|
Definition
Ideas of reference
Odd beliefs
Unusual perceptual disturbances
Lack of friends
Suspiciousness
Constricted affect
Anxiety based on paranoid fears (not negative judgement as in anxiety disorder) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A selective MAO-B inhibitor used in parkinsons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Seroquel and zyprexa are increased by the inhibition of which CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Serotonergic tracts are located mostly in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Serotonin cell bodies lay in the ? |
|
Definition
| Dorsal raphe nucleus of the brainstem |
|
|
Term
| Several different gene deficits with only one disorder is known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sexual arousal acts via which regulator? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Biological sexual characteristics |
|
|
Term
| Shaun in three and he is put in a 'time out' room for a few minutes. This is an example of what type of Behavioral therapy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Single nucleotide polymorphisms are? |
|
Definition
| Common sequence variations in genetic codes |
|
|
Term
| Sleep terrors occur during which phase of sleep? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Slowing of the dominant rhythm with reduced background activity on EEG indicates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Social interventions for ADHD? |
|
Definition
Social skills group
Teachers aide
Behavioral interventions
Alternate schooling |
|
|
Term
| Spearman's coefficient is? |
|
Definition
| The correlation co-efficient in a non-parametric test |
|
|
Term
| Spongiform changes, amyloid deposition and neuronal loss and gliosis are indicative of what diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| St Johns wort induces which CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance |
|
|
Term
| Star charts are an example of what type of learning? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability to identify through touch |
|
|
Term
| Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis occurs in whom? |
|
Definition
| Children and adolescents typically before age 11 |
|
|
Term
| Superior temporal gyrus houses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systematic Desensitization was coined by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THE BAP guidelines for bipolar depression suggest? |
|
Definition
| Lamotrigine or Quetiapine |
|
|
Term
| THE Standard Mortality Ratio is calculated as? |
|
Definition
Observed number of deaths
divided be
expected number of deaths |
|
|
Term
| THe BAP guildelines for acute mania suggest? |
|
Definition
APZ, Lithium or valproate
Combination may be better |
|
|
Term
| THe Weschler measures what two things? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THe classic neurological features of Neurosyphilis are? |
|
Definition
| Tremor, dysarthria, hyperreflexia, hypotonia, ataxia and Argyll Robertson pupils |
|
|
Term
| THe most common degenerative Motor Neuron Disease is? |
|
Definition
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
|
|
Term
| THe nucleus basalis of meynert undergoes degeneration in? |
|
Definition
| Alzheimers, Parkinsons and Lewy Body |
|
|
Term
| THe pathology of Pick's bodies is? |
|
Definition
Swollen cortical neurons containing round inclusions of tau or ubiquitin protein (neurofilament inclusions)
Balloon cells |
|
|
Term
| THe primary excitatory neurotransmitter at the Neuromuscular junction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THe rate limiting step in the production of GABA is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| therapists duty to warn a potential victim |
|
|
Term
| Test to analyse two parametric samples that are not paired |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Test to analyze two non-parametric samples that are not paired |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Testing on humans with treatment is which phase of a trial? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tests a single sample that is non-parametric |
|
Definition
| Wilcoxin signed rank test |
|
|
Term
| Tests a single sample that is parametric |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The 'critical period' of infant 'imprinting' was coined by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The 'structural' model was formed? |
|
Definition
| 1923 The ego and the id - ego, id, superego |
|
|
Term
| The 'trail making test' is useful to assess? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The 2 genes implicated in Autism are? |
|
Definition
Engrail 2
Serotonin transporter gene |
|
|
Term
| The 4 main genes implicated in schizophrenia are? |
|
Definition
COMT
DISC
Discbindin
Nereglin |
|
|
Term
| The AUDIT assessment tool is? |
|
Definition
| A ten item screening tool for hazardous and hamful alcohol use |
|
|
Term
| The Cohen's D, or also known as Cohen's Kappa is? |
|
Definition
| A measure of agreement between observations laying between 0-1. |
|
|
Term
| The Gold standard investigation in Lewy Body Dementia is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Hamilton Depression rating scale is invalid if used in what population? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The OCP does what to lamotrigine levels? |
|
Definition
| Decreases lamotrigine levls |
|
|
Term
| The SSRI's are potent inhibitors of which CYP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Substantia nigra pars compacta is the area of synthesis for which neurotransmitter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The VTA is the beginning of which two dopaminergic pathways? |
|
Definition
Mesocortical - which end in the frontal lobes
Mesolimbic - that ends in the nucleus accumbens |
|
|
Term
| The antidepressant with the lowest milk plasma ratio is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The bulk of cholinergic neurons extend from which brain region? |
|
Definition
| Nucleus basalis of meynert |
|
|
Term
| The cause of addisons is? |
|
Definition
| Hypofunction of the adrenal system with low corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
| The college recommends which medication as 1st line treatment for mixed states? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The concordance is dizygotic and monzygotic twins in Alzheimers is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The correlation co-efficient in a parametric test is known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The demographic of sporadic CJD is? |
|
Definition
50-70
Cerebellar, epse, myoclonus and rapidly progressive
Periodic triphasic complexes |
|
|
Term
| The dorsomedial hypothalamus regulates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The early triad of NPH is? |
|
Definition
Progressive dementia
Gait disturbance
Sphincteric disturbance |
|
|
Term
| The effect of immediate release methylphenidate lasts for how long? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ego ideal is contained within? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The end justifies the means is an example of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The etiology of Wallenberg syndrome is? |
|
Definition
| Infarct in the cerebellum |
|
|
Term
| The exchange of genetic material between two chromosomes is know as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first dose hypotensive effect with risperidone is due to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The four main features of Gerstmann's is? |
|
Definition
Left right disorientation
Acalculia
Agraphia
Finger agnosia |
|
|
Term
| The fraction of drug reaching systemic circulation becoming available to exert an effect is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The gene assocation is autism is? |
|
Definition
| Serotonin transporter gene |
|
|
Term
| The genetics of Huntingtons is? |
|
Definition
| Autosomal dominant, trinucleotide repeat on chromosome 4 |
|
|
Term
| The hippocampus and amygdala comprise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The histamine excreting neurons in the brain regulating sleep mostly reside in? |
|
Definition
| The posterior hypothalamus |
|
|
Term
| The increase in Clozapine and Olanzapine are due to Fluvoxamines inhibition of which CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The later symptoms of NPH are? |
|
Definition
| Spasticity and extensor plantar reflexes |
|
|
Term
| The lateral fusiform gyrus plays what phenomenological role? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The left inferior frontal cortex houses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The medical reg is a fuckhead and you have to manage a guy you believe has NMS. What will you do? |
