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| Our awareness of ourselves and our environment. |
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| the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition( including perception, thinking, memory, and language). |
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| the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks. |
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| the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus |
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| failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere. |
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| failing to notice changes in the environment. |
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| the biological clock; regular bodily rythms that occur on a 24 hour cycle. |
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| rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. also known as paradoxial sleep, because the muscles are relaxed but other body systems are active. |
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| the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state. |
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| periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness- as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation. |
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| false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus. |
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| the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep |
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| recurring problems in falling or staying asleep |
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| a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times. |
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| a sleep disoreder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings. |
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| a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered. |
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| a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it. |
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| according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream( as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content) |
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| according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream( as distinct from its manifest content) |
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| the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation( created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep) |
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| a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms or behaviors. |
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| a social interaction in which one person(they hypnotist) suggest to another( the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings , thoughts or behaviors will spontaneously occur. |
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| a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others. |
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| a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods |
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| the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect. |
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| the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug. |
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| a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued |
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| physchological dependance |
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| a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions. |
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| compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences. |
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drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
alcohol, barbituates, and opiates |
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| drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment. |
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| opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety. |
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| drugs(such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine and ectasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions. |
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| drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes. |
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| a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels. |
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| a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-prodcing neurons and to mood and cognition. |
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| psychedelic drugs, such as LSD that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input. |
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| a powerful hallucinogenic drug, also known as acid( lysergic acid diethylamide). |
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| the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations. |
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| an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death; often similar to drug-induced hallucinations. |
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