Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| factors that contribute to the development of a disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the system used in the DSM that provides assessment along five axes describing important mental health factors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in psychology, examination of a person's mental state to diagnose possible psychological disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| observering the actions of a patient can lead to a diagnosis - he might avoid eye-contact (social anxiety) |
|
|
Term
| neuropsychological testing |
|
Definition
| client performs actions such as copying a picture or sorting through cards - these tests indicate problems in specific brain regions |
|
|
Term
| dissociative identity disorder |
|
Definition
the occurrance of two or more distinct identities in the same individual (multiple personality disorder)
brain separates itself into personalities to protect itself from past trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a diagnostic model that proposes that a disorder may develop when an underlying vulnerability is coupled with a precipitation event |
|
|
Term
| biological factors in mental disorders |
|
Definition
| certain brain regions are associated with psychopathology - they reflect vulnerabilities but do not necessarily mean that the person will get the disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a diagnostic model that considers symptoms within an individual as indicating problems within the family - puts the patient's problems into social context and helps explain psychological issues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a diagnostic model that views psychopathology as the result of the interactions between individuals and their cultures
explains why anorexia is more common in certain cultures |
|
|
Term
| cognitive-behavioral approach |
|
Definition
a diagnostic model that views psychopahtology as the result of learned, maladaptive cognitions
Explains phobias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most common in women:
characterized by emotions such as distress and fear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most common in men:
characterized by disinhibition (like alcoholism), conduct disorders, and antisocial behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a fear of a specific object or situation
it can be adaptive, such as a fear of spiders or heights, but greatly exaggerated |
|
|
Term
| specific phobia vs. social phobia |
|
Definition
specific - involve particular objects and situations
social - fear of being negatively evaluated by others |
|
|
Term
| generalized anxiety disorder |
|
Definition
| a diffuse state of constant anxiety not associated with any specific object or event |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an anxiety disorder characterized by sudden, overwhelming attacks of terror |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an anxiety disorder marked by fear of being in situations in which escape may e difficult or impossible |
|
|
Term
| obsessive-compulsive disorder |
|
Definition
an anxiety disorder characterized by frequent intrusive thoughts and compulsive actions
obsessions - recurrent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts of ideas or mental images which often contain fear of contaminations, accidents, or one's own aggression
compulsions - particular acts that a person feels driven to perform over and over again to ease anxiety not for pleasure |
|
|
Term
| cognitive factors in anxiety disorders |
|
Definition
a patient has the tendency to perceive neutral situations as threatening
they focus excessive attention on perceived threats
they recall threatening events more easily than nonthreatening events and exaggerate their magnitude and frequency |
|
|
Term
| situational factors in anxiety disorders |
|
Definition
| a person could develop a fear by observing another person's fearful reaction. this fear can become generalized and develop into a phobia |
|
|