|
Definition
Withdraw antipsychotic
Medical emergency
Rehydration
Bromocriptine or dantrolene
Benzos for agitation
Set and monitor parameters |
|
|
Term
| The mesocortical pathway travels from? |
|
Definition
| The VTA to the Frontal lobe |
|
|
Term
| The mesocortical pathway travels? |
|
Definition
| Ventral tegmental area to the Cerebral cortes (particularly frontal lobe) |
|
|
Term
| The mesolimbic pathway travels? |
|
Definition
| Ventral Tegmental Area to the Nucleus Accumbens |
|
|
Term
| The mesolimbic pathway travels? |
|
Definition
| From the VTA to the Nucleus accumbens |
|
|
Term
| The meta-analytic approach when heterogeneity has been ruled out is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The neurological cause of dysphagia would usually implicate which region of the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nigrostriatal pathway is implicated in what side effects? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nigrostriatal pathway travels? |
|
Definition
| From the substantia nigra to the neostriatum |
|
|
Term
| The nucleus basalis is implicated in which common condition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nucleus basalis of meynert is rich in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The optic nerve has fibres regulating circadian rhythm by extending to which part of the brain? |
|
Definition
| By ending in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus |
|
|
Term
| The paired association learning tests is used to assess? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pathological basis of Huntingtons is? |
|
Definition
Striatal destruction and GABA depletion
Atrophy of the caudate and putamen
Frontal and temporal wasting |
|
|
Term
| The patient continues to blink with glabellar taps. The eponymous term for this is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The patient overshoots the distance to touch the pad. This is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The patient recognises the object but is unaware of its use. What type of agnosia is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pharmacological action of moclobemide is? |
|
Definition
| A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A? |
|
|
Term
| The pineal gland secretes which hormone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The posterior superior temporal lobe houses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The preclinical phase of a trial is which phase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The principles and theory of Social Skills Training are? |
|
Definition
Theory - based on stress vulnerability diathesis
Linguistic - clear speech
Paralinguistic - tone, speech latency
Non-verbal - proximity, eye contact
Technique - modelling, feedback, opportunities to generalize |
|
|
Term
| The rate limiting step in dopamine synthesis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rate limiting step in serotonoin production is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The repetition of syllables is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The reward pathway is known technically as the? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The three core features of addisons disease are? |
|
Definition
Postural Hypotension
Fatigue
Depression |
|
|
Term
| The three main adverse effects of lithium on the kidneys are? |
|
Definition
Decrease in GFR
Nephritis
Diabetes insipidus |
|
|
Term
| The topographical model was formed? |
|
Definition
| 1900 - conscious, unconcscious, preconscious |
|
|
Term
| The triad of symptoms in Wernicke's Encephalopathy are? |
|
Definition
Ocular abnormalities
Ataxia
Global confusional state |
|
|
Term
| The triad of symptoms in serotonin syndrome are? |
|
Definition
Tremors
Myoclonus
Confusion |
|
|
Term
| The tuberoinfundibular pathway is implicated in which side effect? |
|
Definition
| Galacctorrhea and menstrual disturbance |
|
|
Term
| The tuberoinfundibular pathway travels? |
|
Definition
| Hypothalamus to the pituitary |
|
|
Term
| The two mechanisms of action of Carbamazepine are? |
|
Definition
Blocking of voltage dependent sodium channels
Reduction of glutamate |
|
|
Term
| The two structures of the medial temporal lobe are? |
|
Definition
| The hippocampus and amygdala |
|
|
Term
| The understanding and analysis of linguistics is known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thermoregulation is governed by which part of the hypothalamus? |
|
Definition
| Anterior hypothalamic nucleus |
|
|
Term
| This medication is a GABA agonist and inhibitory activity at NMDA receptors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To measure interrater reliability, two tools are? |
|
Definition
Kappa (cohen's)
and
Kronbergs |
|
|
Term
| Trail making test, tests which cognitive ability? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Traits carried on chromosomes other than sex chromosomes are known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where the gene drifts and moves to another chromosal pair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blocking reuptake of norepinephrine |
|
|
Term
| Tuberoinfundibular pathway travels? |
|
Definition
| Mediobasal hypothalamus to the pituitary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reboxetine and Atomoxetine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Uncus is related to what function of the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Valproate has what effect on lamotrigine? |
|
Definition
Inhibits its metabolism.
Thus, one must use lower doses of lamotrigine in the presence of valproate |
|
|
Term
| Ventromedial hypothalamic lesions produce? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHEN RR is equal to or less than 1, there is? |
|
Definition
| Either no association or a negative correlation |
|
|
Term
| Watsons little Albert had? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Weber's Syndrome two clinical features are? |
|
Definition
Oculomotor nerve palsy
and
Contralateral hemiparesis |
|
|
Term
| Wender Utah rating scale is used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wernicke's area is located ? |
|
Definition
| POsterior superior temporal lobe |
|
|
Term
| What 3 things can a SPECT scan be used for? |
|
Definition
Epilepsy
AV formations
Differentiate dementia from depression |
|
|
Term
| What age does symbolic thought arise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are four factors in implementing change in an organization? |
|
Definition
Identify and collaborate
Identify resources
Allocate resources with best evidence
Implement then reevaluate |
|
|
Term
| What are four general risk factors for a mother harming her child? |
|
Definition
Poor rapport with child
Behavioral disturbance in the child
Evidence of physical or emotional neglect of child
Delusional ideas about the child |
|
|
Term
| What are four indications for topiramate? |
|
Definition
| Binge eating, adjunct bipolar, weight gain, seizures |
|
|
Term
| What are four misidentification delusions in Alzheimers? |
|
Definition
Capgras
Phantom boarder
Mirror sign
TV sign |
|
|
Term
| What are four things you may find physically in purging? |
|
Definition
Esophageal erosion
Ulcers
Pancreatitis
Dental erosion |
|
|
Term
| What are four useful bedside Frontal Lobe tests? |
|
Definition
Lurea 3 step
Go No-go
Proverb interpretation
Verbal Fluency |
|
|
Term
| What are piagets 4 stages in order? |
|
Definition
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete operational
Formal operational |
|
|
Term
| What are six evidence based treatments for ALzheimers? |
|
Definition
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Memantine
Vitamin E
Antipsychotics
Folate
Gingko Biloba |
|
|
Term
| What are six features of ECT itself that are good indicators? |
|
Definition
Seizure 25-30 seconds
Rapid recruitment
Quick suppression
High amplitude slow waves
Regularity of waves
Symmetry and synchronicity |
|
|
Term
| What are six features to look for in neonatal adaptation? |
|
Definition
Irritability
Crying
Sluggish reflexes
Fever
Poor appetite
Failure to thrive |
|
|
Term
| What are some of the presenting symptoms in Post Partum Psychosis? (six things) |
|
Definition
Rapid fluctuations of mood
Perplexity
Confusion and altered behavior
Delusions of guilt
Self worthlessness
Hopelessness |
|
|
Term
| What are some risks in dementia? |
|
Definition
Neglect
Falls
Physical
Falls
Aggression
Wandering
Vulnerability
Finances |
|
|
Term
| What are the 'BIG 5' of personality theory? |
|
Definition
Openness to experiences
Conscientousness
Extraversion
Neuroticism
Agreeableness |
|
|
Term
| What are the 10 main components of managing medication in pregnancy? |
|
Definition
