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Psychiatric terms
goes with nervous system module
51
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
07/03/2015

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Term
affect
Definition
emotional feeling or mood
Term
flat affect
Definition
significantly dulled emotional tone or outward reaction
Term
apathy
Definition
a lack of interest or display of emotion
Term
catatonia
Definition
a state of unresponsiveness to one’s outside environment, usually including muscle rigidity, staring, and inability to communicate
Term
delusion
Definition
persistent belief that has no basis in reality
Term
grandiose delusion
Definition
a person’s false belief that he or she possesses great wealth, intelligence, or power
Term
persecutory delusion
Definition
a person’s false belief that someone is plotting against him or her with intent to harm
Term
dysphoria
Definition
a restless, dissatisfied mood
Term
euphoria
Definition
an exaggerated, unfounded feeling of well-being
Term
hallucination
Definition
a false perception of the senses for which there is no reality, most commonly hearing or seeing things (alucinor = to wander in mind)
Term
ideation
Definition
the formation of thoughts or ideas; for example, suicidal ideation (thoughts of suicide)
Term
mania
Definition
state of abnormal elation and increased activity
Term
neurosis
Definition
a psychologic condition in which anxiety is prominent
Term
psychosis
Definition
a mental condition characterized by distortion of reality resulting in the inability to communicate or function within one’s environment
Term
thought disorder
Definition
thought that lacks clear processing or logical direction
Term
major depression = major depressive illness = clinical depression = major affective disorder = unipolar disorder
Definition
a disorder causing periodic disturbances in mood that affect concentration, sleep, activity, appetite, and social behavior; characterized by feelings of worthlessness, fatigue, and loss of interest
Term
dysthymia
Definition
a milder affective disorder characterized by a chronic depression
Term
BD
Definition
manic depression = bipolar disorder
Term
SAD
Definition
seasonal affective disorder
Term
manic depression
Definition
affective disorder characterized by mood swings of mania and depression (extreme up and down states)
Term
seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
Definition
an affective disorder marked by episodes of depression that most often occur during the fall and winter and remit in the spring
Term
bipolar disorder (BD)
Definition
affective disorder characterized by mood swings of mania and depression (extreme up and down states)
Term
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Definition
the most common anxiety disorder, characterized by chronic, excessive, uncontrollable worry about everyday problems; affects the ability to relax or concentrate but does not usually interfere with social interactions or employment; physical symptoms include muscle tension, trembling, twitching, fatigue, headaches, nausea, and insomnia
Term
panic disorder (PD)
Definition
a disorder of sudden, recurrent attacks of intense feelings, including physical symptoms that mimic a heart attack (rapid heart rate, chest pain, shortness of breath, chills, sweating, and dizziness), with a general sense of loss of control or feeling that death is imminent; often progresses to agoraphobia
Term
GAD
Definition
generalized anxiety disorder
Term
PD
Definition
panic disorder
Term
PTSD
Definition
posttraumatic stress disorder
Term
phobia
Definition
exaggerated fear of a specific object or circumstance that causes anxiety and panic; named for the object or circumstance, such as agoraphobia (marketplace), claustrophobia (confinement), and acrophobia (high places)
Term
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Definition
a condition resulting from an extremely traumatic experience, injury, or illness that leaves the sufferer with persistent thoughts and memories of the ordeal; may occur after a war, violent personal assault, physical or sexual abuse, serious accident, or natural disaster; symptoms include feelings of fear, detachment, exaggerated startle response, restlessness, nightmares, and avoidance of anything or any one who triggers the painful recollections
Term
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Definition
an anxiety disorder featuring unwanted, senseless obsessions accompanied by repeated compulsions; can interfere with all aspects of a person’s daily life, for example, the thought that a door is not locked with repetitive checking to make sure it is locked , or thoughts that one’s body has been contaminated causing repetitive washing
Term
hypochondriasis
Definition
a preoccupation with thoughts of disease and concern that one is suffering from a serious condition that persists despite medical reassurance to the contrary
Term
OCD
Definition
obsessive-compulsive disorder
Term
autism
Definition
a developmental disability commonly appearing during the first three years of life, resulting from a neurologic disorder affecting brain function, evidenced by difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication, and an inability to relate to anything beyond oneself (auto = self) in social interactions; persons with autism often exhibit body movements such as rocking and repetitive hand movements; they commonly become preoccupied with observing parts of small objects or moving parts or performing meaningless rituals
Term
dyslexia
Definition
a developmental disability characterized by a difficulty understanding written or spoken words, sentences, or paragraphs, affecting reading, spelling, and self-expression
Term
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Definition
a dysfunction characterized by consistent hyperactivity, distractibility, and lack of control over impulses, which interferes with ability to function normally at school, home, or work
Term
mental retardation
Definition
a condition of subaverage intelligence characterized by an IQ of 70 or below, resulting in the inability to adapt to normal social activities
Term
ADHD
Definition
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Term
anorexia nervosa
Definition
a severe disturbance in eating behavior caused by abnormal perceptions about one’s body weight, evidenced by an overwhelming fear of becoming fat that results in a refusal to eat and body weight well below normal
Term
bulimia nervosa
Definition
an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by efforts to limit digestion through induced vomiting, use of laxatives, or excessive exercise
Term
substance abuse disorders
Definition
mental disorders resulting from abuse of substances such as drugs, alcohol, or other toxins, causing personal and social dysfunction; identified by the abused substance, such as alcohol abuse, amphetamine abuse, opioid (narcotic) abuse, and polysubstance abuse
Term
schizophrenia
Definition
a disease of brain chemistry causing a distorted cognitive and emotional perception of one’s environment; symptoms include distortions of normal function such as disorganized thought, delusions, hallucinations, and catatonic behavior; negative symptoms (normal reactions missing in person with schizophrenia) include flat affect, apathy, and withdrawal from reality
Term
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Definition
electrical shock applied to the brain to induce convulsions; used to treat severely depressed patients
Term
light therapy
Definition
use of specialized illuminating light boxes and visors to treat seasonal affective disorder
Term
psychotherapy
Definition
treatment of psychiatric disorders using verbal and nonverbal interaction with patients, individually or in a group, employing specific actions and techniques
Term
behavioral therapy
Definition
treatment to decrease or stop unwanted behavior
Term
cognitive therapy
Definition
treatment to change unwanted patterns of thinking
Term
ECT
Definition
electroconvulsive therapy
Term
psychotropic drugs
Definition
medications used to treat mental illnesses (trop/o = a turning)
Term
neuroleptic agents
Definition
drugs used to treat psychosis, especially schizophrenia
Term
antianxiety agents
Definition
drugs used to reduce anxiety
Term
anxiolytic agents
Definition
drugs used to reduce anxiety
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