Term
| theoretic models/classifications |
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Definition
-Biomedical
-Psychoanalytic
-BioPsychoSocial |
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Term
| Biomedical classification |
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Definition
-closely follows other medical disciplines
-diagnosis is initially based on signs, symptoms, and outcomes
-etiology is sought through research on pathophysiology
-etiology may later be incorporated into diagnosis |
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Term
| Psychoanalytic classification |
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Definition
-diagnosis based on psychological processes (drives, defenses, conflicts)
etiology inferred from the history and psychotherapeutic process
-Freudian approach
-classic pt on a couch, not seeing the examiner, free association |
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Term
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Definition
| combo of medical, mental, environment |
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Term
| important changes with the 1980 edition of DSM, DSM-III |
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Definition
-retained historical classifications of major disorders from pervious versions
**designed by researchers based on best available statistical evidence for symptoms of major disorders - INCORPORATION OF RESEARCH**
-eliminated theoretical constructs in diagnosis
-improved inter-rater reliability (but not diagnostic validity)
-clarified and facilitated differential diagnosis
-facilitated research on diagnosis, etiology, and treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| likelihood that 2 clinicians will reach the same diagnosis |
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Term
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Definition
| likelihood that the diagnosis represents a unique disease process |
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Term
| DSM definition of "mental disorder" |
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Definition
"A clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in and individual and that is associated with present distress or disability or with a significant increased risk of suffering death, pain, disability, or an important loss of function."
-disclaimer: if a response to a event is expected or culturally sanctioned, NOT considered psychiatric disorder (ex: grief) |
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Term
5 axes of the DSM
(currently: DSM-IV) |
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Definition
-multiaxial diagnostic system
-axes represent 5 dimensions that are all tried to be defined for every person |
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Term
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Definition
-major clinical syndromes
-clinical disorders
-other conditions that may be the focus of attention, ex: seeking treatment because of marital problem |
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Term
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Definition
-life long or background conditions
-personality disorders
-mental retardation |
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Term
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Definition
-general (nonpsychiatric) medical conditions
-can be causative or reactive |
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Term
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Definition
-psychosocial and environmental stressors
-list type and severity of stressor
-ex: problems with primary support group, work, education, economic problems |
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Term
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Definition
-Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)
**anchored numeric scale (0-100) based on ability to function psychologically, socially, and occupationally (NOT physical functioning) |
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Term
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Definition
-increments of 10 clearly marked off
-patients in the 20's, 30's 40's range typically have psychotic symptoms, may have suicidal ideation |
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Term
| broad guidelines when using DSM-IV |
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Definition
-THINK MEDICAL FIRST, dx of mental disorder due to a general medical disorder or substance-induced mental disorder preempts the diagnosis of the primary mental disorder with the same symptoms
*do not separately diagnose a minor disorder occurring as part of a more pervasive disorder (ex: insomnia with depression) |
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Term
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Definition
-multiple diagnoses are allowed
-provisional diagnoses allowed, noted in ()
-severity, chronicity, and recurrence of the disorder are described with modifiers |
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