Discuss pregnancy
Psych ed
Risks/benefits
Perinatal services
Try and avoid 1st trimester
Lowest dose
Rationalize
Foetal screening
FOlate/supplements
PLasma volume change 3rd trimester and post partum |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 A's to help your patient stop smoking? |
|
Definition
Ask yearly
Advise to stop
Assist to stop
Arrange follow up |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 core skills in DBT? |
|
Definition
Interpersonal effectiveness
Distress tolerance
Emotion regulation
Mindfulness |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 key features of schizoid personality disorder? |
|
Definition
Neither desires of enjoys relationships
Solitary activities of few number
Indifference to praise of criticism
Emotional coldness, detachment or flattened affect |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 general cognitive problems that can occur post concussion? |
|
Definition
Reduced concentration
Memory impairment
Attention deficits
Delayed information processing
Reduced reaction time |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 general principles of natural justice? |
|
Definition
Innocent until proven guilty
Everyone is accountable for their actions
Have the right to be tried by one's peers
Equal before the law
Must have capacity to defend oneself |
|
|
Term
| What are the 7 main risk factors for depression in the elderly? |
|
Definition
Loneliness
Illness
Bereavement
Sensory deficits
Dementia with retained insight
Medication
Female |
|
|
Term
| What are the EEG changes found in CJD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages of buprenorphine? |
|
Definition
Milder withdrawal symptoms than methadone
Greater blockage
No drug interactions
Reduces effects of additional use
Longer acting |
|
|
Term
| What are the broad benefits of methadone? |
|
Definition
Harm reduction
Oral dose
ABsorbed well
Daily dosing
Averts known withdrawal effects
Can be used in pregnancy
Decrease crime
Decrease disease or death
Increases health and well being |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of Addisons? |
|
Definition
Fatigue
Postural Hypotension
Depression
Skin pigmentation |
|
|
Term
| What are the components of CBT? |
|
Definition
Guided discovery
Capture automatic thoughts, schemas
Offer alternatives
Restructure core beliefs and schemas
Use challenges
Behaviors - graded tasks, schedule pleasant tasks,
Relaxation - breathing, visualization, mindfulness
Sleep hygeine
Adherence therapy
Relapse preventionGoal setting
Structure and agenda setting
Treatment planning
Homework
Capture and monitor negative thoughts
Cognitive distortions
Explore evidence
Provide alternatives |
|
|
Term
| What are the differences between early and late onset Schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
Late onset -
more sensory impairment
social isolation
eccentric premorbid
visual hallucinations
encapsulated delusions
partition delusions
female
less ftd
less affective bluntening
more TD |
|
|
Term
| What are the differences in ages of onset for schizophrenia gender wise? |
|
Definition
Men a little earlier than women
Women have two peaks |
|
|
Term
| What are the features of TD, how would you manage? |
|
Definition
Lip smacking, tongue protrusion, choreiform movements
Ax using AIMS or GATES
Stop anticholinergic, reduce APZ dose, Change to atypical, consider clozapine
Consider tetrabenazine
Use benzoes for symptom relief |
|
|
Term
| What are the features of gambling addiction? |
|
Definition
Urge to gamle
Difficulty controlling
Preoccupied with ideas and images of the act
Anxious and discomfort when not gambling
Relief when gambling
Adverse effects |
|
|
Term
| What are the first, second and third line pharmacological treatments for ADHD? |
|
Definition
1st line - stimulants
2nd line - atomoxetine (NRI)
3rd line - clonidine |
|
|
Term
| What are the five broad groups of HIV CNS complications? |
|
Definition
PML - progressive multifocal encephalopathy
AIDS dementia complex
Infections - cryptococcal, TB, toxoplasma
Peripheral neuropathy
Neoplastic processes |
|
|
Term
| What are the five criteria for Alzheimers? |
|
Definition
Memory Impairment
Aphasia
Apraxia
Agnosia
Disturbance in executive functioning |
|
|
Term
| What are the five main considerations when commencing methadone? |
|
Definition
Confirm dependence and opioid use
Informed consent
Last dose where/who/prescriber
LFT and ECG
Start low |
|
|
Term
| What are the five main differentials in school refusal? |
|
Definition
Separation anxiety
Phobia
Bullying
Broader psychiatric issue
Family dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| What are the five main management principles in managing akathisia? |
|
Definition
Ax suicide and physical risk
Decrease dose
Change to atypical
Use propranolol and benzos
Use benztropine if there are other parkinsons symptoms |
|
|
Term
| What are the five main possible effects of PND on a newborn? |
|
Definition
Impaired learning, language or cognition
Impaired bonding
Social and emotional problems
Neglect
Harm |
|
|
Term
| What are the five main risks for developing PTSD? |
|
Definition
Premorbid personality
Nature of trauma
Genes
Comorbid psych disorder
Childhood maltreatment |
|
|
Term
| What are the five main side effects of TCAs? |
|
Definition
Adrenergic blockade - postural hypotension
Anticholinergic - dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention |
|
|
Term
| What are the five main strategies for managing nurses? |
|
Definition
Validate concerns
Involve managers
Build working relationship
Listen to concerns, behaviors, observations
Support and communicate |
|
|
Term
| What are the five main treatments in parkinsons? |
|
Definition
Levodopa
Carbidopa
Entacapone
Dopamine agonists (ie bromocriptine)
Selegline (MAO-B inhibitor) |
|
|
Term
| What are the five main uses of motivational therapy? |
|
Definition
Drug and alcohol
Adherence therapy
Smoking
Physical illness
Bulimia |
|
|
Term
| What are the five principles of nutritional rehabilitation |
|
Definition
Structured meal plan
Consistent weights (time, place, attire)
Eat meals together
Bed rest after meals
Fitness not weight loss |
|
|
Term
| What are the five stages of change? |
|
Definition
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Determination
Action
Maintenance |
|
|
Term
| What are the four components of the cognitive challenge in CBT? |
|
Definition
Whats the evidence
Are there alternatives
Whats the worst that could happen
Whats the impact of thinking on the way you live |
|
|
Term
| What are the four domains of assessment in BPSD in dementia? |
|
Definition
General behavior
Antecedants
Actual behavior
Consequences |
|
|
Term
| What are the four general criteria for Anorexia Nervosa? |
|
Definition
Body weight less than 85% of normal
Distressed experience of body
Fear of fatness
Amenorrhea |
|
|
Term
| What are the four general theories in schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
Neurochemical (dopamine, serotonin, glutamate)
Neurodevelopmental (temporal lobe, ventricles, pruning, lesions)
Genetics (inheritance)
Protective (plasticity, vit d, estrogen) |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main EEG changes in depression? |
|
Definition
Increased amount of REM sleep
Decreased NREM delta waves
Reduced intrahemispheric coherence
Increase in alpha waves |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main components of CBT for anxiety? |
|
Definition
Relaxation
Capture automatic thoughts, cognitive distortions and identify schemas
Graded exposure
Systematic desensitization |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main conditions Congenital Rubella may be associated with? |
|
Definition
Deafness
Retinopathy
Heart disease
Autism |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main effects of smoking on Schizophrenai? |
|
Definition
Phsyical illness
Induces CYP1A2
INcreases risk of TD
Nicotine withdrawal can exacerbate schizophrenia |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main effects opioids may have on pregnancy and fetus? |
|
Definition
Intrauterine death
Premature labor
Antepartum and postpartum haemorrhage
Intrauterine hypoxia
Neonatal abstinence syndrome
SIDS |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main factors in the relationship between epilepsy and depression? |
|
Definition
25% rate of depression in epilepsy
increased suicide rate
anticonvulsants can cause depression
Antiepileptics can decrease folate - thus a risk for depression |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main haematological complications of eating disorder? |
|
Definition
Leucopenia
Lymphocytosis
Thrombocytopenia
Low ESR |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main indications for interpersonal therapy? |
|
Definition
Unresolved grief
Role disputes
Role transitions
Interpersonal deficits |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main physical presentations of neurosyphilis? |
|
Definition
Cranial nerve palsies
Focal deficits
Argyll Robertson pupils
Pain or loss of proprioception |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main principles of smoking cessation programs? |
|
Definition
Meet prior to quitting
Weekly sessions
NRT +- bupropion
Members support each other |
|
|
Term
| What are the four primary delusions? |
|
Definition
Autochthonous delusion
Delusional atmosphere or mood
Delusional perception
Delusional memory |
|
|
Term
| What are the four relationships between smoking and schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
May represent more severe illness
May reflect self medication
Is an etiological risk factor
Genetics and environment may predispose the coupling of SCZ with Smoking |
|
|
Term
| What are the functions of agonism of GABAa and GABAb? |
|
Definition
GABAa is for anxiety
GABAb is a relaxant |
|
|
Term
| What are the general criteria for dependence? |
|
Definition
Difficult to contro
Uses more than expects
Tolerance
Withdrawal
Expenditure
Effects life |
|
|
Term
| What are the general features of NMS? |
|
Definition
| Fever, sweats, rigidity, autonomic instability, fluctuating consciousness |
|
|
Term
| What are the general principles for managing treatment refusal? |
|
Definition
Liaise with team
Legal advice
Capacity Ax
Involve family
Invoke guardian if required
Consider cultural factors |
|
|
Term
| What are the general theories of reasons people abuse substances in mental illness? |
|
Definition
Affect regulation
Self medication of symptoms
Social motivation - connectedness |
|
|
Term
| What are the general treatment principles for enuresis |
|
Definition
Psych education
Resolve family conflicts
Toilet reinforcement
Alarm system
Desipramine |
|
|
Term
| What are the genetic sequences in fragile x? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the gross pathological differences between lewy body dementia and alzheimers? |
|
Definition
| Lewy body dementia has less neurofibrillary tangles |
|
|
Term
| What are the immediate and medium term psychological interventions in anorexia nervosa? |
|
Definition
acute - empathy, alliance, involve family, praise, positive reinforcement
After weight restoration - psyched, CBT, IPT, family therapy |
|
|
Term
| What are the investigation findings in NMS? |
|
Definition
Raised CK
Leucocytosis
Deranged LFT's |
|
|
Term
| What are the levels of evidence for Bipolar most recent episode depression |
|
Definition
1. Lamotrigine + antimanic
2. Lithium
3. Antimanic + SSRI
4. Valproate, carbamazepine, atypical
5. Typicals |
|
|
Term
| What are the main purposes of neuropsych testing |
|
Definition
Clarify diagnosis - type and severity
Identify strengths and weaknesses
Establish baseline cognition |
|
|
Term
| What are the mechanics of implementing DBT? |
|
Definition
1. Individual sessions
2. Skills training groups - emotional regulation, distress tolerance, interpersonal effectiveness, mindfulness
3. Out of hours contact contracts
4. Ongoing meetings within team |
|
|
Term
| What are the mixed anxiety and depression criteria? |
|
Definition
| Depression + 4 anxiety symptoms |
|
|
Term
| What are the nine main risk factors of Alzheimers disease? |
|
Definition
Age
Family history
Down's syndrome
ApoE4 gene
Female
Vascular risks
Education
Head injury
Depression |
|
|
Term
| What are the primary and secondary causes of negative symptoms in schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
Schizophrenia itself
Antipsychotics
Depression
Positive symptoms
Substances
Organic cause |
|
|
Term
| What are the principles of clinical governance? |
|
Definition
Quality improvement
Professional development
EBM
Systematic evaluation
Risk reduction
Developing useful information systems |
|
|
Term
| What are the principles of doing a bedside attachment assessment? |
|
Definition
Feelings about pregnancy
Feelings around scans and milestones
Feelings to other children/alive or deceased
Attentiveness
Responsiveness and mirroring
Comfort with handling baby
Appropriate interpretations of babies behavior
Ability to describe babies personality and convey sense of 'knowing' baby |
|
|
Term
| What are the principles of management in refeeding? |
|
Definition
Correct & monitor- hypophosphate, hypomag, hypocal, fluid retention, in/out
Observe - SOB, oedema, weakness, fatigue, seizures
Use - IV fuilds, vitamins, thiamine, zinc, KCL |
|
|
Term
| What are the principles of managing an interpreter? |
|
Definition
Awareness of patient factors - shame, anonymity, under/overplay
Interpreter factors - as above
Talk to patient
Positioning |
|
|
Term
| What are the principles of prescribing in breast feeding? |
|
Definition
Risk benefit analysis
Monitor infant - cries, growth, sleep, failure to thrive, feeding
Lowest possible dose, monopharmacy
Sedatives - lorazepam or zopiclone |
|
|
Term
| What are the risks for developing rapid cycling? |
|
Definition
Hypothyroidism
Antidepressant use
Bipolar 2 diagnosis
Females
Comorbid organic disorder |
|
|
Term
| What are the risks for hyponatremia? |
|
Definition
Elderly
hx of hyponatremia
low baseline sodium
low weight
female
diuretics
reduced renal function
Heat |
|
|
Term
| What are the seven main consequences of untreated psychosis? |
|
Definition
Slower and less complete recovery
Higher relapse rate
Increase in negative symptoms
Suicide
Substance abuse
Functional impairment |
|
|
Term
| What are the seven main risk factors for postnatal depression? |
|
Definition
Depression
Psych issues during pregnancy
Unstable relationships
Adverse life events
Obstetric complications
Poor
History of abuse |
|
|
Term
| What are the seven main suitabilities for dynamic psychotherapy? |
|
Definition
Motivation and capacity
Ability to trust
Reflective capacity
Ability to tolerate stress
Absence of comorbidities
Sufficiently mature defences
Longstanding problems, not merely recent |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of Mirtazapine, and what are they due to? |
|
Definition
| H1 antagonism @ low doses causes sedation, weight gain and increased appetite |
|
|
Term
| What are the six components to undertaking an audit? |
|
Definition
Identify issue
Identify best practise
compare current practise to gold standard
identify deficiencies
implement solutions
reaudit & reassess |
|
|
Term
| What are the six general principles in treating school refusal? |
|
Definition
Return to school
Liaise with school
Treat psych condition
Graded return
Family therapy
CBT |
|
|
Term
| What are the six main features of temporal lobe epilepsy? |
|
Definition
Personality change
Hypergraphia
Hypersexuality
Depersonalization
Hallucinations
Deja vu and jamais vu |
|
|
Term
| What are the six main mechanisms for weight gain in antipsychotic use? |
|
Definition
Increase body fat
Reduced energy expenditure
Poor diet and little exercise
Serotonin and H1 Antagonism
Insulin resistance
Increased alcohol intake |
|
|
Term
| What are the six negative symptoms in schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
Alogia
Anhedonia
Affective bluntening
Abulia
Social withdrawal
APathy |
|
|
Term
| What are the therapies for alcohol dependence with an evidence base? |
|
Definition
Psych - CBT, FRAMES, AA, social skills training, social network therapy
Bio - Disulfiram - abstinence
Naltrexone - reducing amount
Acamprosate - preventing relapse |
|
|
Term
| What are the three characteristics of REM sleep? |
|
Definition
High level of brain activity
High level of physiological activity
Vitals are high and variable |
|
|
Term
| What are the three components of desensitization therapy? |
|
Definition
1. Relaxation
2. Desensitization heirachy
3. Present phobic item in a gradual way |
|
|
Term
| What are the three fears in Avoidant Personality Disorder? |
|
Definition
Rejection
Criticism
Disapproval |
|
|
Term
| What are the three general features of Bulimia? |
|
Definition
Overeating
Compensatory behavior
Focus on body shape or weight |
|
|
Term
| What are the three groups of factors in adherence? |
|
Definition
Patient - alliance, culture, attitudes, insight, family beliefs, stigma, access, substances
Illness - hallucinations, delusions, cognition, depression, amotivation
Medication - side effects, ineffectiveness, regime, cost |
|
|
Term
| What are the three main characteristics of Balint's syndrome? |
|
Definition
Inability to perceive the visual field as a whole
Ocular apraxia
Optic ataxia |
|
|
Term
| What are the three main eye signs in hyperthyroidism? |
|
Definition
Eyelid lag
Eyelid retraction
Exopthalmos |
|
|
Term
What are the three main symptoms in normal pressure hydrocephalus?
And what are the late signs? |
|
Definition
Progressive dementia
Gait disorder
Sphincteric disturbance
Late - spasticity, extensor plantar reflexes |
|
|
Term
| What are the three positives and three negatives of naltrexone? |
|
Definition
Reduces amount drunk, no adverse reactions, no withdrawals from missed doses
Not great to acheive abstinence
High relapse rate
Withdrawal symptoms occus on opiates |
|
|
Term
| What are the three principles in conducting Qualitative research? |
|
Definition
Do NOT start with a hypothesis
Proceed with 'iterative' sampling
Allow thoughts and themes to develop during the process |
|
|
Term
| What are the three principles of panic control? |
|
Definition
Induce symptoms
Teach to control
Reattribute symptoms to innocuous causes thereby normalizing their interpretation |
|
|
Term
| What are the treatment principles in Lewy body dementia? |
|
Definition
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Respond to less levo-dopa than those with Parkinsons
CLonazepam for REM sleep disorder |
|
|
Term
| What are the triad of symptoms seen in PCP abuse? |
|
Definition
Nystagmus
Loss of balance
Hyperthermia |
|
|
Term
| What are the two main tests for wilsons? |
|
Definition
Serum ceruloplasm
Urinary copper excretion |
|
|
Term
| What are three evidence based strategies to prevent post partum disturbances? |
|
Definition
Mood stabilizers
Screening
Psych education |
|
|
Term
| What are three main pharmacological agents in use to cease smoking? |
|
Definition
NRT - gum, patch, nasal, lozenge
Bupropion - dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Varencicline - nicotine partial receptor agonist |
|
|
Term
| What are three pathophysiological theories for the development of TD? |
|
Definition
Dopamine supersensitivity
GABA insufficiency
Neurodegenerative |
|
|
Term
| What are three strategies in drug and alcohol relapse prevention? |
|
Definition
Motivational interviewing
Social network therapy
Community centred rehab |
|
|
Term
| What are two evidence based psychosocial interventions for schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
Assertive case management
Vocational therapy |
|
|
Term
| What are two extremely important prognostic factors in a child with autism? |
|
Definition
| Language and adaptive skills |
|
|
Term
| What are two rating scales for pediatric anxiety? |
|
Definition
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale
Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale |
|
|
Term
| What are your five main strategies in managing BPSD? |
|
Definition
Clarify diagnosis
Environmental enrichment - routine, activities, exercise
Precipitants - ilness, routine, poor communication, importance of explanantions
Reinforcement by staff - +ve reinforcement, consistency, professionalism
Medication - when else has failed |
|
|
Term
| What are your general management principles in factitious disorder? |
|
Definition
Single gatekeeper
Minimize harm
Manage staff feelings
Face saving
Overt tactfully
Do not succumb to anger in countertransference |
|
|
Term
| What area of the brain creates 'neural programs' to carry out complex behavior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What behavioral therapy may be useful in impulse control disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cognitive technique is useful in obsessions without compulsions? |
|
Definition
| Thought stopping - ie a rubber band snapping on wrist to interrupt thought |
|
|
Term
| What confirms a diagnosis of SLE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What demographic is protoypical for Variant CJD |
|
Definition
Males in their 20's
Sensory symptoms
Anxiety/Depression/Dementia |
|
|
Term
| What did Linehan find for DBT in BPD? |
|
Definition
| less suicide attempts, less hospitalizations, less ED visits |
|
|
Term
| What do alpha 2a receptors do? |
|
Definition
| Regulate release of norepinephrine at the locus ceruleus |
|
|
Term
| What do evoked potentials in testing for MS show? |
|
Definition
| Normal amplitude, but increased latency |
|
|
Term
| What do the NICE guidelines suggest as pharmacotherapy for treatment resistant depression? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do the studies show on acamprosate? |
|
Definition
Increased rate of abstinence of ETOH
Doubles time to relapse
Need to discontinue if return to heavy drinking |
|
|
Term
| What do you consider if your patient fails ECT? |
|
Definition
Diagnosis
PLacement of leads
Charge
Quality of seizures
Medications
Physical illness
Number of ECT's |
|
|
Term
| What do you expect to find behaviorally with an anterior hypothalamic lesion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you need to do if you add valproate to lamotrigine? |
|
Definition
| Decrease the lamotrigine dose by about 50% |
|
|
Term
| What do you use to diagnose cushings? |
|
Definition
| Non-suppression @ 48 hours in a dexamethasone test |
|
|
Term
| What does STARD suggest as pharmacotherapy for treatment resistant depression? |
|
Definition
| venlafaxine + mirtazapine |
|
|
Term
| What does the EEG look like in huntingtons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What effect do SSRI's have on sleep? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What effect do benzos have on neuron? |
|
Definition
| Ionotropic receptors or ion channels |
|
|
Term
| What effect does St Johns wort have on CYP? |
|
Definition
| Induces CYP3A4 - which can decrease warfarin and OCP |
|
|
Term
| What effect does alcohol have on receptro neuron? |
|
Definition
| Ionotropic receptors or ion channels |
|
|
Term
| What effect does alcohol have on sleep? |
|
Definition
Suppresses REM sleep initially, resulting in REM rebound as alcohol levels drop
Decreases slow wave sleep initially, then increases slow wave sleep as alcohol levels drop |
|
|
Term
| What effect does carbamazepine have on itself? |
|
Definition
| It induces its own metabolism |
|
|
Term
| What effect does lithium have on succinylcholine? |
|
Definition
Prolongs its neurotransmitter blockage.
Thus some suggest to decrease lithium in ECT |
|
|
Term
| What effect does protein binding have? |
|
Definition
| Increases distribution, decreases amount in plasma |
|
|
Term
| What effect does valproate have on warfarin and carbamazepine? |
|
Definition
| Displaces them because it is highly protein bound |
|
|
Term
| What follow up would you arrange for a new mum? |
|
Definition
Psych education
O&G, GP, Maternal child health, Neonatologist
Assertive follow up
Drug and alcohol counselling
Assertive pregnancy planning |
|
|
Term
| What form of receptor does THC act on? |
|
Definition
| G-protein coupled receptor |
|
|
Term
| What form of receptor does cocaine act on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What form of receptors do MDMA act on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What form of receptors do amphetamines act on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What form of receptors do opioids act on? |
|
Definition
| G-Protein coupled receptors |
|
|
Term
| What form of receptors does nicotine act on? |
|
Definition
| ionotropic receptors or ion channels |
|
|
Term
| What gene is implicated in depression? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What genes appear to play a role in bipolar disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to REM sleep in epilepsy? How can you test? |
|
Definition
They go straight to REM sleep.
Can do MSLT (sleep latency test) |
|
|
Term
| What happens to cortisol in depressed adults? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to serotonin receptors after several weeks of SSRI therapy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What increases seizure threshold? |
|
Definition
Benzos
ECT itself
Thick skull
Dehydration
Old age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Leg and knee both bent at 90 degrees
Attempts to straighten leg are met with pain due to meningism. |
|
|
Term
| What is an Ecological study defined by? |
|
Definition
| The unit of study or analysis is 'population' rather than 'individual' |
|
|
Term
| What is binswangers pathology? |
|
Definition
| Progressive small vessel disease |
|
|
Term
| What is cognitive remediation therapy? |
|
Definition
Improves social functioning
Assess, treat impairments, gradual increase in difficulty of tasks without failure |
|
|
Term
| What is first order kinetics? |
|
Definition
| The fraction of the drug cleared |
|
|
Term
| What is mirror transference? who coined it? |
|
Definition
Kohut
Developmentally arrested NARCISSISTIC patients who see the therapist as part of themselves. As such they expect praise or 'mirroring' |
|
|
Term
| What is naltrexone's pharmacological action? |
|
Definition
| Competitive antagonist at Kappa and mu opioid receptor |
|
|
Term
| What is protopathic bias? |
|
Definition
| Where the agent that treats the initial symptoms causes the outcome |
|
|
Term
| What is the active ingredient in St Johns wort? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the college's position on Antipsychotics in BPSD? |
|
Definition
Target symptoms
Choose medication from PBS (risperidone)
Monitor
Informed consent
Full assessment |
|
|
Term
| What is the endorcrinological basis of Addisons? |
|
Definition
| Hypofunction of adrenal system with low corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
| What is the immediate precursor for GABA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the inheritance of Frontotemporal Dementia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the main test used in case control studies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred analysis to measure heterogeneity in a meta-analysis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the main chemical process in phase two drug metabolism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the symptom triad for SLE?
What neuropsych symptoms can occur? |
|
Definition
Low grade fever, malaise, myalgia.
Anything |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for Wilsons? |
|
Definition
| Copper chelating agents (penicillamine) |
|
|
Term
| What is the underlying psychodynamic theory of factitious disorder? |
|
Definition
| Elicitation of care and anticipation of rejection |
|
|
Term
| What is, and where does the motor pathway start? |
|
Definition
| The corticospinal pathway starts in the precentral gyrus |
|
|
Term
| What percentage of FT dementia patients will have a family member afflicted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What percentage of ID have SCZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What precentage of total body serotonin is found in the CNS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What scale is useful for depression in old age? |
|
Definition
| GDS (geriatric depression scale - looks exclusively at cognitive not physical symptoms) |
|
|
Term
| What scan is used to explore D2/D3 receptor binding? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What seven features would you look for clinically in susupicion of Parkinsons? |
|
Definition
Asymmetrical resting tremor
Bradykinesia
Micrographia
Hypophonia
Decreased blink rate
Rigidity
Shuffling gait |
|
|
Term
| What should you be cautious of with fluoxetine combined with Tricyclics? |
|
Definition
| Fluoxetine may increase tricyclics by inhibiting CYP2D6 |
|
|
Term
| What single management therapy has the strongest evidence in Bulimia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What six psychosocial interventions may you provide your patient with bulimia? |
|
Definition
CBT
Psych education
IPT
Family therapy in the young
Group support
Self help |
|
|
Term
| What stage does 'cause and effect' come to be recognised in a child? |
|
Definition
| Concrete operational (7-11) |
|
|
Term
| What supports can you implement for someone living at home with dementia? |
|
Definition
Meals on wheels
Cleaning
Family
OT
Counselling
Carer support
Groups
Financial
Day hospital
Transport
Legal guardians |
|
|
Term
| What test do you use when comparing more than two groups that show parametric distribution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What test measures the association between two variables in non-parametric data? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What test measures the association between two variables in parametric data? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What test would you use to measure the difference in median of two independent groups? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What theory is systematic desensitization based on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What three characteristics of a drug make it hard to absorb? |
|
Definition
| Polar, non-lipid soluble and large drugs |
|
|
Term
| What three features make it easier for a drug to cross the BBB? |
|
Definition
Non-protein bound
small
lipid soluble |
|
|
Term
| What three groups of symptoms may orbitofrontal lesions present with? |
|
Definition
Personality change
Indifference
Pseudopsychopathy |
|
|
Term
| What two measures are best to limit information bias? |
|
Definition
Blinding
and
Giving studies to independent assessors |
|
|
Term
| What two medications have level two evidence in autism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of antidepressants are trazodone and nefazodone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of learning is operant conditioning? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of learning is operant conditioning? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of learning is sytematic desensitization? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What will intention to treat analysis do to results when there is a risk of non-adherence? |
|
Definition
| It will underestimate the true treatment effect |
|
|
Term
| What's a more thorough alternative to folstein's MMSE? |
|
Definition
| MOCA (Montreal cognitive assessment) |
|
|
Term
| What's first line treatment for enuresis? |
|
Definition
| Fluid restriction 3 hours before bedtime |
|
|
Term
| What's the best evidence pharmacotherapy in rapid cycling? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the college position on benzos? |
|
Definition
| Caution. Avoid risk populations. Short prescriptions. Lowest dose possible. |
|
|
Term
| What's the evidence for NRT + Bupropion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the time frame for acute stress disorder? |
|
Definition
More than two days and less than 4 weeks
Starts within 4 days of the stress |
|
|
Term
| Whats a good study design for a rare exposure? |
|
Definition
| Retrospective cohort study |
|
|
Term
| Whats the Gold Standard assessment in PTSD? |
|
Definition
| Structured Clinical Assessment of PTSD scale |
|
|
Term
| Whats the NNT for fluoxetine in MDD in youths? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whats the dosing for donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine? |
|
Definition
Once daily for donepezil.
BD for the rest
check for effect every six months |
|
|
Term
| Whats the most consistent MRI finding in adults with mood disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whats the pathology in Korsakoffs psychosis and what are the six main clinical features? |
|
Definition
Retrograde and particularly anterograde amnesia
Confabulation
Polyneuropathy
Lack of insight
Apathy
Necrosis and haemorrhage in the mamillary bodies |
|
|
Term
| Whats the relationship between THC and SCZ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whats the relationship between odds ratio and relative risk? |
|
Definition
| Odds ratio is an overestimate of relative risk |
|
|
Term
| Whats the response rate to ECT in adults with mania? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whats the risk of EBsteins with exposure to lithium in 1st trimester? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whats the story with tricyclics in breastfeeding? |
|
Definition
| Generally as safe as SSRI's, except for doxepin. |
|
|
Term
| Whats the strongest risk factor for Depression in young people? and according to which study? |
|
Definition
Brent studies
Family history of depression |
|
|
Term
| Whats the time frame for Acute stress Disorder |
|
Definition
Minimum of 4 days and maximum of 4 weeks.
Must occur within 4 weeks of the stimulus |
|
|
Term
| When 2 binary groups are paired. We use which test? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When analyzing survival. What is the role of Cox analysis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When comparing 2 independent groups that are non-parametric, the test is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When comparing two groups that are paired and show parametric distribution. Which test would you use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When one fails clozapine what should you do? |
|
Definition
Treat pseudoresistance
Augment - amisulpride
or lamotrigine
or valproate
or CBT |
|
|
Term
| When the brain is stable and optimized, this is known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When there are more than 2 groups with binary data. What test do we use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When there are two independent group of binary data, we use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When we see potent blcokade of: D1, 5HT2 and D4 receptors. What medication are we thinking of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do the Histamine secreting neurons mostly originate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does leptin come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which 3 antipsychotics bypass the liver? |
|
Definition
Sulpride
Amisulpride
Paliperidone |
|
|
Term
| Which CYP has ethnic variability affecting the metabolism of codeine and risperidone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which CYP metabolize donepezil and galantamine? |
|
Definition
| CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 metabolize Donepezil and Galantamine |
|
|
Term
| Which SSRI has the highest serotonergic effect? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which SSRI is a strong inhibitor of CP2D6? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antidepressant and in what class lacks sexual side effects? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antidepressant is a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antipsychotics are least likely to be affected by CYP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antipsyhotic may reduce prolactin levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which area of the brain is implicated in : anosmia, amnesia with confabulation, GO-NoGo deficits? |
|
Definition
| Orbitomedial frontal lobe |
|
|
Term
| Which area of the brain is implicated in apathy, reduced motivation and impaired self care? |
|
Definition
| Dorsolateral frontal lobe |
|
|
Term
| Which area of the brain is implicated in expressive aphasia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which area of the brain is implicated in hyperphagia and obesity? |
|
Definition
| Ventromedial hypothalamus |
|
|
Term
| Which area of the brain is implicated in laughing seizure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which area of the brain is likely involved in expressive aphasia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which area of the brain is likely involved in expressive aphasia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which area of the brain is usually associated with prosopagnosia? |
|
Definition
| Fusiform gyrus in the temporal lobe |
|
|
Term
| Which area of the brain synthesizes dopamine? |
|
Definition
| Substantia nigra pars compacta |
|
|
Term
| Which chromosome is affected in Huntingtons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which chromosomes are implicated in Frontotemporal dementia?
What's the inheritance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug can lower its own levels by inducing CYP3a4? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which drug is:
D2 and 5HT2A antagonist with high dissociation from D2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs side effect profile is largely driven by H1 antagonism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which gene is implicated in OCD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which hippocampal receptor is important for long-term potentiation in formation of memory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is the most predominant MAO receptor in the CNS? |
|
Definition
| MAO - B accounts for 80% of MAO receptors in the CNS |
|
|
Term
| Which lobe is damaged in delays in carrying out tasks of right-left orientation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which lobe is damaged in loss of gestalt, loss of symmetry, and distortion of figures? |
|
Definition
| Nondominant parietal lobe |
|
|
Term
| Which lobe is damaged when a patient cannot name common objects? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which lobe is damaged when a patient is not able to name a camouflaged object, but can name it when not camouflaged? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which medication may be used for enuresis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which medication potentiates the effects of warfarin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which mood disorder requires atleast one major depressive episode and one hypomanic episode? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which mood stabilizer does the college recommend in radid cycling bipolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which mood stabilizer increases lithium clearance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which mood stabilizer is recommended by Cochrane review for prophylaxis in bipolar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which nucleotide is involved in sexual arousal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which part of the brain is involved in OCD? |
|
Definition
| Frontal - subcortical areas |
|
|
Term
| Which receptor causes nausea and vomiting? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which receptor is responsible for hypersalivation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which receptor is responsible for the delayed effect of SSRI's? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which receptors do clonidine and guanfacine act on |
|
Definition
Clonidine - alpha 2a, 2b, 2c
Guanfacine - alpha 2a |
|
|
Term
| Which receptors located where are responsible for Parkinsonian side effects? |
|
Definition
| Dopamine receptors in the substantia nigra |
|
|
Term
| Which scan is most useful in CJD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which skin condition is not uncommonly exacerbated with lithium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which test is used to analyse non-parametric data with two independent variables/observations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which test would you use to compare 2 groups of paired binary data? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tool do we use to analyse cohort studies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tool do we use to analyse data in case control studies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two chromosomes are implicated in early onset alzheimers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two drugs are used in heroin detox? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two neurotransmitters are implicated in ADHD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two organs may inflame in eating disorder? |
|
Definition
| Hepatitis and pancreatitis |
|
|
Term
| Who coined 'Anaclitic Depression'? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who coined 'cognitive restructuring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who coined 'novelty seeking' |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who coined Gestalt therapy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who coined client centred psychotherapy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who coined motivational interviewing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who coined the sick role? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who coined the transtheoretical stages of change? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who coined unconditional positive regard? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Who coined?
true self
a holding environment
a good enough mother
transitional object |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who developed Cognitive Analytic Therapy, and what are its three main components? |
|
Definition
Anthony Ryle
1. Traps
2. Dilemas
3. Snags |
|
|
Term
| Winnicott termd what four common analytic terms? |
|
Definition
true self
a holding environment
a good enough mother
transitional object |
|
|
Term
| Wisconsin card sorting tests what ability? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With tables showing dichotomous, non-parametric nominal data, what test do you use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With very low risk, odds can assumed to be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Word blindness is associated with which area of the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Y-BOCS is used as a tool for? |
|
Definition
| Obsessive compulsive disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You are a GP assessing for autism. What five main things may you observe in your practise? |
|
Definition
Avoidance of eye contact
Preoccupation with objects
Impaired language
Rigid, stereotyped play
Resistant to be examined |
|
|
Term
| You are ceasing venlafaxine abruptly. What may you expect as symptoms? |
|
Definition
Flu like symptoms
Electric shocks
Headacke
Diarrhoea |
|
|
Term
| You are looking for an antidepressant that will increase the levels of your patients olanzapine. What will you choose and what is the mechanism? |
|
Definition
| Fluvoxamine via inhibition of CYP1A2 |
|
|
Term
You are looking for an antidepressant to increase clozapine levels in your patient.
What will you choose and what is the mechanism? |
|
Definition
| FLuvoxamine inhibitis CYP1A2 |
|
|
Term
| You are trying to determine whether your patient has epilepsy. What EEG test would you perform looking for what finding? |
|
Definition
| Sleep Latency Test, with marked decreased REM latency |
|
|
Term
| You assess a one year old with small eyes, small stature and a weird face. What's your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You assess a young boy who eats vigorously, is fat, has a learning diability and is compulsive. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You dissect a brain of a dementia patient and notice cystic formation, lacunar changes, reactive gliosis. What was the cause of the dementia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You do a lumbar puncture on a patient you suspect of CJD. What do you expect to find? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You do an MRI on a guy you think has CJD. What do you expect to find? |
|
Definition
| Hyperintensity in pulvinar and thalamus |
|
|
Term
| You doing a washout. How long should it last? |
|
Definition
| Multiply the half life by five |
|
|
Term
| You perform an ECG and notive tented t-waves. What metabolic disturbance could explain this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You perform an EEG and notice Temporal, intermittent delta slowing. What might this represent? |
|
Definition
| Herpes Simplex Encephalitis |
|
|
Term
| You perform an EEG and notive focal Delta waves. What might this be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You perform an EEG on someone you think has a space occupying lesion. What are you looking for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You prescribe carbamazepine and lamotrigine in the same person. What do you need to be aware of? |
|
Definition
| Carbamazepine decreased lamotrigine levels by 50% |
|
|
Term
| You see a short, slow, young boy with slow reflexes and thick skin and cognitive impairment. Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You see tented t-waves on ECG. What metabolic disturbance may cause this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You show your patient how to put a ball in a cup. He cannot do it. What type of apraxia is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You suspect epilepsy in your patient. What would you see on EEG? |
|
Definition
| 3HZ bilateral symmetrical spikes and waves |
|
|
Term
| You suspect your patient has herpes simplex encephalitis. What would the EEG show? |
|
Definition
| Temporal, intermittent rhythmic delta slowing |
|
|
Term
| You think your patient has 1st episode psychosis. Whats your general management plan? |
|
Definition
Specialist referral
Proactive retention of patient
24-48 watch and wait
organic screen
low dose APZ
family psych ed
CBT
Address morbidity
facilitate vocation |
|
|
Term
| You want to increase your patients duloxetine levels. What medication can you add and what is the mechanism? |
|
Definition
| Fluvoxamine will inhibit CYP1A2 which ordinarily metabolized duloxetine |
|
|
Term
| Your 35 yo patient presents with odd beliefs, constricted affect, anxiety based on strange fears, and a lack of friends. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Schizotypal personality disorder |
|
|
Term
| Your 55 year old man presents with parkinsons disease plus severe postural hypotension. Whats your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your 60 year old patient presents with ataxia, loss of sphincter control and progressive confusion. What do you expect to find on ct? |
|
Definition
Enlarged anterior horn of the lateral ventricles.
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus |
|
|
Term
| Your african patient presents with new skin lesions, diarrhoea, dermatitis and cognitive impairment. What is your provisional diangosis? |
|
Definition
| Pellagra (Niacin deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| Your data consists of two group with parametric distribution. What test will you use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your elderly patient presents with some deficits in anterograde and retrograde memory but her social skills are prseerved. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your elderly patient with vision impairment presents with complex visual hallucinations and an absence of any other psychopathology. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient can button his shirt spontaneously, but when you ask him to do so he looks at you blankly. What is this called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient cannot perceive whole visual fields, he has ocular apraxia and optic ataxia. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient cannot recognise faces. What area of his brain do you presume damaged? |
|
Definition
| Lateral fusiform gyrus (in the temporal lobe) |
|
|
Term
| Your patient develops blindness but is adament they can see. What brain region is affected, and what is this syndrome called? |
|
Definition
Occipital lobe
Anton's syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Your patient has Herpes Simplex Encephalitis, what might you see on EEG? |
|
Definition
| Temporal, intermittent, rhythmic delta slowing |
|
|
Term
| Your patient has Increased 24 hr urine catecholamines on testing. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient has OCD. What psychotherapy are you going to perform? |
|
Definition
| CBT with heirachical exposure and response |
|
|
Term
Your patient has a congenital x-linked recessive disorder.
It is characterized by external genitals looking female but with the presence of cryptorchid testes.
What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Androgen Insensitivity syndrome? |
|
|
Term
| Your patient has an injury to his angular gyrus. This may cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient has had a benztropine overdose, what antidote will you use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient has had a benztropine overdose, what do you give him? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient has had a beta blocker overdose, what do you give him? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient has had a tricyclic overdose. What will you give them as antidote? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient has had an extreme overdose of benzodiazepines. What will you give them as antidote? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient has just commenced olanzapine after trialling quetiapine. On both meds he complains of dizziness. You confirm hypotension. What receptors are involved? |
|
Definition
| alpha adrenergic receptors |
|
|
Term
| Your patient has overdosed on beta blockers. What antidote will you use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient has rapid cycling bipolar. What are five general principles of management? |
|
Definition
Stop antidepressant
Exclude thyroid disorder
Address illicits and alcohol
Combine valproate and lithium
Employ sleep wake cycle therapy |
|
|
Term
| Your patient has recently migrated from overseas. What information would you gather for a cultural assessment? |
|
Definition
Identity - race, sexuality, religion, migration, country of origin, status, acculturation, language, diet, education
Cultural concept of illness
Home environment
Role of family
Role of healthcare |
|
|
Term
| Your patient has schizophrenia. He wants to know the risk of his child having schizophrenia. What's your answer? |
|
Definition
10% with one affected parent
10% siblings
50% monozygotic twins |
|
|
Term
| Your patient is able to put his hand on a bottle. He can lift a bottle. He can sip from a straw. However, he cannot pick a bottle up from the table and take a drink. What is this called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient is complaining of erectile dysfunction after commencing an SSRI. Which receptor is involved? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient is diagnosed with Alzheimers. What are the typical histopathological findings? |
|
Definition
Senile plaques - extracellular containing beta amyloid
Neurofibrillary tangles - these are intracellular
Loss of cortical and subcortical neurons particularly in hippocampus, cortex and nucleus basalis |
|
|
Term
| Your patient is fearful of his penis shrinking into his abdomen. What is this called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient is on diazepam and starts taking cimetidine for gastric ulcer. What do you need to be aware of? |
|
Definition
| May become drowsy due to cimetidine elevating diazepam levels |
|
|
Term
| Your patient is on lamotrigine, you are going to add valproate. What do you need to be aware of? |
|
Definition
| Valproate will increase levels of lamotrigine |
|
|
Term
| Your patient is on risperidone and you don't want to decrease the levels by activation of CYP2D6. Which antidepressant should you avoid? |
|
Definition
| Paroxetine as it is an inducer of CYP2D6 |
|
|
Term
| Your patient is prescribed lamortigine and you are going to add carbamazepine. What do you need to look out for? |
|
Definition
| Carbamazepine may decrease lamotrigine levels by 50%! |
|
|
Term
| Your patient is suffering severe NMS and the ICU registrar asks what medication to give them. What are your two suggestions? |
|
Definition
| Dantrolene or bromocriptine |
|
|
Term
| Your patient is xx. female at birth, enlarged genitalia giving appearance of scrotal sac and testes. What is your provisioanl diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient moves their arm without resistance and returns immediately to position when you have stopped. This is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents amenorrhoeic, obese, balding, with greasy skin and depressed. What's your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents as a clumsy girl with a long face, flat feet and shy. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents devoid of awareness of the fact that his left foot is paralytic. What is this called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with a small head, piercing cry and mental retardation, what is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with apathy, reduced motivation, impaired self care and self neglect. Which area of the brain is probably implicated? |
|
Definition
| Dorsolateral frontal lobe |
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with bulimia and depressive symptoms. What two treatments are the most appropriate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with electric shocks, flu like symptoms, headache and diarrhoe. What's your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with fatigue, hypotension and depression. What is an endocrinological possibility? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with focal neurological signs, a worsening of symptoms with temperature and paresthesia in her limbs on flexing her neck. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with intact comprehension, intact repetition but impaired fluency. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Transcortical Motor Aphasia |
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with oculomotor nerve palsy and contralateral hemiparesis. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with parkinsonism, dementia, ataxia, jaundice, ascites and yellow deposits around the cornea. What is your provisinoal diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with seizures, cortical blindness and myoclonic jerks. What diagnosis are you concerned about? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with swinging movements. What brain area is involved? |
|
Definition
| Subthalamic nucleus (huntingtons) |
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with the inability to recognize faces. Which area of the brain is usually implicated? |
|
Definition
| Fusiform gyrus in the temporal lobe |
|
|
Term
| Your patient presents with uncontrollable laughing and crying. This may represent which motor neuron disease |
|
Definition
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
|
|
Term
| Your patient struggles to identify different parts of his body. This is known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patient was female at birth, but later developed cryptorchid tests with testosterone. The secondary sex characteristics at puberty are female. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| Testicular feminization / Androgen insensitivity |
|
|
Term
| Your patient with HIV presents with depressive symptoms. What are five differentials? |
|
Definition
Independent mood disorder
Adjustment d/o
Dementia
Anti-retroviral side effects
HIV induced |
|
|
Term
| Your patient with epilepsy develops psychosis. Which is the likely area of the brain responsible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patients MRI scan shows hyperintensities in the pulvinar and thalamus. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patients account of their insomnia appears not to be objective. What is this called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patients brain shows cystic formation, reactive gliosis and lacunar changes. What type of dementia do you believe him to have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patients brain shows patchy cell loss in the globus pallidus, hippocampus and cerebral cortex. What do you think this person did to themselves? |
|
Definition
| Attempted carbon monoxide poisoning? |
|
|
Term
| Your patients is suffering nausea and vomiting after commencing an SSRI. Which receptors are involved? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patients presents with autonomic dysfunction and parkinsonian symptoms. These are the two features of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your patients with PICKS has a SPECT scan. What might you find? |
|
Definition
| Hypoperfusion in the frontal lobe |
|
|
Term
| Your schizophrenic patient is suicidal. What do you need to consider? |
|
Definition
Ax suicidality
Ax psychosis
Look for side effects
Optimize tx
Facilitate supevision/support
Decide on setting
Ax depressive symptoms |
|
|
Term
| Your study consists of two groups, whose data is independent and follows parametric distribution. What test will you use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Your study data is:
Non-parametric
With two independent variables
What test would you use to analyze? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your two year old patient presents with learning disability and high uric acid in his blood and urine. Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your two year old patient presents with moderate mental retardation and incoordination. He also begins to self mutilate. Your provisional diagnosis is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your young boy recognises that the car killed the cat. What stage of operations is he in and how old is he? |
|
Definition
| Concrete Operations Cause and effect 7-11 |
|
|
Term
| Your young patient presents with compulsive eating, obesity, is oppositional and has small balls. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where clearance is saturated, such that a constant amount is cleared |
|
|
Term
| Ziprasidone has what 4 actions? |
|
Definition
5HT antagonist
D2 antagonist
Agonist on 5HT1A
Monoamine reuptake inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GABA a anxiety
GABA b relaxant |
|
|
Term
| autonomy versus shame and doubt corresponds to which freudian stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
elfin face
small
hoarse voice
wrinkly
are features of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
female xx with masculine looking genitals
or
male xy with rudimentary tests and external genitalia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| four features of angelmans are? |
|
Definition
microcephaly
learning disorder
prominent jaw, wide mouth
ataxia |
|
|
Term
| freuds developmental stages are? |
|
Definition
0-18 oral
18-3 - anal
3-6 - phallic
6-12 latency
13-20 - genital |
|
|
Term
| ideatonal or conceptual apraxia is caused by damage where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| identity versus role confuction corresponds to which freudian stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ideomotor apraxia is caused by damage where? |
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Definition
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Term
| industry versus inferiority corresponds to which freudian stage? |
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Definition
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Term
| mRNA being converted into the assemblage of proteins is? |
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Definition
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Term
| test to analyse continuous data, with two samples that is skewed and paired? |
|
Definition
| Wilcoxin matched-pairs test |
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Term
testes and ovaries in same person
46xx or 46xy? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| auditory processing speed |
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Term
| weight gain, moon face, purple striae, hypertension, diabetes, fractures, poor wound healing are indicative of? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are five cardiovascular complications of anorexia |
|
Definition
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Mitral valve dysfunction
arrythmias
failure |
|
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Term
| what effect does depression have on rem sleep? |
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Definition
| shortens the latency to, and increases the amount of rem sleep |
|
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Term
| what effect to antidepressants have on REM sleep? |
|
Definition
| reduce amount of rem sleep |
|
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Term
| whats the incidence of birth defects in women taking valproate? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| which antidepressant has best evidence in severe pms? |
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Definition
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Term
| which chromosome is involved in williams? |
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Definition
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Term
| xx female presents at birth with enlarged external genitalia giving the appearance of a scrotal sac and testes. what is your provisional diagnosis? |
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Definition
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|
Term
xxy
male habitus
small penis and testes due to low androgen production |
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Definition
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Term
| your 65 year old patient presents with a two year old head injury, and onset of hyperorality and hypersexuality. What is your provisional diagnosis? |
|
Definition
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Term
| CYP3A4 is inhibited by which antibiotic? |
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Definition
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